Citric Acid-Enriched Extract of Ripe Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc. Induces Laxative Effects by Regulating the Expression of Aquaporin 3 and Prostaglandin E2 in Rats with Loperamide-Induced Constipation

나주련,김은,나창수,김선오 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.1

Previously, we demonstrated that extracts of the ripe fruit (rPM) and unripe fruit (uPM) of Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc. and citric acid have a laxative effect, which is at least partially mediated by the increase in fecal parameters as seen in the low-fiber diet-induced constipation model rats. This study aims at investigating the laxative effects of citric acid-enriched aqueous extracts of rPM, uPM, and its active compounds, such as citric acid and malic acid, on loperamide-induced constipation rat models. Animal studies were conducted with loperamide-induced constipation animal models. The results showed that rPM and citric acid, the major organic acid compounds, significantly improved stool parameters (number, weight, and water content of the stools) generated in loperamide-induced constipation rats, without adverse effects of diarrhea. The gastrointestinal (GI) motility was activated fully in the rPM- and citric acid-treated rats than in rats treaded with loperamide alone. In addition, when rPM and citric acid were added to RAW264.7 cells and used to treat loperamide-induced constipation model rats, the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increased significantly in cells and tissue. Furthermore, rPM and citric acid decreased the expression of the aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in the rat colons. Our results demonstrated that rPM and citric acid, the major organic acid compound in rPM, can effectively promote defecation frequency and regulate PGE2 secretion and AQP3 expression in the colon, providing scientific evidence to support the use of rPM as a therapeutic application.

Antistress Effects of Rosa rugosa Thunb. on Total Sleep Deprivation–Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior and Cognitive Dysfunction in Rat: Possible Mechanism of Action of 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonist

나주련,오둘리,한슬희,김유진,최은진,배동혁,오동환,이유현,김선오,전우진 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.9

Our previous results suggest that the Rosa rugosa Thunb. (family Rosaceae) alleviates endurance exercise-induced stress by decreasing oxidative stress levels. This study aimed to screen and identify the physiological antistress effects of an extract of R. rugosa (RO) on sleep deprivation–induced anxiety-like behavior and cognitive tests (in vivo) and tested for hippocampal CORT and monoamine levels (ex vivo), corticosterone (CORT)-induced injury, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and serotonin 6 (5-hydroxytryptamine 6, 5-HT6) receptor activities (in vitro) in search of active principles and underlying mechanisms of action. We confirmed the antistress effects of RO in a sleep-deprived stress model in rat and explored the underlying mechanisms of its action. In conclusion, an R. rugosa extract showed efficacy and potential for use as an antistress therapy to treat sleep deprivation through its antagonism of the 5-HT6 receptor and resulting inhibition of cAMP activity.

석류 열수 추출물의 수면박탈을 유도한 Rat 모델에서의 항스트레스 효과

나주련(Ju-Ryun Na),김선오(Sunoh Kim),조아라(Ara Jo),배동혁(Donghyuck Bae),오교녀(Kyo-Nyeo Oh),김용재(Yong Jae Kim),이유현(Yoo-Hyun Lee),전우진(Woojin Jun) 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.45 No.11

