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만성신부전 : 만성 신질환 환자에서 AST-120 (Kremezin(R))이 신기능 변화에 미치는 영향: 다기관 전향적 임상 연구
김동기 ( D. K. Kim ),김기현 ( K. H. Kim ),김양욱 ( Y. W. Kim ),김용림 ( Y. L. Kim ),김용수 ( Y. S. Kim ),김현철 ( H. C. Kim ),곽임수 ( I. S. Kwak ),오하영 ( H. Y. Oh ),이강욱 ( K. W. Lee ),조원용 ( W. Y. Cho ),최기철 ( K. C. Choi ),최 대한신장학회 2008 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.28 No.1
김용수(Y . S . Kim),김영붕(Y . B . Kim),유익종(I . J . Yoo) 한국축산학회 1993 한국축산학회지 Vol.35 No.6
The refrigeration of the meat is recently favored technique to preserve the meat without significant changes of meat quality caused by the freezing process. In fact, the low temperature during refrigeration is still an another culplit to deteriorate the meat quality. There have been several factors need to he considered in refregeration of meats to control the meat quality Microorganisms could be grown in chilled meat easily by utiliz ing various nutrients and greatly harmful to meat quality. Lipid oxidation and protein deterioration cause unpleasant ordor in chilled meat by producing the unstable reactants such as aldehyde, ketone and amine etc. Drip released during storage affect the purchasing preferences of consumers by making the appearance of meat pale and dry. Short storage duration is a limited factor in the refrigeration of meat. However, these problems could be improved or prevented when proper treatments are employed: packaging materials(PVC, PVDC, Cryovac), organic acid treatments(Lactic acid, Acetic aicid, Propionic acid etc.), modified atmosphere packaging (CO₂ and N₂ gas). In this revive, quality changes of chilled meat are discussed in relation to the treatments mentioned above.
당뇨병성 혈액투석 환자에서 동정맥루 조기 기능부전과 심혈관 사망률과의 연관성
김영옥 ( Kim Yeong Og ),윤선애 ( Yun Seon Ae ),송호철 ( Song Ho Cheol ),허기훈 ( Heo Gi Hun ),양철우 ( Yang Cheol U ),진동찬 ( Jin Dong Chan ),김용수 ( Kim Yong Su ),김석영 ( Kim Seog Yeong ),최의진 ( Choe Ui Jin ),장윤식 ( Jang Y 대한신장학회 2003 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.22 No.4
배 경 : 당뇨병성 만성 신부전증 환자에서 동정맥루 기능부전이 흔하게 발생하는 기전은 잘 알려져 있지 않지만 동정맥루 수술부위의 혈관 상태 불량과 관련이 있을 것으로 추정되고 있다. 그러므로 당뇨병성 만성 신부전증 환자에서 동정맥루 기능부전이 심혈관 사망률과 관련이 있을 것으로 추측되고 있으나 현재까지 이에 대한 보고가 없다. 이에 저자들은 당뇨병성 신부전증 환자에서 동정맥루 조기 기능부전과 심혈관계 사망에 어떠한 영향을 끼치는지를 조사하였다. 방 법 : 1995년 1월부터 2000년 12월까지 가톨릭대학교 의정부성모병원에서 동정맥루 수술을 시행 받은 당뇨병성 신부전증 환자 144명을 대상으로 하였다. 수술 후 1년 이내에 발생한 동정맥루 기능부전을 조사하고 2002년 12월까지 심혈관 사망률을 조사하였다. 전체 환자를 동정맥루 조기 기능부전군과 개존군으로 나누어 두 군간에 심혈관계 사망률을 Kaplan-Meier 방법과 log rank test를 이용하여 분석하였으며 심혈관계 이외의 사망과 추적 관찰 소실은 censored data로 처리하였다. 대상 환자의 평균 연령은 58±11세이었고 남자는 57명 (39.6%)이었다. 결 과 : 전체 144명 환자 증 동정맥루 조기 기능부전은 68명에서 발생하였다 (47.2%). 32±20개월의 추적 관찰 기간 동안 심혈관 사망은 62명 (43.1%)에서 발생하였다. 동정맥루 조기 기능부전군 (n=68)의 추적 관찰기간은 개존군 (n=76)에 비해 통계적 차이는 없었으나 짧은 경향을 보였다 (29±17 vs 35±22개월, p=0.07). 그러나 이 기간 동안 조기 기능부전군은 개존군에 비해 급성 심근경색증 (13.2% vs 3.9%, p=0.044), 울혈성 심부전증 (70.5% vs 13.1%, p<0.001), 말초동백질환 (20.5% vs 3.9%, p=0.002)의 발생빈도가 각각 높았다. 조기 기능부전군의 심혈관 사망률은 정상군에 비해 유의하게 높았다 (3년; 54.6% vs 24.6%, 5년; 77.0% vs 42.3%, p=0.005). 