생의 찬미 ( 讚美 )

박귀 불교사(불교) 1932 불교사 불교 Vol.107 No.-

台灣華語文能力測驗(TOCFL)與中國大陸漢語水平考試(新HSK)歷史與等級沿革之比較考察

朴貴蘭(Pu, Kuei-lan) 한국중국어교육학회 2018 중국어교육과연구 Vol.0 No.28

In this paper, through the comparison between the development of the Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language (TOCFL) in Taiwan and that of the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (New HSK) in mainland China, we can not only comprehend the historical development of mainstream tests on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, but also catch a glimpse of the similarities and differences. Finding the inspiration from it, we hope that the language examination system on both sides of the strait could be improved and developed under knowing ourselves and others, in order to benefit the vast number of Chinese language learners. This paper used George Z. F. Berethay(1964)’s four-stage educational comparison method of “description, interpretation, juxtaposition, comparison” to make a careful comparison of historical development and level development between the TOCFL and the New HSK. As a result, from the development of Test Of Proficiency Huayu (TOP) to TOCEL, the level change is relatively stable and the change is not large. Also, due to the late starting, the TOCEL system structure is relatively perfect. However, comparison of the development from the old HSK to the new HSK reveals the great change and fluctuation of levels. Although starting earlier has its advantages, to reverse or revise a system or structure that has been in operation for a long time, it is necessary to reform it with great force. Fortunately, we can see the birth of the new HSK, which is more difficult than the development of TOCFL, and the project is also very large. In particular, under TOCFL’s first introduction of computerization, the new HSK has also moved into computerization and started to offer internet-based examination services in some examination sites to meet the market demand and increase efficiency.

정신의료기관의 사회복지사들의 처우 및 역할강화에 관한 토론

박귀서 한국정신건강사회복지학회 2006 한국정신건강사회복지학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.5

플로우 경험이 모바일 쇼핑 행동에 미치는 영향 기술수용모델의 확장

박귀리(Gui Ree Park),박재진(Jae Jin Park) 한국광고홍보학회 2014 한국광고홍보학보 Vol.16 No.2

이 연구의 주 목적은 소비자 행동에 많은 영향을 미치는 요인들 가운데 하나인 플로우(flow) 이론을 도입하여 확장된 TAM 모형을 제시하고, 이들 변수들 간의 관계를 알아보는 데 있다. 모바일 쇼핑을 경험한 실질적인 소비자들을 대상으로 서베이를 실시하였으며, 신념 변수들과 태도 및 의도 간의 관계는 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석되었다. 연구결과, 기존 인터넷 쇼핑과 모바일 쇼핑 연구결과들과 일관되게 유용성, 사용용이성 그리고 플로우는 모바일 쇼핑 태도와 의도에 직간접적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 플로우는 모바일 쇼핑에 대한 태도에 가장 큰 영향력을 미치는 변인이며, 의도에도 직접적으로 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 모바일 쇼핑 행동과 관련한 이론적 및 실무적 함의가 논의되었다. The purpose of this study was to expand the technology acceptance model by adding flow theory to the model. A survey with 269 respondents was conducted, and the SEM(structural equation model) analyses were used to test hypotheses. Findings revealed that perceived usefulness, ease of use, and flow had positively significant direct/indirect effects on attitude toward mobile shopping and intention to shop through mobile. It should be noticed that flow was most significant predictor of attitude toward mobile shopping and directly affects to the intention. Theoretical and practical impressions were discussed.

자료기반 학습 LSTM 알고리즘을 이용한 지하수위 예측

박귀만(Gwi-Man Bak),윤호열(Ho-Yeol Yoon),배영철(Young-Chul Bae) 한국지능시스템학회 2020 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.30 No.2

지진 발생 전·후에 지하수위는 급격하게 변화되는 것으로 알려지고 있어 지하수위 예측을 통하여 지진을 예측하는데 이용한다. 지하수위를 강수로 예측한 선행 연구가 있지만 강우에 의한 지하수위 변화가 뚜렷한 지역을 예측하기 때문에 한계가 있다. 본 논문은 LSTM 알고리즘을 이용하여 지진 예측을 위한 지하수위를 예측하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 밀양시에 설치된 한국농어촌공사 농촌지하수관측망의 지하수수위 데이터와 기상청의 강수량, 기온 데이터를 사용하였다. 보다 쉬운 학습을 위해 데이터를 표준화하였고 데이터를 10시간씩 블록으로 만들었다. 예측 정확도를 측정하기 위해 train 95%, test 5%로 각각 지정하여 훈련 데이터로 알고리즘을 훈련시킨 뒤 예측을 하고, RMSE, CORR, MAPE로 계산된 오차척도를 사용하여 예측 정확도를 측정한다. Before and after the earthquake, the underground water level is rapidly changing and it is used to predict earthquakes. This paper presents an algorithm for predicting underground water level for earthquake prediction using LSTM algorithm. Although there is a prior study predicting groundwater levels as precipitation, it is limited because it predicts areas where changes in groundwater levels are evident due to rainfall. For this purpose, this paper used precipitation and temperature acquired from National Weather Service and data of underground water level from Rural Groundwater Observation Network of Korea Rural Community Corporation which is installed in Miryang city, Gyeongnam. We standardized the data to learn easier and, we also make data with 10 hour block. In order to measure accuracy of prediction, we assign 95%, 5% for train data and test data. Respectively, we trained with train data and then we tried prediction, we also measured accuracy of prediction using error criteria by RMSE, CORR and MAPE.

