New Report of Two Species of Crabs, Cycloes granulosa and Pugettia vulgaris (Crustacea: Decapoda) Collected from Korea

양기정,이석현,고현숙 한국동물분류학회 2015 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.31 No.3

Two species of crabs, Cycloes granulosa and Pugettia vulgaris, are described and illustrated for the first time in Korea. The former is the first species of calappoid genus Cycloes and characterized by having a minute lateral spine on the margin of carapace. The latter is a species of majoid crab and similar to P. pellucens. However, it can be distinguished by shorter rostral spines, a smaller hepatic spine, and a carapace entirely covered with short setae. In Korea the calappoid crab now includes seven species of three genera (Calappa, Mursia, and Cycloes) and the majoid genus Pugettia consists of six species.

에너지저장,변환; 2P-111 Cu2ZnSnS4 태양전지의 MoS2층 생성 제어 연구

양기정,심준형,전보람,손대호,강진규 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.0

전폴리머 조성에 따른 고분자 분산형 액정의 전기 광학 특성 평가

양기정,윤도영,Yang, Kee-Jeong,Yoon, Do-Young 한국전기전자재료학회 2010 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.23 No.11

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films were prepared by the phase separation method using the liquid crystal (E7) and prepolymers. This work investigated the electro-optical characteristics of various PDLC films. In order to have good contrast ratio, the polymer refractive index must be adjusted to the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal. The driving voltage of PDLC films were mainly affected by elastic deformation. E7-Ebecryl810-IOA-TMPTA-HMPPO system had good threshold voltage and driving voltage and E7-Ebecryl810-EHA-PEGDA-HMPPO system had good contrast ratio.

Two different effects of Na on Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cells

양기정,심준형,손대호,김대환,강진규 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.11

Among the many factors that affect the characteristics of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cells, the effects of Na were examined. Because Na passivates the grain boundaries (GBs) in absorber layers, the GBs increase the minority carrier collection by providing a current pathway through which the minority carriers can reach the buffer and window layer and be collected. However, excess Na remains in the absorber layer and diffuses into the buffer and window layers, where it acts as an impurity and traps the minority carriers, thus decreasing the solar cell characteristics. By applying an annealing process after the deposition of the buffer and window layers, the Na content could be decreased. By improving the solar cell characteristics, a power conversion efficiency of 6.43% was achieved.