결 론 : 혈액투석을 받고 있는 당뇨병성 신부전증 환자에서 동정맥루 조기 기능부전은 심혈관 사망률과 관련이 있을 것으로 추정된다. Background : Although the exact mechanism in which vascular acces failure frequently occurs in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus is not well known, it is considered to be associated with the poor quality of the vessel at the vascular access operation sites. Therefore, vascular access failure may be associated with cardiovascular mortality in the diabetic patients, but it is not reported yet. We studied the impact of early vascular access failure on the cardiovascular morbidity in the hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods : This retrospective study enrolled 144 patients who received vascular access operation between January, 1995 and December, 2000 at Uijongbu St. Mary`s Hospital. We investigate vascular access failure within 1 year after the access operation and evaluated the cardiovascular death until December, 2002. We analyzed the cardiovascular mortality between early vascular failure group and patent group using Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test. Results : The mean age of the parients was 58±11 years and the number of male was 57 (39.6%). Early vascular access failure developed in 68 patients (47.2%). During 32±20 months of mean follow-up period, there was 62 cardiovascular deaths. The follow-up period tended to be shorter in the access failure group (n=68) than the patent group (n=76) (29±17 months vs 35±22 months, p=0.07). But the access failure group had higher incidence of acute myocardial infarction (13.2% vs 3.9%, p=0.044), congestive heart failure (70.5% vs 13.1%, p<0.001), and peripheral arterial disease (20.5% vs 3.9%, p=0.002), compared to the patent group. The cardiovascular mortality of the access failure group was higher than that of the patent group (3 year; 54.6% vs 24.6%, 5 year; 77.0% vs 42.3%, p=0.005). Conclusion : This data suggest that early vascular access failure is associated with the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Nephrol 2003;22(4):397-404)
김영붕(Y . B . Kim),김용수(Y . S . Kim),노정해(J . H . Rho),성기승(K . S . Sung),윤칠석(C . S . Yoon),이남형(N . H . Lee) 한국축산학회 1996 한국축산학회지 Vol.38 No.4
To establish the shelf-life of beef, vacuum-packaged imported chilled beef(chuck and knuckle) was purchased from 2 American companies(M. Co. and I. Co.). The samples were transported by air and stored at 4±1℃ and 0±1℃, respectively. The chemical composition, total microbes, anaerobic microbes, coliform colony count, drip loss, TBA value, volatile basic nitrogen(VBN) and sensory evaluation were determined. Since drip loss and TBA value do not show a direct influence on the shelf-life of beef, the microbial changes, VBN and sensory evaluation were focused. In the case of vacuum-packaged chilled beef, the time needed to reach 10^6 total microbes at 4±1℃ was 27 days after slaughtering, for beef from I. Co. and 30 days for M. Co. At 0±1℃, however, it was 62 days for I. Co. and 72 days for M. Co. Under the storage at 4±1℃, VBN of both I. Co. and M. Co. beef reached to 20.1㎎% after 37 days, while that of M. Co. after 83 days was 20.6㎎g% at 0±1℃. The sensory scores of freshness and odor were less than 4 for beef from both I. Co. and M. Co. stored at 4±1℃ for 37 days. Those scores of 1. Co. beef stored for 62 days and M. Co. beef stored for 72 days under 0±1℃ were also less than 4. Therefore, the shelf life of vacuum-packaged imported chilled beef from I. Co. and M. Co. was 37 days after slaughtering at 4±1℃, while that of beef from I. Co. was 62 days after slaughtering and that from M. Co. was 72 days, at 0±1℃.