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Deep Brain Stimulation: Technology at the Cutting Edge
Rahul S. Shah,Su-Youne Chang,민훈기,조장희,Charles D. Blaha,Kendall H. Lee 대한신경과학회 2010 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.6 No.4
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery has been performed in over 75,000 people worldwide, and has been shown to be an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease, tremor, dystonia, epilepsy,depression, Tourette’s syndrome, and obsessive compulsive disorder. We review current and emerging evidence for the role of DBS in the management of a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, and discuss the technical and practical aspects of performing DBS surgery. In the future, evolution of DBS technology may depend on several key areas, including better scientific understanding of its underlying mechanism of action, advances in high-spatial resolution imaging and development of novel electrophysiological and neurotransmitter microsensor systems. Such developments could form the basis of an intelligent closed-loop DBS system with feedback-guided neuromodulation to optimize both electrode placement and therapeutic efficacy.
침의 진통효과: 체성감각신경자극으로 유도된 진통작용에 대한 기능성자기공명영상장치를 이용한 연구
조장희,황선출,손영돈,강창기,Edward K.Wong,배선준,이언정,성강경,박태석,김영보,민훈기,Terry Oleson 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Objective : Physiological evidence regarding acupuncture’s effect in human patients is not yet well established, despite considerable evidence for its therapeutic efficacy. Besides target or disease specificity of acupuncture, acupuncture analgesia (AA) appears to be another large subclass that poses many questions, such as whether there is point specificity with respect to which acupoint is most effective for a particular condition. Methods : We observed brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a set of stimuli that consist of pain, pain following Meridian acupuncture, and pain following Sham acupuncture. Results : Among the new observations, the most interesting fact is that data sets of both Meridian acupuncture and Sham acupuncture show decreased activation of the same brain areas related to the pain processing signals. Present functional MRI study demonstrate two important biological observations that could elucidate AA mechanism in human participants: the effects of acupuncture occur through mediation of the higher brain areas. Sham acupuncture stimulation appears to be almost as effective as traditional Meridian acupoint stimulation, suggesting that acupuncture is not entirely point specific. Decreased activation in the limbic paleo-cortical areas appears to be the probable neurological manifestation of AA and strongly implies that acupuncture stimulation inhibits the transmission of ascending pain signals to the higher cortical areas by the previously known descending pain inhibitory circuit. Conclusion : We, therefore, a hypothesized that this pain inhibitory circuit is initiated and mediated via the broad sense Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (BS-HPA) axis in conjunction to the “sensory stimulation.”
이석희(Seokhee Lee),장한얼(Hanul Jang),조우상(Woosang Joo),민훈기(Hungi Min),조광수(Kwangsu Cho) 한국HCI학회 2013 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1
지하철 사인시스템은 지하철 이용객에게 목적지로 향하는 열차에 대한 정보를 보다 쉽고 정확하게 알려주어야 한다. 하지만 현재의 지하철 사인시스템은 선적인 인지(Linear cognition)유도하는 사인시스템 방식을 채택함으로써, 이용객들이 수행하는 지하철 노선도 중심의 공간적 인지(Spatial cognition)와 다소 거리가 있는 정보를 담아내고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 실험 방법론을 통해서, 지하철 사인시스템에 추가한 방향 정보가 지하철 이용객의 정확한 승강장 선택에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 그 결과, 현 승강장 사인시스템은 이용객들의 올바른 승강장 유도에 유용하지 않으며, 사인시스템에 이용객의 인지 상태를 반영한 방향 정보가 추가되었을 때 이용객들의 승강장 결정이 더욱 용이해졌음을 확인했다. 본 연구는 지하철 길 찾기 시 방향 정보 전달에 있어 종점과 주요역 표기 사인시스템이 갖는 문제점에 대해 고찰한다. Subway signage systems in Seoul tend to make users or passengers confused. A major problem with the systems is that the current signage only shows end station names on either direction of a train. In other words, strange passengers whose destination stations are not the end stations have significant difficulties of finding their ways to take right trains. This study has the purpose of investigating the effects of directional information on signage system to find proper platform on subway station. The research shows that passengers are confused by present signage system but user’s performances were improved when directional information was suggested in signage system.
침의 진통효과: 체성감각신경자극으로 유도된 진통작용에 대한 기능성자기공명영상장치를 이용한 연구
조장희,황선출,손영돈,강창기,배선준,이언정,성강경,박태석,김영보,민훈기,Cho, Zang-hee,Hwang, Seon-chool,Son, Young-don,Kang, Chang-ki,Wong, Edward K.,Bai, Sun-joon,Lee, Un-jung,Sung, Kang-kyung,Park, Tae-seok,Kim, Young-bo,Min, Hoon 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.2
Objective : Physiological evidence regarding acupuncture's effect in human patients is not yet well established, despite considerable evidence for its therapeutic efficacy. Besides target or disease specificity of acupuncture, acupuncture analgesia (AA) appears to be another large subclass that poses many questions, such as whether there is point specificity with respect to which acupoint is most effective for a particular condition. Methods : We observed brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a set of stimuli that consist of pain, pain following Meridian acupuncture, and pain following Sham acupuncture. Results : Among the new observations, the most interesting fact is that data sets of both Meridian acupuncture and Sham acupuncture show decreased activation of the same brain areas related to the pain processing signals. Present functional MRI study demonstrate two important biological observations that could elucidate AA mechanism in human participants: the effects of acupuncture occur through mediation of the higher brain areas. Sham acupuncture stimulation appears to be almost as effective as traditional Meridian acupoint stimulation, suggesting that acupuncture is not entirely point specific. Decreased activation in the limbic paleo cortical areas appears to be the probable neurological manifestation of AA and strongly implies that acupuncture stimulation inhibits the transmission of ascending pain signals to the higher cortical areas by the previously known descending pain inhibitory circuit. Conclusion : We, therefore, a hypothesized that this pain inhibitory circuit is initiated and mediated via the broad sense Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal (BS HPA) axis in conjunction to the "sensory stimulation."