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안기현 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2009 한국군사학논집 Vol.65 No.2
The purpose of this article is to analyze causal factors of Total Force Policy(TFP) in military dimension. Generally, the origin of American reserve forces was known as the citizen soldiers concepts but the basic framework of the current system came from TFP in 1973. TFP is the plan to enlarge the size of US Army shrunk after the Vietnam war. To achieve this goal, the composition of reserve and active forces was considered. Through TFP, the reserve forces was changed from the second rate military resource to the primary means of augmenting the active forces. After the Vietnam war, the size of US Army and military budget were shrunk because of the military failure in the Vietnam war and the change of national policy priorities. But the growing Soviet conventional threat gave US Army a chance to enlarge its size. At that time, Reserve Forces was considered as a primary source due to its economic benefits. Total Force Policy is the Plan. But the upgraded military effectiveness and the political character of Reserve Forces are crucial factors for drafting TFP. After the critical weakness of US reserve forces system found in Berlin Crisis in 1961, the Department of Defense had kept trying to renovate this system. Also after the Vietnam War, US Army itself tried to reform its entire system and especially upgrade its reserve forces. At that time, the linkage role of reserve forces between the military and citizens was considered as an important asset for US Army to recover the trust and support from citizen. Besides, traditional friendly relationship between Congress and reserve forces interest groups did catalytic role in shaping Total Force Policy.
산화촉진제 첨가가 플라스틱 필름의 물성과 분해에 미치는 영향
안기현,최재석,이로운,한정구,노태훈,박형우 한국포장학회 2022 한국포장학회지 Vol.28 No.3
최근 지구온난화 심화와 환경재난 등으로 석유유래 플라 스틱의 분해에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 플라스틱의 분 해를 촉진하는 산화촉진제로 ferric ion(Fe2+)을 농도별로 첨가하여 필름을 제조하였다. 대조군으로 LLDPE필름과 산화 촉진제를 농도별로 첨가한 필름에 UV를 시간별로 조사하 여 인장강도, 신장율과 분자량변화를 조사하였다. 수지에 ferric ion 첨가량이 많아질수록 물성저하가 컸으며, 분자량 변화도 큰 것으로 나타났다. 인장강도는 대조군에 비해 산 화촉진제 첨가필름이 조사시간 100시간 후 부터는 현저하 게 저하되었으며, 이러한 현상은 신장율에서도 비슷한 것으 로 나타났다. 분자량은 산화촉진제 첨가에 따른 결과로 UV 조사 50시간 후 63.6%, 100시간 후에는 73.8% 분자량이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 플라스틱 필름에 산화촉진제인 ferric ion(Fe2+)을 첨가함에 따라서 필름의 강 도와 분자량이 저하되는 결과와 김 등17) 등의 보고를 바탕 으로 필름의 분자량이 저하되면 그만큼 필름이 분해되고 있 다고 판단할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다. If petroleum- derived plastic like a bio-based plastic was degradation, awareness like a global warming and environmental disasters will be decreased. Plastic film was produced by adding ferric ions according to concentration by using a pro-oxidant in polyolefin resin. Changes in tensile strength, elongation, and molecular weight were evaluated according to the UV irradiation time. Increasing the amount of ferric ions resulted in more significant declines of physical properties, and also resulted in greater changes in molecular weight. After 100 hours of UV irradiation, tensile strength declined significantly in the film containing pro-oxidant as compared to the control. A similar effect was also observed in terms of elongation. The film containing pro-oxidant showed a 73.8% decrease in molecular weight after 100 hours of UV irradiation. The appropriate use of pro-oxidant can not only degrade plastic film but also control the time of degradation at the petroleum- derived plastic films. Further studies are necessary to investigate the conditions of plastic film degradation.