중.고등학생(中.高等學生)의 체격(體格)에 관(關)한 회귀분석(回歸分析)

송달효,Song, Dal-Hyo 대한예방의학회 1974 예방의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

대구시내 중고등학교에 재학중인 12세에서 17세 사이의 남학생 360명을 대상으로 체격을 측정하여 체격의 대표치라고 할 수 있는 신장을 독립변수로 하고 년령 증가에 따라 변화가 뚜렷한 11가지의 체격치 (체중, 흉위, 좌고, 하지장, 대퇴장, 대퇴위, 하퇴장, 상지장, 상박장, 전박위 및 피부두겹두께)를 각각 종속변수로 하여 회귀분석을 하고 결정 계수를 산출 하였다. 회귀분석의 결과를 보면 회귀계수는 신장에 대한 체중의 회귀계수가 0.90으로 가장컸으며 피부 두겹 두께의 회귀계수가 0.09로서 가장 작았다. 대개 측정치가 크면 회귀계수도 컸으나 그 관계가 꼭 일정하지는 않았다. 직선이나 곡선의 회귀관계에서 두 변량의 관계 표현의 적합도를 나타내는 결정계수는 대퇴장과 피부 두겹 두께의 경우를 제외하면 거의 모두 1에 가까워서 이들은 직선의 회귀방정식으로서도 두 체격치사이의 관계를 무리없이 표현할수 있었으며 특히 피부두겹두께의 경우에는 측정과정에서 일어나는 오차가 전체에 미치는 영향이 상당히 커서 일차회귀로서는 표현이 아무래도 미흡함을 알수 있었다. The physical status (standing height, body weight, chest girth, sitting height, length of leg, length of thigh, thigh girth, length of crus, length of arm, brachial length, antebrachial girth and skinfold thickness) of 360 healthy middle and high school boys aged between 12 and 17 years in Taegu area was measured and evaluated by means of dispersion. For regression equation and coefficient ofidetermination of each status against standing height were computed. The growth progress of physical status had a tendency to be exponential and, generally, between 13 and 14 years of age the fastest progress was observed. The regression coefficient of body weight against standing height (0.90) was largest and that of skinfold thickness against standing height (0.09) was smallest. In general, the dimension of the regression coefficient was accordant with the dimension of respective physical status. Except in length of thigh and skinfold thickness, coefficient of determination of each physical status against standing height was almost 1 and the regression line could express the relation between standing height and each physical status very satisfactorily. But the regression curve was more desirable for the elucidation of the relation between standing height and skinfold thickness.

한국인의 비예기항체 빈도와 분포

송달효,문인석,홍석주,박재학,김종규,전동석 大韓輸血學會 1998 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

적혈구 농축제재에서 HBV DNA의 노출정도

송달효,김정숙,이채훈 영남대학교 의과대학 1995 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.12 No.2

