60세 이상의 노인에서 의식하 진정 상부 위장관 내시경 검사시 Propofol의 적정 유도 용량

문형철,홍건영,김두진,최상철,박상욱,임연근 대한소화기내시경학회 2010 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.41 No.3

Background/Aims: Propofol is an effective sedative drug in endoscopic procedures, but it has potentially serious adverse effects, so close monitoring of the vital signs should be performed during endoscopy. This study was undertaken to determine the adequate induction dose of propofol for safe and effective sedation during esophagogastrodudenoscopy (EGD) in persons 60 years or older. Methods: Three hundred patients who visited our hospital for EGD were randomly assigned to three groups (A,B and C). An initial induction dose of 0.5 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg of propofol was allocated to groups A, B and C, respectively. Results: The 0.5 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg and, 1 mg/kg dose of propofol were all safe as an initial dose of propofol for achieving sedation during EGD in persons 60 years or older. There was no difference in the total amount of propofol among the three groups. Group C had a significantly shorter induction time and a lower dose was required for an additional injection of propofol without increasing adverse events, as compared to the two other groups. Conclusions: We suggest that 1 mg/kg of propofol is an effective induction dose for sedation during EGD in persons 60 years or older. 목적: 상부 위장관 내시경에 사용되는 profopol은 효과적이며 안전한 약물이다. 그러나 강력한 진정 작용이 있어 내시경 시행 중 면밀한 관찰이 필요하다. 고령일수록 약물 투여에 따르는 부작용이 높지만 노인에서의 적정한 진정 유도량에 대한 연구는 많지 않았다. 본 연구는 60세 이상의 노인에서 상부 위장관 내시경을 시행시 안전하고 효과적인 propofol의 적정 유도 용량을 알기 위해 연구를 진행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2009년 6월부터 2010년 2월까지 본원 소화기내과 외래를 내원하여 건강 검진을 목적으로 내시경 검사를 시행한 300명의 대상자를 무작위로 진정 유도를 위한 초기 투여용량에 따라 3군으로 분류하였다. A군은 0.5 mg/kg, B군은 0.75 mg/kg, C군은 1.0 mg/kg의 propofol을 투여하였다. 결과: 60세 이상의 노인에서 상부 위장관 내시경시 초기 유도량으로는 0.5 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg 모두 부작용 없이 안전하고 효과적으로 진정 유도 도달하였다. 세 군간에 총사용량은 차이가 없었다. 진정 유도 후 추가적으로 투여된 propofol양은 A군에서 38.6±1.80 mg, B군에서 22.0±1.74 mg, C군에서 11.8±1.66 mg으로 통계적으로 유의할 만큼 C군이 적었다(p<0.001). 진정 유도까지 소요되는 시간도 A군에서 85.14± 32.43초, B군에서 60.34±26.10초, C군이 49.47±29.49초로 C군이 가장 짧은 시간에 진정 유도에 도달하였다(p<0.001). 세 군간 부작용 발생에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 60세 이상의 고령에서 의식하진정 내시경 검사에 propofol의 적정 유도 용량은 1 mg/kg이 더 효과적이다.

포스터 전시 : 호흡기, 내분비-대사 ; 금속 색전 코일을 이용한 폐동맥색전술로 치료된 Rasmussen 동맥류 1예

문형철,표성봉,신창준,유경완,윤성훈,박오성,강동구,고영춘,이승욱,조상기 대한내과학회 2005 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.69 No.10

멀티미디어 환경을 고려한 다중 칩율 DS / CDMA 시스템의 성능 분석 ( Performance Analysis of Multi-Chip Rate DS/CDMA Systems )

문형철,박상규 대한전자공학회 1997 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1997 No.11

시설하우스내 수박 재배 작기별 작기별 해충 발생소장

문형철,김웅,최민경,권성환,신용규,김대향,황창연,Moon, Hyung-Cheol,Kim, Woong,Choi, Min-Kyung,Kwon, Sung-Hwan,Shin, Young-Kyu,Kim, Dae-Hyang,Hwang, Chang-Yeon 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.47 No.4

전북 고창의 시설하우스에서 수박 재배 작기에 따른 해충의 시기별 발생 밀도를 2006년부터 2007년 까지 조사하였다. 촉성재배에서 발생되는 주요 해충은 목화진딧물이었으며, 다발생기는 3월 중순과 4월 하순이었다. 반촉성재배에서 발생되는 주요 해충은 목화진딧물과 응애류(점박이응애+차응애) 이었으며, 다발생시기는 6월 이었다. 억제재배에서는 목화진딧물, 응애류(점박이응애+차응애), 아메리카 잎굴파리, 목화바둑명나방의 발생과 피해가 많았다. 목화진딧물과 응애류는 9월에 발생량이 많았다. 아메리카잎굴파리는 9월 상순에 발생량이 많았다. 목화바둑명나방은 8월 중순부터 피해가 나타났으며, 9월 중순에 피해엽률이 79.4%로 가장 큰 피해를 주었다. The seasonal occurrence of insect pests in watermelon cultivated in greenhouses was surveyed in Gochang from 2006 to 2007 considering three seasonal types of culture: forcing culture, semi-forcing culture and retarding culture. Aphis gossypii, mites (Tetranychus urticae+T. kanzawai) and Palpita indica were the most serious pest species in watermelon greenhouse culture. A. gossypii and mites showed high density during the months of June and September in semi-forcing and retarding culture, respectively. Palpita indica was observed only in retarding culture. Leaf damage by Palpita indica was observed from the middle of August and peaked to 79.4% damage in the middle of September. Thrips and whiteflies were captured in high density by the yellow sticky trap in semi-forcing culture and retarding culture but these insects showed low population density in watermelon leaves.

