만성 실질성 간질환 환자 혈청에서 Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor 및 Angiogenin 농도의 변동

백인규(In Kyu Paik),이숭환(Soong Hwan Lee),조윤주(Yun Ju Cho),이성희(Sung Hee Lee),김홍주(Hong Ju Kim),남승우(Seung Woo Nam),고희관(Hee Kwan Koh),이창범(Chang Beom Lee),박동일(Dong Il Park),조영중(Yong Jung Cho) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.6

N/A Background/Aims: Liver fibrosis by the progression of the chronic process of the liver disease induces deformed microcirculations of the hepatic lobules and this eventually resulted in portal hypertension. Angiogenic stimulant factors are physiologically activated in order to repair the tissue damage. Overexpression of angiogenic factors, however, can stimulate neovascularization as in a formation of the hypervascular tumor that liberates uncontrolled overgrowing of the tumor cells. To elucidate the dynamic changes of the serum concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and angiogenin in chronic liver diseases, this study is intended to employ an ELISA out of pathologically proven patients. Methods: Sera taken out of the 44 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis(5 cases), chronic active hepatitis(6 cases), liver cirrhosis(19 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma(14 cases) were tested for bFGF and angiogenin employing Quantikine' ELISA Kits (R & D Systems Inc. Minneapolis, MN) that pathological diagnosis was proven )ater. The statistical analysis was evaluated by students t-test. Results: Serum mean value and standar<I error of bFGF concentration(pg/ml) was 11.851.98 in 19 cases of liver cirrhosis, 9.86+2.35 in 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 9.48+4.57 in 6 cases of chronic active hepatitis, and 8.29+2.63 in 5 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis. Mean value and standard error of angiogenin concentration (ng/ml) of the sera was 238.92+50.95 in 5 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis, 184.47+12.75 in 6 cases of chronic active bepatitis, 131.36+10.99 in 19 cases of liver cirrhosis, and 211.03+19.08 in 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. Serum angiogenin concentration in liver cirrhosis was significantly lower than that in chronic persistent hepatitis(p=0.0033(I), and than that in chronic active hepatitis(p=0.018673). Angiogenin concentration in hepatocellular carcinoma was very significantly elevated, when compared with the level of the liver cirrhosis investigated (p=0.000569). Conclusions: These data suppoit that persistent inflammatory insults in chronic hepatitis were compensated by the elevation of angiogenin, but complete fibrosis as in liver cirrhosis showed the depressed level of angiogenin. Again, emerging of the hepatocellular carcinoma is accompanying with the elevated stitnuli of angiogenin for the neovascularization. In contrast, bFGF in this study was statistically not significant but may be related with fibrosis and reconstruction of microvascular system accompanying with progression of chronic parenchymal liver diseases to liver cirrhosis.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:806-814)

합성피혁 스킨용 폴리우레탄 수분산체의 제조 및 primerless 접착 특성 연구

김은지,백인규,박재형,Kim, Eun Ji,Paik, In Kyu,Park, Jae Hyung 한국섬유공학회 2017 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Shoes, made up of an upper shoe, insole, and outsole, are manufactured by adhering each of the parts together. It has been proven that pre-treating each of these parts greatly improves the adhesive strength when adhering them together. However, harmful materials such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often emitted from organic solvents during pre-treatment, causing environmental concerns such as air pollution in the workplace. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a water-based polyurethane skin resin for fabricating a synthetic leather and textile adhesive that has greater adhesive strength and does not require pre-treatment. To achieve this, two waterborne polyurethane solutions, one with excellent thermal resistance and light fastness (waterborne polyurethane A) and the other with high adhesive strength (waterborne polyurethane B), were mixed to impart the superior characteristics of each to a third waterborne polyurethane solution. Through this approach, we were able to successfully fabricate an excellent waterborne leather polyurethane resin with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) for midsoles (peel strength: 2.9 kgf/cm) and for rubber out-soles (peel strength: 2.4 kgf/cm) without using pre-treatment.