수혈 후 B형 간염 바이러스의 전파를 감소시키기 위한 방법으로 현재 적십자 혈액원에서 공급되는 적혈구 농축제재를 대상으로 HBV DNA, HBsAg, anti-HBs 및 anti-HBs를 측정하여 수혈자에서 HBV DNA의 노출정도와 HBV DNA 와 B형 바이러스 간염의 혈청학적 표지자와의 관련성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 대구 적십자 혈액원에서 공급되는 적혈구 농축제재에서는 HBsAg이 검출되지 않았으며, HBV DNA는 0.6%에서 검출되었는데, 모두 anti-HBc 만 양성인 경우였다. Anti-HBc양성률은 37%였으며, 이들중 65.8%에서 anti-HBc도 양성으로 나타나 anti-HBc만 양성인 경우는 공혈혈액의 13.0% 정도로 추정되었다. 따라서, 우리나라와 같이 anti-HBc양성률이 높은 지역에서는 anti-HBs를 추가하는 경우 13%의 혈액제제만을 폐기함으로써 HBV DNA의 전파를 차단시킬수 있으리라 생각되며 현재 실시하고 있는 검사보다 예민도와 특이도가 높은 선별검사의 개발이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. Assays for HBsAg, HBV DNA, anti-HBc and anti-HBs of 285 units of packed red blood cells supplied by Taegu Red Cross Blood Center were performed to evaluate the correlation between the prevalence of HBV DNA and serologic markers for hepatitis B virus. None of 285 plasma samples was positive for HBsAg, however, HBV DNA were detected by polymerase chain reaction in 2 samples which both presented only with anti-HBc positivity. Of 204 samples tested for anti-HBs, 96 samples(47.1%) were positive and among 216 samples tested for anti-HBc, 80(41.1%) were all negative and 48(24.9%) were positive on both tests. Those samples which showed positivity only to anti-HBc were 25(13.0%). Considering the above results, transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection could be prevented by discarding anti-HBc positive blood, however, that may bring insufficient supply of donor bloods in the country like Korea where the prevalence of anti-HBc is high. Anti-HBc positive blood unequivocally positive for anti-HBs should be considered noninfectious for HBV and should be allowed to be transfused. It would reduce the amount of discarding donor blood as the routine blood as the routine blood donor screening tests presently used at Korea Red Cross Blood Center supplemented by anti-HBs and anti-HBc testing.

5-Fluorouracil이 腸粘膜에 미치는 病理組織學的 變化에 對한 實驗 硏究

宋達孝 충남대학교 대학원 1975 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The histopathological changes in the intestinal mucosa after 5-Fluorouracil, 200㎎/㎏ body weight, intraperitoneal injection were investigated, and the results obtained were as follows. 1. The retrogressive changes in the glandular and surface epithelium were most prominent at 3rd and 4th day after the drug administration. 2. The decrease of the goblet cells in the intestinal mucosa was in peak after 3rd and 4th experimental day, and the cells were completely disappeared from the mucosa. 3 The atrophic changes of the villi of the small intestine were more marked in the 3-4 day after drug administration. 4. The mitotic figures in the intestinal cryptal cells were significantly increased in numbers after 3 days in the colon and 6 days in the small intestine, respectively. 5. The dysplastic changes in the intestinal mucosa were appeared from 3rd to 7th experimental day and thereafter disappeared.

5-Fluorouracil이 腸粘膜에 미치는 病理組織學的 變化에 對한 實驗 硏究

宋達孝,李泰淑 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1974 충남의대잡지 Vol.1 No.1

The histopathological changes in the intestinal mucosa after 5-Fluorouracil 200mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal injection were investigated, and the results obtained were as follows: 1. The retrogressive changes in the glandular and surface epithelium were most prominent at 3rd and 4th day after the drug admininistration. 2. The decrease of the goblet cells in the intestinal mucosa was in peak after 3rd and 4th experimenal day, and the cells were completely disappeared from the mucosa. 3. The atrophic changes of the villi of the small intestine were more marked in the 3-4 day after drug administration 4. The mitotic figures in the intestinal cryptal cells were significantly increased in numbers after 3 days in the colon and 6 days in the small intestine, respectively. 5. The dysplastic changes in the intestinal mucosa were appeared from 3rd to 7th experimental day and thereafter disappeared.

Phenobarbital 前處置가 Dimethylnitrosamine의 白鼠 肝의 中毒性 病變에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