시단위 포장도로의 포장평가지수개발

문형철,서영찬 한국도로학회 2008 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.10 No.3

In Korea, Expressway and National Highway System has been continually managed by their own pavement management system. The pavement condition evaluation system has not been developed for the municipal roads except for Seoul city. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of distress in major city's pavement and developing the pavement condition index for the municipal PMS. Panel rating and pavement condition survey for the selected pavement sections were conducted for developing pavement condition index. Municipal level pavement condition index(MPCI) was developed by statistical analysis. Also, a sensitivity analysis for each independent variable of the MPCI and comparison with other pavement condition indicies, such as SPI and HPCI, were performed. In Korea, Expressway and National Highway System has been continually managed by their own pavement management system. The pavement condition evaluation system has not been developed for the municipal roads except for Seoul city. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of distress in major city's pavement and developing the pavement condition index for the municipal PMS. Panel rating and pavement condition survey for the selected pavement sections were conducted for developing pavement condition index. Municipal level pavement condition index(MPCI) was developed by statistical analysis. Also, a sensitivity analysis for each independent variable of the MPCI and comparison with other pavement condition indicies, such as SPI and HPCI, were performed.

조기(早期) 한방치료(韓方治療)를 시행한 요추수핵탈출증(腰椎髓核脫出症) 환자(患者)의 C-T 상(上) 5-7년 후의 추간판(椎間板)의 변화(變化)

문형철,황우준,이건목,조남근,강성도,조재운,장병선,진경선,Mun, Hyung-Cheal,Hwang, Woo-Jun,Lee, Geon-Mok,Cho, Nam-Geun,Gang, Sung-Do,Cho, Jae-Woon,Chang, Byoung-Sun,Jin, Kyong-Son 대한침구의학회 2001 대한침구의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Study design : A retrospective study of lumbar disc herniations using results of follow-up computed tomographic scan examinations. Objective : Lumbar disc herniations is one of the cause low back pain and lower extremity pain. To clarify the lumbar disc herniations morphological changes over time(mean 5.3 years) in order to establish a strategy for treatment. Methods : Sixteen patients with lumbar disc herniations who underwent follow-up computed tomographic scan examinations were studied. The changes over time in herniated disc size(herniation ratio) were evaluated using this scan technique. The initial computed tomographic scan allowed classification of the herniations according to herniation ratio: small, medium and large. Results : Comparison with follow-up computed tomographic scans showed that of the 16 patients, in 14 patients(88%), the herniation ratio(HR) was decreased and among them, 8 patients had complet resolution of herniated disc. In 2 patients with small herniations, the HR of one case was increased, the other was decreased. In 8 patients with medium herniations, the HR of one case had no change, the others was decreased. In 6 patients with large herniation, the HR of all patients was decreased. Interestingly, 4 of the 16 patients showed calcification change of herniated disc. Conclusion : There is no doubt that herniated disc size is decreased over time. The largest herniations were those which had the greatest tendency to decrease in size. But in some cases, the HR was increased, or calcification change was showed.

토마토에서 Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi에 의한 아메리카잎굴파리 기생율

문형철,최정식,황창연 한국응용곤충학회 2002 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.41 No.1