피혁산업 부산물에 의한 용존 Au(3) 제거 특성

김근한 ( Keun Han Kim ),백인규 ( In Kyu Paik ),장윤영 ( Yoon Young Chang ),양재규 ( Jae Kyu Yang ) 한국수처리학회 2010 한국수처리학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Starch를 원료로 알데하이드 탄닝제의 제조 공정 연구

박재형(Jae Hyung Park),백인규(In Kyu Paik),윤종국(Jong Kuk Yun),조도광(Do Kwang Cho),정운길(Woon Gil Jung) 한국청정기술학회 2005 청정기술 Vol.11 No.1

피혁용 크롬 대체 친환경 유제 공정 처리제 제조 및 응용

박재형(Jae Hyung park),백인규(In Kyu Paik),윤종국(Jong Kuk Yun),조도광(Do Kwang Cho),조남수(Nam Soo Cho) 한국청정기술학회 2005 청정기술 Vol.11 No.2

피혁물로부터 동물성 유지와 단백질의 호l수 및 재자원화 기술 연구

윤종국(Jong-Kook Yun),백인규(In-Kyu Paik),조도광(Do-Kwang Cho),박재형(Jae-Hyung Park),최주현(Ju-Hyun Choi) 유기성자원학회 2002 유기물자원화 Vol.10 No.3

Each kinds of the leather process wastes which is occurred in the leather making process is almost more than 50% on the basis of the raw hide. The emitted process wastes are important oil and fars and prorein resources because they are composed of animal oil and fats and fìbrous protein. But most of them are incinεrate or filled up simply as the indusuial wastes without applying to recycling into the other use. Thus the ptoblems of environmental pollution are becoming more crirical and the processing cost of the leather process wastes (40,OOO~ 60,OOO won) is a heavy burden on the production cost. Because the organic wastes such as f1eshing scrap, pelt scrap are high fetid, irs unlawful abandonment without being processed properly causes the occurrence of secondary pollution byan offensive odor and leakage of waste water. Thus we made the re-resource experiments in order to resolve this problems. The principal comems of this srudy are to process the collecred leather wasre scrape through separate the oil and far ingrediems with varlous properη by processing various chemicals and enzymes on rhe next effecror. The re-resource application of separated oil and fat ingrediems produced chemical for leather applicable ro manufacturing process of leather through chemical transformation process(sulphation reaction, sulphitation reaction etc.) of oil and fats. 피혁 제조 공정에서 발생되는 각종 피혁 가공 폐기물의 발생율은 원료피 기준 거의 50% 이상이며 배출되는 피혁 가공 폐기물들은 50% 이상의 수분을 함유한 동물성 유지 및 섬유상 단백질로 구성되어 있어 귀중한 유지 및 단백질 자원임에도 불구하고 다른 용도로의 재활용 적용 없이 대부분 산업 폐기물로 소각하거나 단순 매립 처리하고 있다. 이로 인해 이 들 피혁 가공 폐기물에 의한 환경오염 문제가 날로 심각해져 가고 있는 실정 이며 피혁 가공폐기물에 대한 과다한 처리비용(4만원 ~6만원/Ton)으로 생산 원가 측면에 서도 큰 부담이 되고 있다. 더욱이 Fleshing scrap, Pelt scrap과 같은 유기성 폐기물의 경우는 부패성이 높아 적절하게 처리되지 않고 불법투기될 경우에 발생하는 악취, 오수 누출 등에 의한 2차 오염이 발생됨으로 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 재자원화 실험을 실시하여 유지 및 단백질의 재회수 기술 개발과 이를 이용한 재 자원화 기술 개발로 피혁 처리용 약품을 제조하였다.

피혁산업 부산물에 의한 용존 중금속 제거 특성

김근한(Keun Han Kim),이남희(Nam Hee Lee),백인규(In Kyu Paik),박재형(Jae Hyung Park),양재규(Jae Kyu Yang) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.5