에너지저장,변환; 2P-110 Na의 확산에 따른 Su2ZnSnS4 태양전지 특성 변화

양기정,심준형,전보람,손대호,강진규 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.0

正祖의 當代 臣僚 文集 命刊에 대한 연구 - 『雷淵集』, 『江漢集』, 『保晩齋集』, 『樊巖集』을 중심으로 -

양기정 한국서지학회 2016 서지학연구 Vol.66 No.-

This study investigated the background and the process of King Jeongjo’s publishing his official’s collections of work, especially on Nam Yu-Yong’s Noeyeonjip, Hwang Gyeong-Won’s Ganghanjip, Seo Myeong-Eung’s Bomanjaejip and Chae Jae-Gong’s Beonamjip, all of which were ordered to be published by King Jeongjo. All of them had taught Jeongjo as a royal tutor while Jeongjo was a prince. Three of them had represented national literature as the Head of the Royal Academy. One of them had help Jeongjo make a significant contribution to state affairs as a prime minister. The tradition that officially publish one’s collections of work, who served as a royal tutor and the Head of the Royal Academy, was derived from Nam Yu-Yong’s Noeyeonjip, and was passed down to Hwang Gyeong-Won’s Ganghanjip and Seo Myeong-Eung’s Bomanjaejip. Works of Nam Yu-Yong and Hwang Gyeong-Won were so elegant and sincere that there was a lot of accord with Jeongjo’s policy trying to restore people’s style of writing fallen into decadence. Seo Myeong-Eung immensely helped Jeongjo with his academic talent when Jeongjo compiled and published various books so as to consolidate the foundation of the throne at the initiatory stage of Guyjanggak. Jeongjo was so impressed by Chae Jae-Gong’s consistent protection for Prince Sado, who was Jeongjo’s father, that he especially selected Chae Jae-Gong as a prime minister. Chae Jae-Gong successfully assisted Jeongjo’s policy in various categories. It took about 3years for Noeyeonjip and Ganghanjip to be published from Jeongjo’ order. On the contrary, Bomanjaejip and Beonamjip were privately published after Jeongjo passed away. The publication of Bomanjaejip and Beonamjip took a long time due to the political obstacles that occurred shortly after Jeongjo passed away. In case of Noeyeonjip and Ganghanjip, Jeongjo read both of them and ordered to publish after the writers passed away. Bomanjaejip and Beonamjip, on the other hand, were read and given a panegyrical poem by Jeongjo during writer’s life time. Jeongjo ordered to publish Bomanjaejip and Beonamjip as soon as the writers passed away. Ganghanjip had a lot of content that were strongly opposing Qing. Jeongjo was concerned that Ganghanjip might have bring about diplomatic conflicts between Joseon and Qing, so he did not write prefaces for Ganghanjip. Since Bomanjaejip and Beonamjip could not be published during Joseon’s life time, there are no Jeongjo’s prefaces, only panegyrical poems written by Jeongjo. Nam Yu-Yong’s descendants wanted to print only 40-50 sets for private use at the time of printing Noeyeonjip, because they were not afford enough. On that basis, it can be assumed that more than 50 sets for private use were generally printed at least when a collection of work was published under the orders of King during the Joseon dynasty. According to Jeongjo’s memorandum, 23 sets for official use were generally printed at the time of printing Ganghanjip. It can also assume how many sets of collection of work for official use were generally printed. 본 논문은 조선 正祖 시대 신료인 南有容의 『雷淵集』, 黃景源의 『江漢集』, 徐命膺의 『保晩齋集』, 蔡濟恭의 『樊巖集』에 대해 정조가 간행을 명한 배경과 그 경과에 대해 연구한 것이다. 정조는 賓客을 지내고 文衡을 역임하였으면서 문장과 학술이 뛰어나거나, 자신이 정책을 수행하는데 지대한 공적을 세운 신료의 문집을 간행해주도록 명을 내렸다. 정조가 빈객을 지내고 문형을 역임한 신료의 문집을 간행해주도록 명한 전통은 남유용의 『뇌연집』에서부터 시작되어 황경원의 『강한집』, 서명응의 『보만재집』으로 이어졌다. 남유용과 황경원의 문장은 敦厚하고 古雅하여 정조의 ‘文體反正’ 정책에 부합하는 것이었고, 서명응은 다양한 서적을 편찬했던 정조의 학술 정책에 지대한 기여를 하였으며, 채제공은 思悼世子의 보호에 적극적으로 활약하여 정조의 신임을 얻고 영의정에 올라 정조가 추진하던 정책들을 성공적으로 보좌하였다. 『뇌연집』과 『강한집』은 간행의 명이 내린 뒤에 간행을 위한 준비 작업으로서 편집과 교정에 대략 3년 정도의 시간이 소요되었다. 『보만재집』과 『번암집』은 모두 정조 사후에 저자의 후손이나 본인이 정치적인 문제에 연루되어 오랫동안 간행되지 못하다가 정치적 문제가 해결된 뒤에 간행되었다. 『뇌연집』과 『강한집』은 저자의 사후에 정조가 遺稿를 乙覽하고 간행하도록 명한 경우이고, 『보만재집』과 『번암집』은 저자의 생전에 詩文稿를 을람한 뒤에 御製詩를 내리고 사후에 간행해주도록 명한 경우다. 排淸文字가 다수 수록된 『강한집』은 중국에 유입될 경우 외교문제로 비화될 우려가 있어 御製序가 수록되지 않았다. 『보만재집』과 『번암집』은 정조 생전에 간행되지 못한 까닭에 御製序는 수록되어 있지 않고 御製詩만 수록되어 있다. 『뇌연집』의 사례를 볼 때, 국가에서 문집을 간행해 줄 때에 私件은 본가에서 비용을 부담하며, 그 수량은 일반적으로 최소한 50件 이상이었을 것으로 추정된다. 公件의 수량은 『강한집』을 인출할 때 정조가 내린 備忘記를 통해 짐작할 수 있는데, 이에 따르면 『강한집』의 公件은 총 23件이 인출되었다.

