Effect of surface sealant on surface roughness of dental composite with different surface roughness

신동아,진선주,배꽃별,황인남 대한턱관절교합학회 2023 구강회복응용과학지 Vol.39 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of surface sealants on the surface roughness of composite resins. Materials and Methods: The study used microfilled composite resin (Metafil CX, Sun Medical Co.) and hybrid composite resin (Aelite™ LS posterior, Bisco). Sixty specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in height) of each composite resin type were prepared and divided into 3 groups. Each specimen was ground with 600, 1000, and 2000-grit sandpaper. The Surface roughness (Ra) values were measured using a surface roughness tester (SJ-301, Mytutoyo) before and after surface sealant application. Surface sealants, BisCover™ LV (Bisco), Optiguard® (Kerr), and Seal-n-Shine™ (Pulpdent), were applied to the specimens, as instructed and observed by scanning electron microscope (JSM-7500, JEOL) and atomic force microscope (MultiMode IV, Veeco Instruments). Results: Specimens ground with 600-grit sandpaper coated with surface sealants exhibited significantly lower Ra values than the untreated group (P < 0.05). Specimens ground with 1000 and 2000-grit sandpaper showed statistically no difference. There was no significant difference in surface roughness among BisCover™ LV, Optiguard®, and Seal-n-Shine™. SEM and AFM revealed remarkably decreased micro-defects on the surfaces of composite resins after surface sealant application. Conclusion: Surface sealants can influence surface roughness when applied on the rough surface of composite resins but not on highly polished composite resins.

요추간반 탈출증으로 인한 마미총 증후군

신동아,공민호,진동규,조용은,윤도흠,김영수 대한신경외과학회 2002 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.32 No.3

Objective:Acute cauda equina syndrome secondary to lumbar disc herniation is a rare clinical entity, but its sequelae such as bladder and sexual dysfunction are too severe to overlook. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between surgical timing and outcome. Methods:Between 1994 and 1999, 43 patients(34 male and 9 female), ranging in age from 19 to 67 years(mean:44.5), were operated due to acute cauda equina syndrome secondary to lumbar disc herniation. All presented with bladder and bowel dysfunction;36(83.7%) had motor weakness and 32(74.4%) had sensory deficit. The levels of herniations were L4/5 in 16 patients, L5/S1 in 10 and L3/4 in 5. Results:The time to surgery from the onset of the symptom ranged from less than 24 hours to more than 14 days;10 patients underwent surgery within 48 hours of onset. The mean follow-up period was 54 months. In motor function recovery, there was no significant difference, but in bladder and sexual functions, there was significant difference according to the duration of symptoms before surgery. Conclusion:In acute cauda equina syndrome, emergency decompression surgery should be done. The outcome is good in patients operated within 48 hours compared to those treated more than 48 hours after the onset of the syndrome. Key words:Acute cauda equina syndrome;Herniated lumbar disc;Neurogenic bladder;Outcome.

소뇌충부에 발생한 신경절교종

신동아,양국희,김태성,최중언 대한신경외과학회 2002 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.32 No.3

We present a case of ganglioglioma in the cerebellar vermis. A 2-year-old boy presented with symptoms and signs of raised intracranial pressure and the physical examination revealed large head and developmental delay. Magnetic resonance image demonstrated a hypointense mass in the cerebellar vermis on T1-weighted image with heterogeneous enhancement after gadolinium administration, mimicking a malignant tumor. A gross total resection was performed and pathologic findings demonstrated a ganglioglioma. There was no evidence of recurrence of the tumor during 16 months follow up period. Key words:Ganglioglioma;Cerebellum.

