서비스 애호도와 의사애호도가 재구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이유재(You Jae Yi),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn) 한국소비자학회 2001 소비자학연구 Vol.12 No.1

This study has investigated the relationships between various types of service loyalty and repurchase intentions. It has theoretically examined four types of service loyalty: true loyalty, pseudo-loyalty, latent loyalty. and non-loyalty. An empirical study is then conducted to examine the differences between true loyalty and pseudo-loyalty in terms of their consequences. The results show that pseudo-loyalty has less significant effects on repurchase intentions than true loyalty. It is also found that service loyalty is affected by perceived service costs as well as by perceived service quality.

자가 면역성 갑상선 질환에서 체액성 면역 기능에 관한 연구

전병숙(Byung Sook Jeon),장준(Joon Jang),성기양(Ki Yang Sung),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn),이경숙(Kyung Suk Lee),김삼용(Sam Yong Kim),노흥규(Heung Kyu Ro) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.40 No.3

N/A To investigate the lymphocyte function in humoral immunity in autoimmune thyroid disease, serum levels of IgG, IgA, TBII, and in vitro production of IgG, IgA with or without pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation were measured in 17 patients with untreated Graves' disease, 15 patients with Graves' disease in remission, 12 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and 8 normal controls. The results were as follows: 1) The levels of in vitro production of IgG in untreated Graves' disease (2767.1±725.8 ng/ml), Graves disease in remission (5982.3±1268.9 ng/ml), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (6898.4±2434.0 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those of the normal controls (438.6±57.9 ng/ ml) (p<0.05). 2) In vitro production of IgG with PWM in untreated Graves' disease (2162.5±649.3 ng/ml) was significantly lower than the normal controls. 3) In vitro production of IgA was not different between each disease group and normal controls. 4) In vitro production of IgA with PWM in untreated Graves's disease (2162.5±649.3 ng/ml) was significantly lower than the normal controls (8422.9±2599.2 ng/ml) (p<0.05), but production those patients with Graves' disease in remission and patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was not different from the controls. 5) The stimulation index of IgG in patient of untreated Graves' disease (4.3± 1.3), Graves' disease in remission (8.3±2.7), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (4.8±2.0) was significantly lower compared with that of the normal controls (49.1±8.9) (p <0.01). But significant difference was not noted between untreated Gravers' disease and Graves' disease in remission the stimulation index for IgA was different only between untreated Graves disease patients and the control groups; 2.4±0.5 versus 8.4±2.2 (p < 0.05). 6) Serum TBII showed no correlation with in vitro IgG levels of untreated patients with Graves' disease or patients with Graves' disease in remission. 7) There was no correlation between serum IgG and in vitro IgG, production not between serum IgA and in the vitro IgA production. The above results indicate that there is a defect in humoral immunity in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, and the function of immunoglobulin production becomes normalized partially according to the remission of the disease.

위암 환자에서 세포성 면역 기능에 관한 연구

이재익(Jae Ik Lee),윤일국(Ilk Kuk Yoon),이종선(Jong Sun Lee),김종완(Jong Wan Kim),장준(Joon Jang),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn),송민호(Min Ho Song),정현용(Hyeon Young Jeong),이헌영(Heon Young Lee),김삼용(Sam Yong Kim),김영건(Young Kun Kim) 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.6

N/A We performed a variety of lymphocyte stimulation tests, delayed hypersensitivity skin tests, and enumeration of several lymphocyte subpopulations in 21 patients with gastric cancer who did not receive any form of anticancer therapy, and in 20 healthy controls. The gastric cancer patients had significantly de- creased number and total score of positive reactions in delayed hypersensitivity skin tests compared with the healthy controls. The percent of CD4 positive lymphocytes in the gastric cancer patients was significantly decreased compared to the normal control subjects, but it had no correlation with the total score of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. The ratio of helper to suppressor cells was lower in the cancer group. The uptake of 3H-thymidine was markedly depressed in cancer patients when stimulated with various mitogens. There was little correlation between any of the stimulation tests and any of the lymphocyte subpopulation proportions to delayed hypersensitivity cutaneous reactions. Optimal proliferative response was found in lymphocytes stimulated with 10 micrograms of concanavalin-A and 10 microgram of phytohemagglutinin. Advanced stage patients had greatly depressed delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions and proliferative responses to mitogens compared with localized diseases. These results suggest that gastric cancer patients have depressed cellular immune functions, which mainly result from the decreased helper cells and defects in functional proliferative response to mitogens. Interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma restored the in vitro proliferative response of lymphocyte in patients with gastric cancer.