수면은 하루의 약 3분의 1을 차지하며, 중추신경계의 항상성 회복, 에너지 저장, 체온조절, 불필요한 기억의 제거, 면역 기능, 에너지 보존 등의 기능을 수행하는 생리현상이다. 이러한 조건이 충족되지 않으면 삶의 질 저하뿐만 아니라 다양한 증상 및 질병이 야기된다. 현대인은 학업, 직장 등 다양한 요소로 인한 과도한 정신적 스트레스, 불안 또는 육체적 피로 등의 이유로 일시적 또는 장기적 수면장애가 증가하는 추세이다. 이렇게 많은 현대인들이 겪는 수면장애를 예방 및 개선하기 방안을 모색하기 위하여 전남 비교우위 특산자원인 석류의 수면, 특히 수면박탈 및 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 in vivo 및 in vitro 상에서 확인하였다. 석류(Punica granatum L.)는 부처꽃과에 속하는 낙엽활엽교목으로 인도, 페르시아가 원산지이다. 석류는 항산화, 항암, 항당뇨, 항통증, 항염증, 에스트로젠 효과 등이 알려져 있다. 석류 추출물을 전처리한 SH-SY5Y 세포에 H₂O₂/corticosterone에 의한 신경세포독성을 유발하여 보호 효과를 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide와 lactate dehydrogenase로 측정한 결과, 유의적인 보호 효과를 확인하였다. 또한, 수면박탈 동물모델에서 생존율, 몸무게, 꾸벅임에서 수면박탈군과 비교하여 모두 유의적인 보호 효과가 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 석류 추출물의 수면박탈 스트레스에 대한 행동학적 보호 효과는 스트레스의 강도에 따라 행동학적 변화를 관찰한 결과, 운동능력 및 인지능력은 수면박탈이 지속되어도 보호 효과를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 통각 효과는 hot hyperalgesia test를 통해 스트레스가 지속될수록 무뎌지는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, Y maze는 변경행동력은 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 석류 추출물 투여군들의 움직임이 수면박탈군에 비하여 활발함을 확인하였다. 생화학적 변화를 확인한 결과 코티졸, 세로토닌 및 도파민, 테스토스테론 및 growth factor I의 함량은 수면박탈 스트레스에 의하여 증가하다가 석류 추출물 및 카페인에 의하여 유의적으로 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 항산화 관련 인자인 catalase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase를 측정한 결과, 수면박탈군은 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 석류 추출물에 의하여 회복되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 석류의 항스트레스 효과를 확인하였으며, 특히 동물실험에서는 석류 추출물에 의하여 수면박탈스트레스가 지속됨에 따라 감소하는 행동학적 결과들을 방지하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 석류의 항스트레스 효과는 항산화적 측면과 연관이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. The anti-stress effects of Punica granatum L. (family Lythraceae, PG) on H₂O₂/corticosterone (CORT)-induced stress in cells and sleep-deprived rats were investigated. The PG extract showed neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cells against H₂O₂/CORT-induced stress. Sleep deprivation led to behavioral, hormonal, and biochemical alterations in the animal model. The effects of P. granatum on physiological, behavioral, and biochemical parameters aggravated by sleep deprivation were investigated. Sleep deprivation impaired physiological (survival, body weight, and drowsiness scores) and behavioral (rotarod, passive avoidance, hot hyperalgesia, and Y maze) parameters as well as biochemical factors (cortisol, serotonin, dopamine, testosterone, and growth factor I contents in serum). These parameters were significantly recovered by PG extract in a concentration-dependent manner. The PG extract also enhanced catalase, superoxide dismutase, and non-enzymatic antioxidative activities such as glutathione compared to sleep-deprived rats. On the basis of these results, our findings suggest that Punica granatum prevents impairment of body functions induced by sleep deprivation and related oxidative damage.

인삼 토양 미생물 Cellulosimicrobium sp. Gsoil 235의 배지조성에 따른 Ginsenoside Rb1 전환

나주련 ( Ju Ryun Na ),김유진 ( Yu Jin Kim ),김세화 ( Se Hwa Kim ),김호빈 ( Ho Bin Kim ),심주선 ( Ju Sun Shim ),김세영 ( Se Young Kim ),양덕춘 ( Deok Chun Yang ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2009 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Ginseng total saponin ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice

Ju-ryun Na(나주련),Kyo-nyeo Oh,Donghyuck Bae,Heejin Seol,Sunoh Kim 고려인삼학회 2010 고려인삼학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.12

Leuconostoc fallax LH3이 생산하는 효소에 의한 Ginsenoside Rd의 Ginsenoside F2로의 전환

전림호,성락금,나주련,김호빈,박민주,김세화,김명겸,양덕춘 한국약용작물학회 2008 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Ginsenosides have been regarded as the principal components, responsible for the pharmacological and biological activities of ginseng. Absorption of major ginsenosides at the gastrointestinal tract was extremely low, when ginseng taken orally. In order to improve the absorption and bioavailability, transformation of major ginsenosides into more active and valuable minor ginsenoside is much required. In this present study, We isolated a lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc fallax LH3 from the Korean fermented food Kimchi, which have higher β-glucosidase activity. Using the ethanol precipitated curd enzyme of Leuconostoc fallax LH3, we investigated the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rd at different experimental condition to increase transformation. The maximum convertion was supported at 30 ℃ and decreased when temperatures increased. In order to optimize the effect of pH, the curd enzyme was mixed 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 3.5 to pH 8.0). Ginsenoside Rd was almost hydrolyzed between pH 7.0 and pH 9.0, but not hydrolyzed above pH 10.0. Ginsenoside Rd was hydrolyzed after 24 hrs incubation, but whereas the ginsenoside F2 was appeared from 36 hrs, and all ginsenoside Rd was transformed to F2 after the 60 hrs incubation. Based on this study, the curd enzyme of Leuconostoc fallax LH3 transformed the ginsenoside Rd at the 30℃ and the pH optimum of 7.0 to 9.0 after the 60 hrs incubation time.