요추간판탈출증의 수술 전 보존적 치료 기간과 각종 수술 방법의 과학적 근거에 대한 분석

신동아,김은상,임승철 대한척추신경외과학회 2009 Neurospine Vol.6 No.3

Background: The purpose of this study was 1) to review the length of an adequate period of conservative treatment and the appropriate surgical indications for herniated lumbar disc (HLD), 2) to collate the scientific evidences on surgeries for HLD, and 3) to collect expert opinions on HLD. Methods: We searched for articles in PubMed, the Cochrane Library and KoreaMed up to 1 October 2008, and these articles were concerned with the natural history of HDL, systemic reviews of HDL and expert opinions on HLD. We also searched for meta-analyses and randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or QRCTs) of surgery for HLD. We performed a meta-analysis using the Cochrane method. The survey consisting of 21 questions was delivered to all the members of the Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Society (KSNS) via E-mail. Results: A total of 59 articles were included in this study. There were 16 articles concerning the period of conservative management and the surgical indications. Among the 33 articles on surgery for HLD, there were 4 meta-analyses, 27 RCTs, and 2 QRCTs. Among the 938 members of the KSNS, 72 responded to the survey. A minimum of 1 to 3 months of conservative management was the most preferred answer (58%), followed by a conservative management period of less than 1 month (33%). Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy was more preferred by the hospitals that specialized in spinetreatment than by the university hospitals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Conservative management for a minimum of 2 weeks to 3 months is recommended for patients with tolerable pain only. The patients with neurological compromise or intolerable pain should be considered for surgery. There is strong evidence on the relative effectiveness of surgical discectomy versus chemonucleolysis versus placebo. There is no scientific evidence on the effectiveness of any other form of minimally invasive procedure. Background: The purpose of this study was 1) to review the length of an adequate period of conservative treatment and the appropriate surgical indications for herniated lumbar disc (HLD), 2) to collate the scientific evidences on surgeries for HLD, and 3) to collect expert opinions on HLD. Methods: We searched for articles in PubMed, the Cochrane Library and KoreaMed up to 1 October 2008, and these articles were concerned with the natural history of HDL, systemic reviews of HDL and expert opinions on HLD. We also searched for meta-analyses and randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (RCTs or QRCTs) of surgery for HLD. We performed a meta-analysis using the Cochrane method. The survey consisting of 21 questions was delivered to all the members of the Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Society (KSNS) via E-mail. Results: A total of 59 articles were included in this study. There were 16 articles concerning the period of conservative management and the surgical indications. Among the 33 articles on surgery for HLD, there were 4 meta-analyses, 27 RCTs, and 2 QRCTs. Among the 938 members of the KSNS, 72 responded to the survey. A minimum of 1 to 3 months of conservative management was the most preferred answer (58%), followed by a conservative management period of less than 1 month (33%). Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy was more preferred by the hospitals that specialized in spinetreatment than by the university hospitals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Conservative management for a minimum of 2 weeks to 3 months is recommended for patients with tolerable pain only. The patients with neurological compromise or intolerable pain should be considered for surgery. There is strong evidence on the relative effectiveness of surgical discectomy versus chemonucleolysis versus placebo. There is no scientific evidence on the effectiveness of any other form of minimally invasive procedure.

Posterior Atlantoaxial Fixation with Lateral Mass Screw in the Atlas and Pedicle Screw in the Axis

신동아,김긍년,윤도흠 대한신경외과학회 2003 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.34 No.5

Objective:The authors report the successful use of a recently described technique of posterior fixation of the C1 lateral mass and the C2 pedicle with polyaxial screws and rods. Methods : After posterior exposure of the C1-C2 complex, the polyaxial screws were inserted into the lateral mass of C1 and the pedicle of C2 with the guidance of anatomic landmarks and fluoroscopy. Then, the pedicle screws of each side were linked with a rod. Because the C1-C2 pedicle screw fixation was sufficiently rigid, an additional posterior wiring or structural bone graft is unnecessary. Results : The early clinical and radiologic follow-up data indicated solid fusion of C1 and C2 vertebrae with no observed neural or vascular damage related to this technique. Conclusion : The posterior fixation of the C1-C2 complex using polyaxial screws and rods seems to be a reliable technique and an efficient alternative to the more commonly accepted procedures. Key words:Atlantoaxial instability;Atlantoaxial fixation;Polyaxial screw.

고콜레스테롤식이와 솔잎분말 첨가식이 섭취 시 수영운동이 혈중 콜레스테롤 및 염증성 사이토카인에 미치는 영향

신동아,서효빈,정석호,남주옥,최승식,김도헌,권태동 한국체육과학회 2020 한국체육과학회지 Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine how a pine needle powder-added diet and swimming exercise influence blood profile and inflammatory cytokine in a high cholesterol diet. 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats were made to practice a pine needle powder-added diet and swimming exercise along with a high cholesterol diet for six weeks. Concerning the results of blood lipids, the TG content was significantly low in the HCPNE, and LDL-C was significantly high in the EX compared with the CON and EX and HDL-C was s tatistically s ignificantly high in the EX. According to the results of TNF-α concentration in the change of inflammatory cytokine, the HC, HCE, and HCPN indicated significantly higher concentration than the CON and EX, and according to the results of NFκB concentration, no significant difference was found. According to the results of IL-6 concentration, compared with the CON, the EX and HCPNE were found to be significantly low. herefore, according to the results of this study, the exercise and pine needle powder-added diet activated AMPK and the acceleration of blood profile as the result of the, and this led to the decrease of fat synthesis. Moreover, regarding the results of pine needle powder intake in the diet, pharmacological compounds contained in pine needles such as phenols and flavonoids are thought to influence blood profile, anti-inflammatory positively. This author deems that the results of this study provide foundational material regarding the influence of exercise and pine needle powder-added diet’s complex treatment on anti-obesity improvements.