복수에서 Carcinoembryonic Antigen ( CEA ) , Cholesterol 및 Albumin 치의 진단적 의의

허승식(Seoung Sik Heo),성자원(Ja Won Sung),김병호(Byeong Ho Kim),이기천(Ki Cheon Lee),이종선(Jong Sun Lee),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn),정현용(Hyun Yong Jeong),이헌영(Heun Young Lee),김영건(Young Kun Kim) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.43 No.1

N/A Background: Although ascites in most often caused by chronic liver disease or neoplasms metastatic to peritonium, a complete seperation between these two mechanisms has not been possible using simple and reliable ascitic fluid laboratory parameters. Ascitic fluid lactic acid dehydrogenase, protein, carcinoem- bryonic antigen, cholesterol, glucose concentration and PH have been investigated, but none has provided a complete distinction between malignant and benign ascites. Methods: To evaluate the diagnostic values of ascitic CEA, cholesterol and albumin to differentiate malignant from nonmalignant Ascites, the authors studies 96 patients with ascites (43 with benign ascites and 53 with clinical or pathologic malignant ascites). Results: 1) The mean values of CEA, cholesterol and albumin in benign ascites were 1.32ng/ml, 39.53 mg/dl and 0.39 gm/dl, and the upper limites of parameters in benign ascites were 3.26ng/dl, 106.79mg/dl and 1,65gm/dl. 2) The mean values of CEA, cholesterol and albumin in pathologic malignant ascites were 46. 80 ng/ml, 99. 35 mg/dl and 2,19 gm/dl, and the mean values of parameters in clinical malignant ascites were 58,49 ng/ml, 81. 37 mg/dl and 1 41 gm/dl. Ascites CEA, cholesterol and albumin levels were significantly higher in malignant ascites than benign ascites, but no significant difference between clinical and pathologic malignant ascites. 3) In diagnosis of malignant ascites, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic efficacy of CEA, cholesterol and albumin were 60% 93% 75%, 35% 92% 69% and 56% 81% 71%. 4) The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic efficacy of cholesterol plus albmin, cholesterol plus CEA and albumin plus CEA were 26% 96% 71%, 30% 100% 76%, 52% 100% 82%. 5) Significantly positive correlation were found be tween CEA/cholesterol, CEA/albumin. Conclusion: CEA, cholesterol and albumin, especially CEA plus albumin, were parameters valuable for differential diagnosis of ascites.

위내시경으로 진단된 소화성 궤양환자 1501명에 대한 임상적 관찰

김영건(Young Kun Kim),이복희(Bok Hee Lee),김성철(Sung Chul Kim),박헌진(Hun Jin Park),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn),이헌영(Houn Young Lee) 대한소화기학회 1988 대한소화기학회지 Vol.20 No.3

N/A The epidemiology and clinical aspect of peptic ulcer is ever-changing along with changes in environment. Therefore, we had a clinical analysis in 1501 patients, who were diagnosed as peptic ulcer with gastroscopy in Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1984 to June 1988. The results were as follows: 1) Of the total 8912 cases of endoscopy, the numbers of patient with gastric ulcer were 784(8.8%), with duodenal ulcer, 591(6.6%) and with combined ulcer, 126(1.4%) 2) The mean age of patients with gastric ulcer was 50.9+14.9, and that with duodenal ulcer was 41.76+13.8. 3) The ratio of males to females was 3.7: 1 in gastric ulcer group and 2.4: 1 in duodenal ulcer group. 4) The most common stympom was epiagastric pain, 48.3% of gastric ulcer patients and 47.2% of duodenal ulcer patients, And the patients with hematemesis and/or melena were 19.5% of gastric ulcer patients and 12.9% of duodenal ulcer patients 5) During the period 1984-1988, the annual proportion of gastric ulcer were 58.8%, 51.4%, 53.3%, 50%, and 50.7%. And that of duodenal ulcer were 36.5%, 39.4%, 38.2%, 40.5%, and 41.1%. 6) The patients with multiple ulcers were 26.5% of gastric ulcer group and 15.7% of duodenal ulcer group. 7) The patients of 78.1% of total peptic ulcer was in active stage, 11% in healing stage, and 10.9% in scarring stage. 8) In 30.8% of gastric ulcers, the size of ulcer was within 1.0 to 1.4 cm and in 31.6% of duodenal ulcers the size of ulcer was less than 0.4 cm. 9) The most common site of gastric ulcer was angle of stomach (42.7%), and that of duodenal ulcer was bulb (98.6%). 10) The proportion of patients with combined ulcer of stomach and duodenum was 8.3% of total patients and that of channel ulcer was 3.1%.