Compositional ratio distribution in Cu₂ZnSnS₄ absorber layer

양기정,심준형,손대호,김대환,김지영,조윌렴,송수민,김준호,남다현,정현식,강진규 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1

In this study, we examined correlations between compositional ratio distribution within the CZTS absorber layer, which depends on the sulfurization process temperature, and subsequent defect and surface electrical characteristics. As the sulfurization process temperature increases, crystallinity of the absorber layer improves, and the compositional ratio distribution shows relatively uniform Cu-poor/Zn-rich composition. Also, the degradation of the back-contact barrier characteristics can be controlled through suppression of the ZnS secondary phase formation at the CZTS/MoS₂ interface. Furthermore, this improvement suppresses the formation of deep level defects. This enables the minimization of current and voltage losses.

CZTSSe 태양전지의 전망

양기정,강진규,김대환,성시준,황대규,손대호,심준형,전동환,김정식,김영일,김옥식,박시내 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.1

2015년 이산화탄소 배출 감축을 위한 Paris Agreement 발표 이후, renewable energy의 역할이 매우 중요해졌으며, 특히 solar photovoltaic은 이산화탄소 감축에 큰 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 있다. 그러나 현재 solar photovoltaic 분야가 기후 변화에 대응하기 위해서는 Si-based solar cell 뿐만 아니라 perovskite, thin-film solar cell 등과 같은 다양한 기술의 발전이 필요하다. 특히 thin-film solar cell 중에서 rare elements를 사용하는 CIGS를 대체하기 위해서는 CZTSSe-based solar cell의 개발이 필요하다. CZTSSe-based solar cell의 효율 향상을 위해서 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. CZTSSe-based solar cell의 시장 진입을 위해서는 CIGS와 같이 vacuum process를 통한 효율 향상이 필요하다. CZTSSe 태양전지의 연구 동향을 살펴봄으로써 관련 기술을 전망해본다.