A Case of Extensive Spinal Cysticercosis Involving the Whole Spinal Canal in a Patient with a History of Cerebral Cysticercosis

신동아,신현철 연세대학교의과대학 2009 Yonsei medical journal Vol.50 No.4

Although cysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease affecting the central nervous system, spinal cysticercosis is rare. A rare form of spinal cysticercosis involving the whole spinal canal is presented. A 45-year-old Korean male had a history of intracranial cysticercosis and showed progressive paraparesis. Spinal magnetic resonance scan showed multiple cysts compressing the spinal cord from C1 to L1. Three different levels (C1-2, T1-3, and T11-L1) required operation. Histopathological examination confirmed cysticercosis. The patient improved markedly after surgery.

척추통증의 비수술 중재적 치료

신동아,김형일 대한의사협회 2014 대한의사협회지 Vol.57 No.4

Spinal pain is a common symptom that motivates visiting a physician. However, the natural course is usuallybenign and few patients need invasive treatment. Even though history taking, neurological examination, andimaging studies provide useful information for understanding the etiology of spinal pain, the pain chart is themost important tool for decision making regarding spinal interventions. Invasive treatments for chronic spinal painrefractory to conservative management include surgery as well as established interventions such as medial branchblocks, nerve root blocks, the sacroiliac joint block, and radiofrequency neurotomy, as well as emerging proceduressuch as pressure-controlled discography and percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis. Surgery should be considered forpatients with a progressive neurologic deficit including significant radiculopathy, failure of spinal interventions, oran uncertain or serious diagnosis.

Spinal Cord Tumors of the Thoracolumbar Junction Requiring Surgery: A Retrospective Review of Clinical Features and Surgical Outcome

신동아,김상현,김긍년,신현철,윤도흠 연세대학교의과대학 2007 Yonsei medical journal Vol.48 No.6

Purpose: A retrospective review of medical records and imaging studies. To investigate characteristic clinical features and surgical outcomes of spinal cord tumors (SCTs) of the thoracolumbar junction (TLJ). The spinal cord transitions to the cauda equina in the TLJ. The TLJ contains the upper and lower motor neurons of the spinal cord and cauda equina. As a result, the clinical features of lesions in the TLJ vary, and these anatomical characteristics may affect surgical outcome. Materials and Methods: Pathological diagnosis, clinical features, neurological signs, and surgical outcomes were investigated in 76 patients surgically treated at our institute for SCTs arising from T11 to L2. The patients were divided into epiconus (T11-12, n=18) and conus groups (L1-2, n=58). Results: Patients in the epiconus group had hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (DTRs), while those in the conus group had hypoactive DTRs (p<0.05). Nine patients were misdiagnosed with intervertebral disc diseases (IVDs) before correct diagnoses were made. It was impossible to definitively determine the exact cause of symptoms in four patients who had both SCTs and IVDs. Conclusion: Among SCTs of the TLJ, the epiconus group displayed upper motor neuron syndrome and the conus group displayed lower motor neuron syndrome. SCTs of the TLJ were frequently misdiagnosed as IVDs due to symptomatic similarities. SCTs of the TLJ should be included in differential diagnosis of back and leg pain, and it is highly recommended that routine lumbar magnetic resonance imaging include the TLJ.

한국의 자기공명영상검사 건강보험정책

신동아 대한의사협회 2021 대한의사협회지 Vol.64 No.3

On August 9, 2017, the government announced a policy to strengthen health insurance coverage. The main goal is to increase the health insurance coverage rate and lower the national medical expense burden by an average of 18% by 2022. This policy was proposed without consulting doctors, a major medical care provider, and raised the impression of populism. It is a concern that this policy may place an additional financial burden on the medical clinics, which are already suffering due to poor financial circumstances. Although the policy is already in progress, it is necessary to carefully review whether the government and the medical community can afford it in terms of the national healthcare financial burden and the implementation possibility of this policy. There is no disagreement on the efficient supply of qualified medical care. However, it must be a sustainable system in Korea. Simply increasing the coverage rate does not increase the quality of healthcare. This study aims to analyze the government's health insurance policy for magnetic resonance imaging tests and suggest proper countermeasures.