지방간의 임상적 고찰

김영건(Young Kun Kim),이복희(Bok Hee Lee),박헌진(Hun Jin Park),이헌영(Heon Young Lee),안정기(Jeong Ki Ahn),강원권(Won Kwon Dang) 대한소화기학회 1989 대한소화기학회지 Vol.21 No.1

N/A The clinical, laboratory and pathological features were evaluated in 44 patients with fatty liver, those were proved by nedle biopsy. The following results were obtained. 1) The mean age of the patients was 40.2 ± 11.8 years old, and the most prevalent age group was 4th decade (40.9%). The male and female ratio was 3.4:l. 2) Suspected etiologies were obestity (61.4%), alcohol (18.2%), crytogenic (13.6%), Diabetes Mellitus (6.8%), and prednisolon (2.3%), in order of frequency. 3) Clinical symptoms were asymptomatic (50%), fatigue and/or weakness (43%) and anorexia (16 %) etc. 4) Degrees of fatty infiltration on biopsy specimens revealed mild (18.2%) moderate (45.5%) and severe (36.4%). 5) Degrees of ultrasonographic findings (20 cases) resemble those degree of biopsy findings and positive rate was 80%. 6) Liver scan showed mottlings in 44% of patients and 28% of patients had no abnormal findings. 7) HBsAb positive cases were 61.4%, and no HBV markers found in 31.8% of the patients. 8) Diagnoses without liver biopsy were NANB hepatitis about half of the patients and only 20% of cases were suspected as fatty liver. 9) At the time of diagnosis, hypertriglyceridemia revealed at rate of 75% (30/40 cases) and the differences of the levels of serum TG, ALT and AST according to the degrees of fatty infiltration were not presented significantly. 10) The differences of the TG, ALT and AST levels between before and after treatment were noted significantly. 11) The significant relationships between degrees of fatty liver and degrees of obesity were observed (Grade I and II: p<0.05, I and III: p<0.01).

소화성 궤양에 대한 Nizatidine의 임상효과

안정기,이기천,허승식,이종선,정현용,이헌영,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

Nizatidine is a newly introduced potent H2-receptor antagonist of acid secretion with long duration of action. For evaluation of clinical efficancy and safety, twenty one patients with endoscopically proved thirteen gastric ulcers and eight duodenal ulcers were treated with nizatidine 300mg at bed time via per os for 6 weeks. The results were as follows 1. The rate of complete endoscopic healing of duodenal ulcer 92.3% and 87.5% after 6 weeks. The overall healing rate of peptic ulcer was achieved in 89.9% at 6 weeks. 2. Clinical symptoms disappeared in 84.6%, 92.3% and 100% of patients with duodenal ulcer and 75.0%, 87.5% and 87.5% patients with gastric ulcer at 2, 4 and 6 weeks respectively. 3. There were not developed any symptoms and signs suggesting side effect of drug. In conclusion, data from this study suggest that nizatidine 300mg p.o. at sleeping time is effective and safe in treatment of peptic ulcer disease, and is well tolerated on a short-term basis.

