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백승진(Baek Seung Jean),송인봉(Song In Bong),이현(Lee Hyeon),백다인(Back Da In),강지형(Kang Ji Hyeong) 한국정보기술학회 2021 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2021 No.6
사이버 보안의 중요성이 부각됨에 따라 국가는 소프트웨어 개발보안 가이드를 배포하여 개발자들이 안전한 소프트웨어를 개발하도록 제시하고 있다. 하지만 이런 조치에도 불구하고 많은 개발자들이 시큐어 프로그래밍을 제대로 수행하지 못하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 본 논문에서 소개하는 시큐어 프로그래밍 학습 플랫폼은 개발자들의 시큐어 프로그래밍 습관화를 목표로, 개발자들이 본인의 개발 과정에서 발생하는 다양한 취약점을 인지하고 이를 개선하도록 하여 시큐어 프로그래밍의 학습을 유도한다. As the importance of cyber-security emerges, the state is encouraging developers to develop safe software by distributing software development security guidelines. However, despite this measures, the reality is that many developers are not properly performing secure programming. The secure programming learning platform introduced in this paper aims to make it a habit of secure programming for developers, and induces learning of secure programming by allowing developers to recognize and improve various vulnerabilities that occur in their own development process.
주의력 결핍-과잉행동장애아동의 주의력 수준이 CPT와 WCST수행에 미치는 효과
이현아,박형배,배대석,백용매 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4
연구목적 : 본 연구는 주의력 결핍-과잉행동장애 아동과 정상아동의 주의력 수준이 CPT와 WCST수행에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 ADHD아동의 특징적인 인지결함을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1999년 12월부터 2000년 4월까지 Y대학 의료원 소아정신과를 방문하여 ADHD로 진단된 아동들을 K-ABC의 하위검사인 수회생검사를 실시하여 주의력 낮은 집단(N=18),중간집단(N=18), 높은 집단 (N=18)로 분류하였고 주의력 수준에 따라 분류된 ADHD집단에게 지능검사와 CPT및 WCST를 실시하였다. 또한 정상아동에게도 수회생 검사를 통해 ADHD아동중 주의력 수준이 높은 집단과 동일한 주의력을 가진 아동을 선정한 후 이들에게도 ADHD아동과 동일한 검사를 실시하여 수행을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. CPT하위검사중 누락오류와 오경보 오류에서 ADHD집단과 정상집단간에는 의미있는 차이가 나타나지 않았고, ADHD집단내에서도 주의력의 수준에 따른 차이는 없었다. 그러나 WCST수행의 경우 ADHD의 각 하위집단간에 주의력 수준에 따른 차이는 없었으나, 정상집단에 비해서는 ADHD집단의 수행이 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : ADHD아동의 특징적인 인지결함은 단순한 주의력의 결함이 아니라 자극이 선택되어 실행에 이르기까지의 과정인 정보처리과정 중 주의력의 감독, 자기조절, 억제과정과 같은 보다 고차적인 인지기능인실행기능에 문제가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 ADHD아동의 치료를 위해서도 단순한 주의력 결핍의 개선보다는 문제해결능력과 계획력, 충동성 같은 인지행동을 변화시키기 위한 치료전략이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of attention level in normal children and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) children on Continuous Performance Test(CPT) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) performances. Methods : For this survey, the ADHD children were classified into low, medium, and high attention groups according to the attention level. Normal Group of Children, Chosen for their same attention level as that of high attention level group among ADHD groups, was compared in their CPT and WCST performances with ADHD groups. Results : The findings of the study were as follows. 1) the ADHD groups distinguished by their attention level ; in other words, the low, medium, and high attention level groups ; showed no differences in CPT performances. This means the unique cognitive deficit of ADHD group is not the character of attention capacity limit. 2) the ADHD group showed lower performances on WCST than the normal group, regardless of attention level. Conclusion : ADHD group have a deficit in the ability or regulation stategy, adaptability of attention, and non appropriate response, which are needed for efficient division of prescribed information processing. These results imply that the cognitive deficit of ADHD is a character which shows that the execution deficit, which is a higher cognitive function, is a cognitive deficit of ADHD group, rather than simple attention deficit.
이현노,진영호,정태오,이재백 대한응급의학회 1997 대한응급의학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Background: Victims of trauma in the emergency room(ER) suffer from finds of discomforts derived from their physical injury and psychological instability. Although discomforts may be varied by patient's characteristics and environmental factors such as medical personnel or facilities in ER, an active control for the discomfort should be required because it mayh affect an outcome of treatment and prognosis of illness. The purpose of this study is to analyze the distressing factors which traumatized patients have been experienced in the ER and to improve the management of trauma patients in the future. Methods: From January 1, 1996 to June 30, 1996, we tried to interview patients about the painful experiences in ER before the decision of his or her discharge from ER. We analyzed the data on age, sex, religion, educational level, injury severity score(ISS), the most unpleasant experience, sleep deprivation, and fear for death. Results: The 126 patients were enrolled in this study. The patients consisted of 93 male and 33 female, their mean age was 45 years old and mean ISS was 7.86. About seventy one percent of the patients complained unpleasant experiences during the stay in the ER. Of these, pain at the injury sites was most frequent complaint(66.7%). The sleep deprivation was showed about sixty percent of the total patient and the most common cause of this was also due to pain(40%). Nineteen percent of the patients answered that they felt the fear for death. There were statistically significant differences in degree of the ISS whether the fear for death and unpleasant experience were or not. When the patients demarked with whether the presence of pain, the occurrence of sleep deprivation, and fear for death were statistically related to the pain. However, the data was denoted no direct relationship with pain according to sex, educational level, or religion. Conclusion: The trauma patient admitted to ER suffered from various stressful conditions including not only their physical injury but care personnel or unstable environmental factors in ER. Therefore, emergency medidcal personnel has to understand some possible distresses of the patients and need to reduce them to provide more careful and proper managements.
백민관,이현,김경옥,권현진,정명희,박형민,우주현,김동영 대한이비인후과학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.10 No.4
Objectives. Previously the authors reported age-related changes in the activities of anti-oxidative enzyme activities and protein expressions in the tongues of rats. Because more information is required about relations between aging and oxidative stress and anti-oxidative enzyme efficiency, the authors investigated differences between the expression of master regulator of anti-oxidative enzymes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [Nrf2]), levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial structures in the tongues of young and aged Fischer 344 rats. Methods. Age-dependent changes in Nrf2 protein and ROS were determined by Western blotting and using chemical kits, respectively. Tongue specimens were examined by electron microscopy. The study was conducted using rats aged 7 months (young, n=8) or 22 months (old, n=8). Results. Nrf2 protein levels in the tongues of aged rats were lower than in young rats. ROS levels were higher in older rats and mitochondrial structural deficits were observed their tongues. Three young rats showed moderate mitochondrial degeneration, whereas profound degeneration with mitochondrial cristae disruption, swelling, rupture, or intramitochondrial vacuole formation was observed in all 8 old rats. Notably, mitochondrial rupture was observed in 5 old rats. Conclusion. Antioxidant defense systems of old rats were compromised by Nrf2 deficiency, which could lead to the deleterious accumulation and release of ROS and probably mitochondrial structural deficits in aged tongue tissues.