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Commensal Microbiota and Cancer Immunotherapy: Harnessing Commensal Bacteria for Cancer Therapy
배지홍,박광천,김유미 대한면역학회 2022 Immune Network Vol.22 No.1
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the number of cancer patients is expected to continuously increase in the future. Traditional cancer therapies focus on inhibiting cancer growth while largely ignoring the contribution of the immune system in eliminating cancer cells. Recently, better understanding of immunological mechanisms pertaining to cancer progress has led to development of several immunotherapies, which revolutionized cancer treatment. Nonetheless, only a small proportion of cancer patients respond to immunotherapy and maintain a durable response. Among multiple factors contributing to the variability of immunotherapy response rates, commensal microbiota inhabiting patients have been identified as one of the most critical factors determining the success of immunotherapy. The functional diversity of microbiota differentially affects the host immune system and controls the efficacy of immunotherapy in individual cancer patients. Moreover, clinical studies have demonstrated that changing the gut microbiota composition by fecal microbiota transplantation in patients who failed a previous immunotherapy converts them to responders of the same therapy. Consequently, both academic and industrial researchers are putting extensive efforts to identify and develop specific bacteria or bacteria mixtures for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will summarize the immunological roles of commensal microbiota in cancer treatment and give specific examples of bacteria that show anticancer effect when administered as a monotherapy or as an adjuvant agent for immunotherapy. We will also list ongoing clinical trials testing the anticancer effect of commensal bacteria.
A one-parameter family of totally umbilical hyperspheres in the nearly K\"ahler 6-sphere
배지홍,박정형,Kouei Sekigawa 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.4
We discuss two kinds of almost contact metric structures on a one-parameter family of totally umbilical hyperspheres in the nearly {K\"ahler} unit $6$-sphere $S^{6}$.
Curvature identities on contact metric manifolds and their applications
배지홍,박정형,신원민 장전수학회 2015 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.25 No.3
We study curvature identities on contact metric manifolds on the geometry of the corresponding almost Kahler cones, and we provide applications of the derived curvature identities.
배지홍,허필호 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
Waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) was synthesized using the polycaprolactone diol (PCL) as the polyol, and 4,4'-methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate (H<sub>12</sub>MDI) as the isocyanate. The crosslinked WPU was obtained by the castor oil (CO) with the three functionalities. The synthesis was designed using PCL, castor oil and H12MDI as soft segment part, dimethylolbutanoic acid (DMBA) for the ionization, and trimethylamine (TEA) as neutralizer based on different molecular weight of prepolymer. Physical properties (the adhesion and biodegradation) as the bio-adhesives were studied through fourier-transform intrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), universal testing machine (UTM), contact angle, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), degradingenzyme systems based on the different molecular weight of waterborne polyurethanes.
배지홍,최홍석,박소영,이도은,이시훈 대한내분비학회 2018 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.33 No.2
Background: Autosomal-dominant brachydactyly type E is a congenital abnormality characterized by small hands and feet, which is a consequence of shortened metacarpals and metatarsals. We recently encountered a young gentleman exhibiting shortening of 4th and 5th fingers and toes. Initially, we suspected him having pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP) because of normal biochemical parameters, including electrolyte, Ca, P, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels; however, his mother and maternal grandmother had the same conditions in their hands and feet. Furthermore, his mother showed normal biochemical parameters. To the best of our knowledge, PPHP is inherited via a mutated paternal allele, owing to the paternal imprinting of GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) in the renal proximal tubule. Therefore, we decided to further analyze the genetic background in this family. Methods: Whole exome sequencing was performed using genomic DNA from the affected mother, son, and the unaffected father as a negative control. Results: We selected the intersection between 45,490 variants from the mother and 45,646 variants from the son and excluded 27,512 overlapping variants identified from the father. By excluding homogenous and compound heterozygous variants and removing all previously reported variants, 147 variants were identified to be shared by the mother and son. Variants that had least proximities among species were excluded and finally 23 variants remained. Conclusion: Among them, we identified a defect in parathyroid hormone like hormone (PTHLH), encoding the PTH-related protein, to be disease-causative. Herein, we report a family affected with brachydactyly type E2 caused by a novel PTHLH mutation, which was confused with PPHP with unclassical genetic penetrance.