宋達孝 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1977 충남의대잡지 Vol.4 No.2

Dimethylnitrosamine, potent hepatotoxic and carcinogenic agent, is metabolized mainly in the liver, and its hepatotoxic action is influenced by the administration of phenobarbital which is inducer of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme. In an effort to gather pathological data of the above, intraperitioneal injections of phenobarbital(l00mg/kg, for 3 successive days) were given daily to male albino rats and then 60 mg, 50 mg, 40 mg, and 30 mg of dimethylnitrosarmine in physiologic saline solution intraperitoneally. The mortality and hepatotoxicity in the experimental groups were as follows: 1. Mortality in 60 mg, 50 mg, 40 mg, and 30 mg-injected rats indicated 80%, 50%, 40%, and 15%, whereas phenobarbital pretreated rats in corresponding group sustained 25%, 25%, 15%, and 5% of death rate, respectively. 2. The rats given 60 mg and 50 mg of DMN, cause acute massive hemorrhagic necrosis in the liver, and the necrotic changes were more extensive and intensive in the early experimental days, and progressed with lessened thereafter. The phenobarbital pretreated groups were less intensive in their lesion and fastened their recovery than DMN-injected groups. 3. Necrotic changes in the 40 mg and 30 mg of DMN-injected groups developed mild to moderate degree in the first experimental day and got worse successive 1∼2 days, whereas in phenobarbital pretreated group the lesions were more mild and shortened their course than those in DMN-injected groups. 4. Hepatic fibrosis in both DMN-injected and phenobarbital pretreated groups developed around the date when necrotic changes were subsiding, but in phenobarbital pretreated groups were less intensive and shorter course than each corresponding DMN-injected group.

헌혈자와 비헌혈자의 헌혈에 대한 지식, 태도 및 동기에 대한 비교

신재학,사공준,김석범,김창윤,강복수,정종학,송달효 영남대학교 의과대학 1989 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.6 No.2

일부 가두 및 단체 헌혈자와 헌혈 미경험자들의 헌혈에 대한 태도, 지식 및 동기 등을 비교조사하기 위해 1989년 3월1일부터 3월 31일까지 대구적십자 혈액원 소속 가두헌혈차를 방문하여 헌혈한 사람과 동기관에서 실시한 단체헌혈캠페인의 헌혈자 622명과 가두 헌혈차를 방문하여 헌혈을 거부하였거나 단체헌혈캠페인에서 거부한 322명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문서를 이용하여 조사분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 헌혈자군은 남자가 84.1%, 여자 15.9%였고 비헌혈자군은 남자 73.6%, 여자 26.4%였고 16-24세군이 헌혈자군 63.2%, 비헌혈자군 72.7%를 차지하였다. 그외 교육정도, 직업분포, 종교, 가구당 월수입, 결혼상태 및 건강상태의 분포도 헌혈자군과 비헌혈자군이 유사하였다. 헌혈에 관한 정보습득 매체는 TV가 헌혈자군 75.2%, 비헌혈자군 78.9%로 가장 많았고, 헌혈차직원, 라디오, 신문 순이었다. 잡지를 통한 정보습득이 헌혈자군에서 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 헌혈자군의 70.6%, 비헌혈자군의 58.1%가 헌혈을 권유받은 적이 있다고 대답했으며(p<0.01), 권유의 근원은 두군 모두에서 친구가 가장 많았고 헌혈차직원이 그 다음이었다. 헌혈 및 혈액에 관한 지식측정 문항 중 정답률이 가장 높은 것은 "혈액의 생성 및 소멸"에 관한 것이었으며 오답률이 가장 높았던 문항은 "수혈을 통한 암전파 가능"이었다. 헌혈자군의 평균정답률은 62.6%였고 비헌혈자군은 54.1%로 뚜렷한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 그리고 교육수준이 높을수록 정답률도 높아지는 경향이었다. 헌혈에 대한 태도측정 문항중에서 "혈액에 대한 느낌", "수혈을 가정한 혈액선택" 및 "혈액부족상황에 대한 견해"가 헌혈자군과 비헌혈자군 사이에 태도의 차이가 있었다(p<0.05) 헌혈자군과 비헌혈자군에서 헌혈의 가장 큰 동기는 "예치성 동기"였고 그 다음이 "인도주의적 이유"이었다. 헌혈에 응하지 않은 이유의 분포는 헌혈자군과 비헌혈자군 모두에서 "주사침공포", "헌혈차나 혈액원 방문이 두렵다" 그리고 " 현혈이 건강이나 활동에 지장" 등의 순으로 중요한 이유였다. 이상의 소견으로 보아 헌혈에 대한 홍보 및 계몽활동시 잡지를 이용하는 방안이 더욱 고려 되어야겠으며 홍보내용은 위의 지식측정문항중 오답률이 높은 것과 헌혈에 응하지 않은 이유중 잘못 인식하고 있는 부분에 대해 중점적으로 다뤄져야겠으며 각종 두려움에 관한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 다회 헌혈자의 비중을 높여야겠다. This study was conducted to compare the date on knowledge, attitude and motivation toward blood donation between donors and nondonors. The study population included 622 donors and 322 nondonors who visited the mobile blood donation car of Taegu Red Cross Blood Center and participated the group appointed blood donation campaign managed by the center from March 1 to March 31, 1989. The donors and nondonors were questioned above mentioned items with a formulated questionnaire. Among the general characteristics of the subjects in the study, male predominace (84.1% in donors and 73.6% in nondonors) in young age group(16-24 years)was the outstanding feature. As a medium of information about blood donation, "television" was playing a dominant role(donors ; 75.2%, nondonors ; 78.9%), while "magazine" played more important roles among donors. Of the donors, 70.6% and ofthe nondonors, 58.1% replieb that they had ever been induced to donate blood(p<0.01). Major inducers were friend and personnel of mobile blood donation vehicle. On the measuring of knowledge level, the average rates of correct answer was higher in donors(62.6%) than in nondonors(54.1%) (p<0.01). Higher the education level was presented, higher the knowledge level(p<0.05). There have been noticeable difference between donors and nondonors in blood replying the questionnaire set to measure their attitude toward blood donation, especially in the items such as "impression toward blood", "selection of transfusion blood source" and "view on the situation of blood shortage." The major motivation toward blood donation of the groups were "possible future need" and "altruism or humanitarian interest." The major reasons for not donation blood in both groups were " fear of the needle" and "dread to visit to mobile car or center."