『禮記類編』의 編纂과 刊行에 대한 연구

양기정 한국서지학회 2011 서지학보 Vol.0 No.38

崔錫鼎은 牛溪 成渾의 門人인 崔起南의 증손이자 영의정을 지낸 崔鳴吉의 손자로 태어나 家學을 계승했으며, 밖으로는 少論의 領袖이자 대표적인 학자인 南九萬을 스승으로 삼아 안팎으로 牛溪學派의 學風을 계승하였다.『禮記類編』은 우계학파의 유연하고도 절충적인 학풍이 최석정의 경학에 대한 열정과 결합하여 산출된 문헌이다. 최석정이『禮記類編』의 편찬을 염두에 두고『禮記』를 연구하기 시작한 것은 부친 崔後尙의 喪을 당했던 1680년 겨울 무렵이고, 본격적인 편찬을 시작한 것은 1683년이며, 책을 완성한 것은 1692년부터 1693년 4월 사이 서울 皇華坊에 머물고 있을 무렵이다. 『禮記類編』은 1700년과 1707년에 두 차례 간행되었다. 初刊本은 1700년 10월 4일의 經筵에서 최석정이 숙종에게 올린 건의에 따라 그해 11월경에 校書館에서 戊申字로 인행되었다. 이것이 바로 『禮記』의 正文과 최석정의 附註만 수록되어 있는 18권의 『禮記類編』이다. 重刊本은 1707년 2월 嶺南監營에서 木板으로 간행되었는데, 초간본을 바탕으로 正文의 단락을 나누고 해당 단락마다 陳澔의 集說과 최석정의 附註를 달아 再編하였다. 이것이 바로 40권의 『禮記類編大全』이다. 최석정은 『儀禮經傳通解』의 7部 체제를 모방하여, 『禮記』의 편목을 家禮, 邦國禮, 學禮, 吉禮, 凶禮, 嘉禮 賓禮의 7部로 나누어 각 편을 내용에 따라 재배치하고, 『禮記』에서 빠져 있던 「中庸」과 「大學」을 다시 편입하였으며, 『孝經』도 『禮記』와 같은 종류의 글이라고 판단하여 『禮記類編』에 편입하였다. 또한 자신의 학문적 견해를 정리하여 각 편마다 附註로 달아 陳澔의 『禮記集說』의 오류나 미비점을 바로잡거나 보완하였으며, 『禮記』經文 중에 뒤섞이고 빠진 부분이 많다는 판단 하에 자신의 견해에 의거하여 단락의 위치를 바꾸어 재편하였는데, 本篇 내에서 단락의 위치를 옮겼을 뿐만 아니라 다른 편과 통합하여 다른 편의 단락을 옮기기도 하였다. Choi Sukjeong succeeded to the academic heritage of his family, which was passed down from his great-grandfather of Choi Ginam(崔起南), who was a student of Wugye(牛溪) Sung Hon(成渾), a famous Neo-Confucian scholar in 16th century. Choi Sukjeong was also taught by Nam Guman(南九萬), who was a leader of Soron(少論) that had a academic root mainly from Sung Hon. It means that Choi Sukjeong was a member of the school of Wugye that had a relatively flexible and eclectic traditions. Yegi Yupyeon was an book produced by Choi Sukjeong's academic ardor under the traditions of the school of Wugye. Choi Sukjeong begun to study on Liji(禮記) around in the winter of 1680, started compiling Yegi Yupyeon in 1683 and completed it from 1692 to April 1693 in Hwanghwabang(皇華坊) Seoul. Yegi Yupyeon has been published twice by order of King Sukjong(肅宗). The first edition was published around in November 1700 in Gyoseogwan(校書館) using Musinja(戊申字) that was a metal type, which was carried out on Choi Sukjeong' proposal to King Sukjong in the royal academic council held in October 4th 1700. The second edition was published in February 1707 in Yeongnam provincial government office(嶺南監營) using wooden printing blocks. Choi Sukjeong grouped Liji chapters into seven sections by the contents in Yegi Yupyeon, the etiquette of a family(家禮), the etiquette of a nation(邦國禮), the etiquette of a education(學禮), the etiquette of a memorial service(吉禮), the etiquette of a funeral(凶禮), the etiquette of a happy event(嘉禮) and the etiquette of a reception(賓禮). Seven sections of Yegi Yupyeon were based on the editing system of Yili Jingzhuan Tongjie(儀禮經傳通解). He also restored Zhongyong(中庸) and Daxue(大學) to Yegi Yupyeon, which had been extracted from Liji by Neo-Confucian scholar of Song(宋), and inserted Xiaojing(孝經) to Yegi Yupyeon with his own understanding that the contents of Xiaojing are similar to Liji. In addition, he put his opinions in order and made them annotation on Yegi Yupyeon to make up for the fault made by Chen Hao(陳澔) in Liji Jishuo(禮記集說). Especially, he reorganized the paragraphs of Liji. That was performed not only within a chapter but also among chapters mutually.

Comparison of chalcopyrite and kesterite thin-film solar cells

양기정,심준형,손대호,전동환,황대규,남다현,정현식,김성연,김준호,김대환,강진규 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.45 No.-

In this study, we investigate methods of improving the efficiency of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS)-based solarcells by comparing Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe)- and CZTS-based absorber layers. In particular, the CZTS-basedabsorber exhibits lower current characteristics than the CIGSe absorber layer in terms of the band gapalignment and electron-hole recombination at the CdS-absorber interface. Moreover, we demonstratethat defects are one of the causes of the voltage loss. In order to improve the efficiency of CZTS-basedsolar cells, it is important to control the band gap alignment at the CdS-absorber layer interface and tosuppress the formation of secondary phases inside the absorber.