성인형 당뇨병에서의 심혈관 합병증과 지질대사와의 관계

박헌진,안정기,이종선,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.1

Hypwelipiswmia is commonly observed in the diabetics, especially with cardiovascular complications. We studied lipid profiles and cardiovascular complication in the 191 adult onset DM patients. The results are as follows: 1. The age distribution was from 24 years old to 82 years old. Male patients were 99 persons, famale patients were 92 persons. The mean disease duration was less than 2 years in the 77 patients, more than 5 years in the 79 patients. 2. Upon the classification between sexes, the mean age was 55±1(SEM) years in the male group, 53±1(SEM) years in the female group. The mean disease durtion was 6.4±1(SEM) years in the female group, longer in the male group (P<0.05). The triglyceride level was 210±16(SEM)㎎% in the male group, 214±13(SEM)㎎% in the female group. The fasting blood sugar level was 147±6(SEM)㎎/dl in the male group, 158±8(SEM)㎎/dl n the female group. The cholesterol level was 229±5(SEM)㎎/dl in the male group, 248±5(SEM)㎎/dl in the female group, higher in the female group (P<0.05). 3. The cardiovascurlar complicatioin (Hypertension, Myocardial infarction, Myocardial ischemia, Angina, Gangrene, Proliferative retinopathy) were present in the 60 patients from 191 patients. Hypertension was present in the 48 patients, and the most prevalent. The mean age and carrdiovascular complication were higher in the more than 5 years of mean disease duration group(mean age 57.99±1.14(SEM)㎎ year) than less than 5 years group(mean age 52.12±0.10(SEM)㎎ year) (P<0.001, P<0.01). 4. The mean disease duration (7.40±1.01(SEM) years), mean triglyceride levels(271±1.01(SEM)㎎%), and mean cholestrerol levels( 257±8㎎.dl) in the cardiovascularly complicated group were higher than those of non-complicated group (P<0.01). 5. The triglycerdie level was high in the obese group (230±14SEM㎎%) than non-obese group (184±15SEM㎎%) (P<0.05). The obese patients were more prevalent in the female group than male group significantly. 6. Considering obesity and cardiovascular complications, the triglyceride value was higher in the obese complicated group(300±30SEM㎎%) than obese non-complicated (197±14SEM㎎ %) or non-obese non-complicated (168±13SEM㎎ %) group (P<0.001). The cholesterol level was higher in the obese complicated group (267±10SEM㎎/dl) than obese non-complicated (230±5SEM㎎/dl) or non-obese non-complicated group(229±7SEM㎎/dl) (P<0.05). 7. Classifying upon insulin response pattern, the obese patients were found in the response pattern, low response pattern, flat type pattern(no response pattern) in the decreasing number of order (P<0.01). The cardiovascular complications were found in the low response group, response group, and flat type pattern (no response) in the decreasing number of order ( P<0.05). The combined cases of obesity and cardiovascular complications were found in the low response group, response group and flat type group(no response) pattern in the decreasing number of order (P<0.01). The mean disease duration was longer in the flat type group (no response) (4.48±0.6SEM years) than the response group(2.43±0.90SEM years) (P<0.05). The mean triglyceride value was higher in the response group (267.38±154.75SEM㎎%) than the flat type(no response group) (198.35±154.05SD㎎%) (P<0.05). So, we conclude that in the NIDDM, obesity control(die control, ideal body weight mainterice, and hyperlipidemia control) is essential for better DM control and cardiovascular complication control.

대장 질환의 내시경적 고찰

김영건,안정기 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.2

Colonofiberscopy has become a procedure in the study of patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of colonic disease. In recent years, it has become an essential procedure to diagnosis and treatment of colonic disease. Colonofiberscopy and sigmoidoscopy were performed on 454 cases who has been visited and were suspected of colonic disease to the Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam University, College of Medicine, from November 1986 to November 1989. 1. The observed patients were 125 cases with the most predominent age group in the fifties. 2. In clinical symptom and sins, abdominal pain was most common (187 cases; 41.1%), and the next was diarrhea (108 cases; 23.8%), hematochezia (92 cases; 20.3%). 3. Regarding the cause of abnormal colonoscopic findings, colorectal cancers were found in 86 cases(18.9%), benign polyp 33 cases(7.2%), chronic nonspecific colitis 47 cases(10.3%), ulcerative colitis 12 cases(2.6%) and tuberculous colitis 5 cases(1.1%). 4. The comparison was made between barium enema and colonoscopy. Eighty among 131 cases (61.1%) were an identical diagnosis by both examinations.

소화성궤양 환자에 대한 Omeprazole(Losec^(�))의 임상 효과

이종선,이기천,허승식,안정기,윤세진,정현용,이헌영,김영건 최신의학사 1990 最新醫學 Vol.33 No.9