保健所機能 標準化作業 및 保健所와 支所의 均衡있는 開發策 : 農村保健所를 中心으로

李性寬,宋達孝 최신의학사 1977 最新醫學 Vol.20 No.7

Since the commencement of the activities of the health centers there have been many problems inherent in the system. Namely health centers have excluded the medical care function from -their list of activities and it is this function which is most eagerly desired by the community at large. So the function has not been sufficient to solve the health needs of communities in our country. Therefore, the health center has not been able to really take roots in the community in our, country. Even though the health centers have conducted public health measures for the prevention of diseases the community has never appreciated these endeavors due to a lack of -understanding about health in general. The health center should accordingly be renewed from :its old stagnant activities and be reactivated to perform new tasks including medical care. Indeed the government has changed the health center with performing these tasks including providing medical care to low. income persons beginning this year. The duties and responsibilities of the health center are therefore of very great importance. The function of the health center should be based on community needs. It is highly desirable then to establish new functions and strengthen old functions of the health center in order to fulfill the health needs of the community. Also it would be desirable to create a local community .organization to inform the people that the health center is their own agency and that would act for their own health maintenance and promotion. The function of the health center should include: 1. Medical care 2. Local health planning -based on health needs of the community 3. Community health organization including participation of residents 4. Health organization in coordination with outside health facilities 5. Supervision, guidance and training for health workers at health sub-center 6. Functions concerning environmental sanitation including food sanitation 7. Evaluation The function of the health sub-center should be: 1. Primary medical care, patient case finding and referral to high level facilities 2. Comprehensive health services based on household unit 3. Collection of vital statistics to evaluate the project programs 4. Cooperating with local residents 5. Guidance concerning health matters in every day life To improve the function of the health center it would be desirable to provide a competent staffs, a sufficient financial support, installation of modern equipments and unification of the administrative channels. To improve the efficiency of personal health services to the community at the health sub center it would be desirable to establish a place where health care could be easily delivered to the community.

동결침전제제의 용해후 저장온도와 시간에 따른 Fibrinogen과 제 8혈액응고인자의 변동

김영재,전효진,전동석,김재룡,송달효 대한임상병리학회 1992 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.12 No.3

공혈자 혈액에서의 C형간염 항체 검출율

김재룡,전동석,박승국,송달효 大韓輸血學會 1990 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.1 No.1