Chloroplast DNA‑derived markers for the authentication of oriental medicinal Rubus species and mistaken identity of bokbunja in the local markets of Korea

Padmanaban Mohanan,허준,김선오,나주련,김유진,이현아,김민경,양덕천 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.3

The traditional oriental medicine bokbunja, prepared from immature berries of Rubus coreanus is used as an anti-oxidant, diuretic, and cure for impotence. The bokbunja wine made from fermented fruits of bokbunja has been used as a functional food as well. However, the usage of bokbunja has been problematic over the years due to the abundance of mistakenly identified berries such as Rubus chingii, Rubus crataegifolius, and Rubus occidentalis. Thus, here we developed a method for the molecular differentiation of Rubus species as well as the authentication bokbunja from other Rubus species. We screened several sequences from the chloroplast DNA of these species and found that the rpl16 region was polymorphic for R. coreanus and R. occidentalis, while the trnG–trnS intergenic spacer region was polymorphic for R. chingii and R. crataegifolius. Species-specific primers were designed and a multiplex PCR was performed by combining the markers at the rpl16 and trnG–trnS regions. Amplicons of 686 bp for R. coreanus and 478 bp for R. occidentalis were produced by the primers 5′ Rcor or 5′ Rocci, respectively, with 3′ rpl16; whereas, amplicons of 389 bp for Rubus crataegifolius and 180 bp for R. chingii were produced by 5′ Rcra or 5′ trnG–trnS, respectively, and 3′ Rcra/Rchi. The deduced molecular markers were utilized to authenticate the bokbunja products and demonstrated that the majority of bokbunja samples from the markets were adulterant berries. Hence, our results indicate that the produced molecular markers can serve as an effective tool to authenticate bokbunja.

Hypocholesterolemic effects of Curcuma longa L. with Nelumbo nucifera leaf in an in vitro model and a high cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mouse model

정명아,이선영,한슬희,홍지애,나주련,이준열,김영재,김선오 한국통합생물학회 2015 Animal cells and systems Vol.19 No.2

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the well-established risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in coronary heart disease. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of different types of extracts (aqueous, 20%-, and 80% ethanol) of Nelumbo nucifera leaf (NL) and Curcuma Longa L. (CL) on hypercholesterolemia in in vitro and in vivo models. Our results in in vitro experiments showed that treatment with various extracts of both NL and CL dose-dependently inhibited lipid accumulation and total cholesterol content. The 20% ethanol extract of NL (NL20E) and the aqueous extract of CL (CLW) showed the highest activity. The in vivo experimental group was fed a high cholesterol diet (HCD) with oral administration of NL20E, CLW, or a mixture of NL20E with CLW(NC; mixed equal ratio) for 8 weeks. The oral administration of NL20E, CLW, and NC (100 or 300 mg/kg/day) resulted in the suppression of the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, liver lipid level, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), atherogenic index (AI), cardiac risk factor (CRF), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), HMG-CoA reductase, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Similarly, the NL20E, CLW, and NC extracts elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. Furthermore, NC showed a remarkable hypocholesterolemic effect by decreasing the levels of hepatic TC, AI, LDL cholesterol, HMG-CoA reductase, and CRE and by increasing the levels of HDL cholesterol. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the NC has combined hypocholesterolemic effects that block lipid accumulation, thus preventing hypercholesterolemia.

토양미생물 Microbacterium esteraromaticum GS514에 의한 ginsenoside Re와 Rg1의 전환

박민주,양덕춘,김호빈,성락금,나주련 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.2007 No.6

유산균을 이용한 ginsenoside Rd의 전환

김명겸,박민주,양덕춘,김호빈,전림호,성락금,나주련 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.2007 No.6