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신종일,전용준,이솔,이윤경,김지범,이경호 한국분자세포생물학회 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.3
The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in many types of cancers. However, the roles of DHA in drug-resistant cancer cells have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of DHA in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer SNU-601/cis2 cells. DHA was found to induce ROS-dependent apoptosis in these cells. The inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) blocker 2-aminoethyl diphenylboninate (2-APB) reduced DHA-induced ROS production, consequently reducing apoptosis. We also found that G-protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), a receptor of long-chain fatty acids, is expressed in SNU-601/cis2 cells, and the knockdown of GPR120 using specific shRNAs alleviated DHA-mediated ROS production and apoptosis. GPR120 knockdown reduced the expression of ER stress response genes, similar to the case for the pre-treatment of the cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, or 2-APB. Indeed, the knockdown of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), a transcription factor that functions under ER stress conditions, markedly reduced DHA-mediated apoptosis, indicating that CHOP plays an essential role in the anti-cancer activity of DHA. These results suggest that GPR120 mediates DHA-induced apoptosis by regulating IP3R, ROS, and ER stress levels in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells, and that GPR120 is an effective chemotherapeutic target for cisplatin resistance
보길도 별서건축(別墅建築)을 경영한 고산(孤山) 윤선도(尹善道)의 건축관(建築觀)에 관한 연구(硏究)
신종일,Shin, Joung-Il 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.3
Most of the studies on Confucian Architecture dealt with the administrative system and typification. The study was about the outline buildings of the Architecture. However, specific view of personal architecture is limited. The aim of this study is to clarify the idea of Seonbi, Confucian Scholars in Choson Dynasty, in building the second house, Byul-Seo Architecture. The Byul-Seo was used to Jang-Su(藏修) for training oneself and teaching his students, and You-Sik(遊息) for strolling the surrounding of nature. The Byel-Seo in Bogil-do by Gosan Yoon, Sun-Do is influenced not only by the idea of Confucianism which is 'knowing through by approaching to object(格物致知)', but also by Feng-shui and Taoism. From the idea of Gosan Yoon, Sun-Do in Byul-Seo Architecture, ecology and spirit of the times must applied to our modern architecture.
터키인의 독일 이주와 정체성 문제 -< 나의 가족, 나의 도시(Almanya-Willkommen in Deutschland) > 라는 영화를 중심으로-
신종락 ( Shin Jong-rak ) 성균관대학교 인문학연구원 2018 人文科學 Vol.0 No.68
세계 제2차 대전 이후 독일은 갑작스런 경제 성장을 이루면서 더 많은 노동력을 필요로 했다. 이런 이유로 수많은 터키 노동자들이 독일에 초청되어 오게 되었다. 이들의 삶을 다룬 영화가 터키 이주민 2세대가 만든 <나의 가족, 나의 도시> 영화다. 이 영화에 나오는 가족은 나름대로 독일에 잘 적응해서 성공적인 삶을 사는 터키 이주민 가족이다. 터키 이주민 가족은 시대에 따라서 정체성도 다양해지고 그들이 터키인이라는 의식도 희박해진다. 서류상으로 그들은 독일 시민권을 획득했지만 실제로 독일인들이 그들을 독일인으로 인정하느냐의 문제에 대해서는 영화에서 다루어지지 않고 있다. 터키인 가족 구성원의 세대 간의 갈등으로 인한 정체성 문제가 주요하게 다루어졌다. 1세대 후세인은 여전히 자신을 터키인이라고 생각하지만 2세대 자녀들은 이런 문제에 대해서 언급한다는 것에 대해서 귀찮아하고 3세대 첸크는 자신을 독일인으로 알고 있다가 간간히 정체성 문제에 부딪힌다. 이 가족들이 독일생활에 잘 적응했다는 것은 피상적인 현상일 뿐이다. 여전히 사회문화적 갈등은 해결되지 않고 지속되고 있다. 이주로 인해 발생하는 복합적인 문제는 세대를 거치면서 여전히 진행되고 있다. 이 영화는 이러한 문제들을 부각시키고 또 해결해야할 과제로 제시하고 있다. After World War II, Germany needed a lot more labor force in the wake of the nation's sudden economic growth. For this reason, a large number of Turkish workers were invited to Germany. The film "Almanya: Welcome to Germany (Almanya: Willkommen in Deutschland, 2011)" produced by Turkish immigrants dramatizes the question of identity for Turkish guest workers in Germany. The family dealt with in this film is a family of Turkish immigrants who assimilated themselves to German society and live a successful life. The members of the Turkish immigrants have various identities depending on the ages and they become less aware that they are Turks. On paper they have become German citizens, but the question of whether Germans actually recognize them as the German people is not dealt with in the film. But from their point of view, they have assimilated well to Germany and are no longer categorized as the Turkish people. Through this film, I examined the difficulty felt by the three generations of Turkish migrants and how the issue of migration is discussed. The first-generation Hussein thinks that he is still a Turk, but the second-generation children are bothered to refer to such an issue and the third-generation Cenk often finds himself as a German, But in this movie, the relationship with the Germans unfortunately disappeared. Therefore, there is no direct socio-cultural conflict with the Germans, and the issue of a hijab and honor killings is slightly mentioned. Their assumption that these families have assimilated to German life is their stance, not to mention their relationship with the Germans. The problem of migration is still a matter of grave concern among the different generations of the immigrants.