본 연구에서는 가죽 생산 공정 중 원피 무게의 50% 이상 고형 폐기물로 발생하는 콜라겐 단백질의 섬유 기재에 미모사(Catechol Tannin) 및 채스트넛(Pyrogallol Tannin)과 같은 식물성 탄닌물질을 다양한 조건에서 고정화시킨 10 가지 다른 종류의 바이오 흡착제를 제조하였다. 제조한 각 바이오 흡착제들의 중금속 제거용 흡착제로서의 성능 평가를 위하여 Cu(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ) 이온을 함유한 인공 오염수를 사용하여 다양한 반응 조건에서의 회분식 실험을 실시하였으며, 중금속들의 제거 특성을 규명하였다. 미모사를 탄닌물질로 사용하여 콜라겐에 고정화 반응을 시켰을 때 섬유 번들 내부로의 미모사의 침투력은 나프탈렌계 침투제의 주입량에 비례 하였다; 3%≥1.5%>0%. 모든 바이오 흡착제들에서 pH₃.0 이하에서는 중금속 이온들의 제거는 거의 일어나지 않았으나 pH 3.0 이상에서 중금속의 제거율이 급격히 발생하였으며 Zn(Ⅱ)을 제외한 나머지 중금속이온들은 pH 6.0 이상에서는 거의 완전히 제거되었다. Cr(Ⅲ)의 경우에는 바이오 흡착제 종류별 제거량이 매우 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 Cu(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ)의 제거에서는 축합형 탄닌(미모사)에 비해 이온결합이 가능한 다량의 카르복실기를 함유한 가수분해형 탄닌(채스트넛)을 사용하여 고정화시킨 바이오 흡착제에서 높은 제거 능을 보였다. S10 바이오 흡착제에 대한 Pb(Ⅱ) 및 Cu(Ⅱ) 중금속 이온들의 흡착은 이온농도가 1,000배 변화거나 경쟁이온화학종을 일하전 및 이하전 화학종을 사용하였을 때 영향을 받지 않았다. In this study, ten different bio-adsorbents were prepared by immobilization of vegetable tannins such as mimosa(Catechol Tannin) and chestnut(Pyrogallol Tannin) on the collagen matrix which was derived from during leather manufacturing processing. Removal efficiency of Cu(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ) by each bio-adsorbent in synthetic wastewater was evaluated by a laboratory-scale batch reactor at different reaction conditions. When mimosa was used as a vegetable tannin, the penetration efficiency of mimosa into the inner bundle of fiber depended on the dose of the naphthalene condensated penetrant; 3%≥1.5%>0%. For all bio-adsorbents, removal of heavy metal ions was not observed below pH 3.0 but was rapidly increased between pH 3.0 and 6.0, showing near complete removal of all heavy metal ions except Zn(Ⅱ) above pH6.0. Removal of Cr(Ⅲ) was quite similar for all bio-adsorbents while removal of Cu(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) was higher by bio-adsorbents immobilized with chestnut than that by mimosa. Adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) by S10 bio-adsorbent was little affected by the presence of monovalent and divalent electrolytes as well as variation of 1000 times ionic concentration with NaNO₃.

비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 폴리비닐알코올 / 폴리아크릴산 필름의 내수성 및 차단성 연구

김은지(Eun Ji Kim),박재형(Jae Hyung Park),백인규(In Kyu Paik) 한국청정기술학회 2012 청정기술 Vol.18 No.1

폴리비닐알코올(PVA)을 증류수를 사용하여 용액으로 만든 후, 소수성을 가지는 비닐트리에톡시실란(VTEOS)을 이용하여 개질하였다. 실란으로 개질된 PVA 용액에 폴리아크릴산(PAA)을 함량별로 넣어 제조하였다. 다양한 PAA 함량에 따라 제조된 필름으로 열적-기계적 성질, 접촉각, 수분 투과율, 산소 투과율을 측정하였다. 필름의 유리 전이 온도는 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질한 경우 약간 높아졌으나, PAA의 함량에 따른 변화는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA/ PAA 필름의 인장 강도는 9.48~10.72 kg/mm²으로 PVA와 큰 차이가 나지 않았다. 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA와 PAA의 비율이 90/10인 필름의 경우 팽윤도 198%, 용해도 10%로 측정되어 PVA에 비하여 내수성이 개선되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA와 PAA의 비율이 90/10인 필름(두께 2.5 μm)을 PET 필름(두께50 μm) 위에 코팅하여 제조된 필름의 수분 투과율과 산소 투과율은 각각 11.04 g/m²/day와 3.1 cc/m²/day로 측정되었다. Aqueous poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution was modified by using hydrophobic vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEOS) and then adding different amounts of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) to the resulting solution. Thermal and mechanical properties, contact angle, water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) and oxygen gas transmission rate (O₂TR) of the film samples fabricated by these solutions were investigated. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the VTEOS-modified films was sightly increased and the value remained unchanged according to the amount of PAA. The tensile strength of the VTEOS-modified films was found to be 9.48~10.72 kg/mm² which showed no significant difference compared with that of PVA. The film prepared with VTEOS-modified PVA/PAA (= 90/10), of which the swelling and solubility were measured to be 198% and 0%, respectively, showed improved water-resistance. The MVTR and O₂TR for the PET film (thickness 50 μm) coated with VTEOS-modified PVA/PAA (= 90/10) film (thickness 2.5 μm) were measured to be 11.04 g/m²/day and 3.1 cc/m²/day, respectively.