압전나노소재 기반의 플렉서블 에너지 하베스팅 소자 연구동향

박귀일,Park, Kwi-Il 한국분말야금학회 2018 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.25 No.3

Recent developments in the field of energy harvesting technology that convert ambient energy resources into electricity enable the use of self-powered energy systems in wearable and portable electronic devices without the need for additional external power sources. In particular, piezoelectric-effect-based flexible energy harvesters have drawn much attention because they can guarantee power generation from ubiquitous mechanical and vibrational movements. In response to demand for sustainable, permanent, and remote use of real-life personal electronics, many research groups have investigated flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (f-PEHs) that employ nanoscaled piezoelectric materials such as nanowires, nanoparticles, nanofibers, and nanotubes. In those attempts, they have proven the feasibility of energy harvesting from tiny periodic mechanical deformations and energy utilization of f-PEH in commercial electronic devices. This review paper provides a brief overview of f-PEH devices based on piezoelectric nanomaterials and summarizes the development history, output performance, and applications.

특집 -수출포장에 대해

박귀서 (사)한국포장협회 2002 包裝界 Vol.116 No.-

전기영동법에 의한 폴리이미드 고분자 박막의 제작 특성에 관한 연구

박귀만,강명식,김종석,박강식 大田産業大學校 1993 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

비수용성 에멀젼으로 부터 전기영동법을 이용하여 폴리이미드 박막을 동과 알루미늄도체 위에 증착하였다. 필름의 성장율은 전기영동증착시의 인가전압과 시간을 조절하였다. 비수용성 에멀젼으로 부터 전기영동증착에 의해 얻어진 증착 필름은 전극을 통하여 흐른 전하의 량에 비례하였으며 필름의 표면은 거의 기공이 없는 양호한 상태를 나타냈다. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the process of electrodepositing a polyimide film from nonaqueous emulsion onto metal substrate, copper, aluminum. The rate of film growth is controlled by the applied voltage and time. From the results, yeild is proportion to the electrical charge flow through the electrode the polyimide film obtained by electrophoretic deposition from nonaqueous emulsion was shown good furface morphology without pore.

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Orally Administration to Mice were Tansferred to Offspring during Gestation and Lactation with Disruptions on the Immune System

박귀래,손경희,김인영,이종권,김진호,임채형,한범석,정화철,이진용,홍승근,주정헌 대한면역학회 2010 Immune Network Vol.10 No.2

The present study was undertaken to examine the immunological effects of pentabrominated diphenyl ether (penta-BDE) and decabrominated diphenyl ether (deca-BDE) on the immune system of the dams and the developmental immune system of the offsprings. In this study, mated female C57BL/6J mice were orally administered penta-BDE,deca-BDE or corn oil for 5 weeks, from gestational day 6 to lactational day 21. The body weight of PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was significantly decreased relative to control mice, but that of post-natal day 63 (PND63) were recovered. Orally dosed dams with penta-BDE had significantly smaller absolute and relative spleen masses than control mice. Absolute and relative spleen and thymus masses of PND21exposed to penta-BDE were significantly decreased over control. The exposure of dams and PND21 with penta-BDE reduced the number of splenocytes and thymocytes. As results of hematologic analysis, percentage WBC and percentage neutrophils increased in dams with deca-BDE. Splenic T cell proliferation in dams and PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was increased, and there were no significant difference in splenic B cell proliferation in all treatment groups. As results of flow cytometric analysis of splenocyte, percentage total T cell, Th cell and Tc cell in PND21 exposed to penta-BDE was slightly increased, and percentage macrophage in dams and PND21 exposed to deca-BDE was decreased. The ELISA results of antibody production show no significant difference in all treatment groups relative to controls. These results imply that PBDEs given to the dam were transferred to the offspring during gestation and lactation, and PBDEs transferred from the dam affect immune system of offspring.

다양한 종류의 예측에서 머신러닝 성능 비교

박귀만(Gwi-Man Park),배영철(Young-Chul Bae) 한국전자통신학회 2019 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.1

현재 인공지능의 한 영역인 머신러닝을 적용하여 다양한 예측을 수행하고 있으나 실제 현장에서 어떤 종류의 알고리즘을 사용하는 것이 가장 좋은 방법인지는 늘 문제가 된다. 본 논문은 여러 머신러닝 지도 학습 알고리즘을 이용하여 월별 전력 거래량, 전력 거래금액, 월별 생산 확산 지수, 최종 에너지 소비, 자동차용 경유를 예측하여 각 경우에 어떤 알고리즘이 가장 적합한 알고리즘인지를 알아본다. 이를 위해 통계청에 나와 있는 월별 전력 거래량과 월별 전력 거래금액, 월별 생산 확산 지수, 최종에너지 소비, 자동차용 경유로 머신 러닝이 예측하는 값의 확률을 보여주고 각각의 예측값을 평균화 하여 이들 중에서 어떤 기법이 가장 우수한 기법인지를 확인한다. Now a day, we can perform various predictions by applying machine learning, which is a field of artificial intelligence; however, the finding of best algorithm in the field is always the problem. This paper predicts monthly power trading amount, monthly power trading amount of money, monthly index of production extension, final consumption of energy, and diesel for automotive using machine learning supervised algorithms. Then, we find most fit algorithm among them for each case. To do this we show the probability of predicting the value for monthly power trading amount and monthly power trading amount of money, monthly index of production extension, final consumption of energy, and diesel for automotive. Then, we try to average each predicting values. Finally, we confirm which algorithm is the most superior algorithm among them.