토마토에서 Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi에 의한 아메리카잎굴파리의 밀도억제 효과를 실내와 온실에서 확인하였다. 토마토에서 외부기생봉류에 의한 아메리카잎굴파리의 기생율은 26~45%이었으며 이 중 H. zilahisebessi의 비율은 47~75%이었다 암컷 성충의 기주체액섭취율이 기주 1령유충과 3령유충에서 각각 40.4%와 37.9%이었으나 1령과 3령유충을 동시에 접종할 때 1령보다는 3령유충을 주로 체액섭취하였다 사육실에서 H. zilahisebessi 암컷과 기주 3령유충을 1 : 10, 1 : 20, 1 : 30으로 접종시 기주 시망율은 각각 93.1%, 92.1%, 89.8% 이었다. 토마토 포장에서 주당 암컷 3마리, 5마리를 접종한 결과 접종 4주째에 80%정도의 기생율을 나타냈으며 시간이 경과됨에 따라 아메리카잎굴파리의 유충밀도도 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 피해엽률 또한 접종 4주후부터 무접종구에 비하여 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 접종밀도에 따른 기생을, 기주 유충 생충율 및 피해엽률의 차이는 없었다. This study was conducted to investigate percentage of parasitism and control effect of Liriomyza trifolii by Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi on tomato. Percentages of parasitism on L. trifolii larva by ectopatasitoids war e 26∼45% Among them the parasitism by H. zilahisebessi was highest as 47∼75% in tomato. The parasitoids preferred 1 st to 3rd instar of host larvae. In laboratory test, the parasitoids showed high parasitism on 3rd instar larvae of host by 89.8∼93.1% when the female parasitoids were introduced by the ratios of 1 : 10, 1 : 20, and 1 : 30. In field test, 3 or 5 female parasitoids were introduced per plant. In the case, the parasitism increased to 80% 4 weeks after introduction of the parasitoids. This increased parasitism was resulted from density reduction of the host larvae There were no significant differences in parasitism, density of alive host, and percentage of damaged leaf between inoculation density.

아메리카잎굴파리 외부기생봉 Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi의 산란특성

문형철,최정식,황창연 한국응용곤충학회 2002 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.41 No.1

아메리카잎굴파리 외부기생봉인 Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi의 수명은 20, 25, 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 각각 23.0일, 16.9일과 12.7일 이었으며 특히, $25^{\circ}C$와 3$0^{\circ}C$에서는 교미후 바로 산란이 이루어졌다. 암컷의 산란수와 일평균산란수는 20, 25, 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 각각 82.3개/3.6개, 90.3개/6.0개, 95.5개/7.8개로 온도가 높아질수록 많아지는 경향이었다. H. zilahisebessi이 내적자연증가율과 순증식율은 20, 25, 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 각각 0.1160/31.0, 0.1852/40.2. 0.2659/40.8이었다. 암컷은 주로 3령유충에 산란하였으며 기주령기에 따른 성비는 1령에서 0.1, 3령에서 0.42로 기주유충이 클수록 암컷의 많아졌다. Longevities of Hemiptarsenus zilahisebessi, ectoparasitoid of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) larva. were 23.0, 16.9. and 12.7 days at 20, 25, and 30$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The adults copulated and laid eggs as soon as they emerged at 20$^{\circ}C$ and 30$^{\circ}C$. The total number of eggs laid and the daily oviposition rate were 82.3/3.6, 90.3/6.0, and 95.5/7.8 at the three different constant temperatures. The sex ratios were 0.37,0.43. and 0.43 at 20,25, and 30$^{\circ}C$. respectively. Female oviposited 1.4 eggs near parasitized host larva and the average distance between eggs of H. zilahisebessi andhost larva wre 0.92mm. The instrinsic increase rates(r$\sub$m/) of H. zilahisebessi were 0.12, 0.19 and 0.27, and net reproduction were 31.0, 40.2, and 40.8 at 20,25, and 30$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Female of H. zilahisebessi oviposited mainly on the 3rd larva and sex ratio was 0.42, wheras the ratio was declined to 0.1 on the 1st larva.

VR의 생태계를 그리다 - VR의 세 가지 경험 가치로 살펴보는 VR 생태계

문형철 한국콘텐츠진흥원 2016 케이콘텐츠 Vol.- No.5·6

人蔘이 중추신경계 손상 동물 모델의 재생에 미치는 영향

문형철,김윤욱,송봉근 대한침구의학회 2007 대한침구의학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Objectives : Following central nervous system (CNS) injury, inhibitory influences at the site of axonal damage occur. Glial cells become reactive and form a glial scar, know as gliosis. As well,myelin debris such as MAG inhibits axonal regeneration. Astrocyte-rich gliosis relates to up-regulation of GFAP and CD81, and eventually becomes a physical and mechanical barrier to axonal regeneration. It is postulated that when the astrocytic reaction is absent, regeneration of axons can occur. It was reported that treatment with anti CD81 antibodies enhanced functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. Methods : MAG is one of several endogenous axon regeneration inhibitors that limit recovery from central nervous system injury and disease. It was reported that molecules which block such inhibitors enhanced axon regeneration and functional recovery. Results : In this current study, the author investigated the effect of the water extract of Ginseng Radix on the regulation of CD81, GFAP and MAG which increases when gliosis occurs. MTT analysis was performed to examine cell viability, and cell based ELISA, Western Blot and PCR were used to detect the expression of CD81, GFAP and MAG. Immunohistochemistry was also performed to confirm in vivo. Conclusions : We observed that Ginseng Radix significantly down-regulates the expression of CD81, GFAP and MAG by means of cell based ELISA, Western Blot and PCR. In immunohistochemistry, expression of CD81, GFAP and MAG also decreased. Taken together, these results suggest that Ginseng Radix can be a candidate for regenerating CNS injury.