폴리비닐알콜/수분산 에틸렌-아크릴산 공중합체 블렌딩 필름의 내수성 및 수분/산소 차단성 연구

김은지 ( Eun Ji Kim ),박재형 ( Jae Hyung Park ),백인규 ( In Kyu Paik ) 한국공업화학회 2012 공업화학 Vol.23 No.2

에틸렌-아크릴산 공중합체(EAA)를 물에 분산시킨 후, 폴리(비닐 알코올) (PVA) 수용액과 블렌딩하여 내수성 및 차단성이 향상된 필름을 제조하였다. EAA의 함량에 따라 제조된 필름으로 열적-기계적 성질, 접촉각, 수분 투과율, 산소 투과율을 측정하였고 내수성에 대한 평가 실험도 진행하였다. 필름의 인장강도는 9.16~11.75 kg/mm2으로 PVA와 큰 차이가 없었으며, 경도의 경우는 EAA 함량에 따라 값이 점점 증가하였다. 유리전이 온도와 용융 온도는 약간 향상되었다. PVA/EAA의 비율이 90/10인 블렌딩 필름의 경우 Swelling 109%, Solubility 0%로 측정되어 PVA에 비하여 내수성이 개선되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, PVA/EAA의 비율이 90/10인 블렌딩 필름(두께 2.5 μm)을 PET 필름(두께 50 μm) 위에 코팅하여 제조된 필름의 수분 투과율과 산소 투과율은 각각 9.1 g/m2/day과 2.0 cc/m2/day으로 측정되었다. Blending films having enhanced water-resistance and barrier properties were prepared using the mixtures of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aqueous solution and poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (EAA) dispersed in water. Thermal-mechanical properties, contact angles, water-vapor transmission rates (WVTR) and oxygen transmission rates (O2TR) were measured with the content of EAA of blending films, and their water-resistance was evaluated. The tensile strength of the films was found to be 9.16~11.75 kg/mm 2 which showed no significant difference compared with that of PVA, and the hardness increased with the content of EAA. The glass transition temperature and melting temperature of the blending films were slightly improved. The film prepared with PVA/EAA (= 90/10), of which the swelling and solubility were measured to be 109 and 0%, respectively, showed improved water-resistance. The WVTR and O2TR for the PET film (thickness 50 μm) coated with PVA/EAA (= 90/10) film (thickness 2.5 μm) were measured to be 9.1 g/m 2 /day and 2.0 cc/m 2 /day, respectively.

폴리카보네이트계 및 폴리에테르계 폴리올 기반 자가치유 기능 수분산 폴리우레탄 합성과 특성

권선영 ( Seon-young Kwon ),박수용 ( Soo-yong Park ),백인규 ( In Kyu Paik ),정일두 ( Ildoo Chung ) 한국접착및계면학회 2022 접착 및 계면 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구에서는 폴리올의 혼합으로 폴리우레탄의 물성 저하를 보완하고자 하였다. 신발 및 소재 코팅용으로서 자가치유 기능을 가지는 수분산 폴리우레탄 수지를 합성하기 위해 내구성 및 내열성이 우수한 polyether 폴리올과 기계적 물성이 뛰어난 polycarbonate 폴리올을 병용하여 합성하였으며, 자가치유 기능의 부여를 위해 disulfide기를 도입하였다. 합성된 자가치유 기능 수분산 폴리우레탄은 fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)을 통해 확인되었으며, universial testing machine (UTM)과 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 측정을 통해 물리적 특성 및 자가치유 특성을 확인하였다. Polycarbonate 폴리올을 병용함으로써 인장강도 및 경도가 증가하였고, 신장율은 감소하였다. 또한 열적 특성의 비교 결과, polycarbonate 폴리올의 함량이 증가함에 따라 열 안정성이 증가하였다. 치료효율은 poly(tetramethylene ether)glycol : polycarbonate polyol = 0.75 : 0.25일 때 가장 높은 효율을 보여주었으며, 현미경 및 SEM을 이용한 표면 관찰을 통해 손상 부분이 치유된 것을 확인하였다. In this study, self-healable waterborne polyurethane (SH-WPU) as shoes and coating materials with self-healable disulfide functionalities was synthesized by mixing polyether polyol to impart excellent durability and heat resistance and polycarbonate polyol to impart excellent mechanical properties. The synthesized SH-WPU was characterized by fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and physical and self-healing properties were confirmed through universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. Tensile strength and hardness were increased and elongation was decreased by using polycarbonate polyol. In addition, as a result of comparison of thermal properties, thermal stability has been increased as the content of polycarbonate polyol increased. The healing efficiency showed the highest efficiency when poly(tetramethylene ether)glycol : polycarbonate polyol = 0.75 : 0.25, and it was confirmed that the damaged part was healed through surface observation using a microscope and SEM.