154 kV 복도체 가공송전선로에서 전자력에 의한 소도체간 접촉

김상범,노희원,김영홍,고광만,박종혁,김상수,Kim, Sang-Beom,Noh, Hee-Won,Kim, Young-Hong,Ko, Kwang-Man,Park, Jong-Hyuk,Kim, Sang-Soo 한국전력공사 2016 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.2 No.3

국내 154 kV 복도체 가공송전선로를 대상으로 전자력에 의한 소도체간 접촉현상을 실증적으로 재현하고 대처 방안을 제시하였다. 도체에 흐르는 전류의 크기가 클수록, 스페이서의 간격이 클수록 소도체간에 작용하는 전자력은 크게 측정되었다. 스페이서 간격이 68 m일 경우 전류 크기가 2,000 A 일 때부터 소도체는 불안정한 상태가 되어 소도체간 간격이 변화하는 횡방향 진동이 시작되었다. 스페이서 간격이 136 m일 경우 전류 크기가 증가할수록 소도체간 간격은 좁아지다가 2,250 A 일 때 두 소도체는 완전히 접촉하였다. 스페이서 간격에 따른 전자력의 크기를 도식화하고 안전한 스페이서 간격을 제시하였다. 시험선로와 실선로 간에는 접촉현상이 발생하는 조건이 상이한 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 송전선로 가선 과정에서 도체에 가해진 여러 형태의 잔류 응력, 바람 조건 등의 차이 때문으로 판단되었다. Kissing of sub-conductors due to magnetic forces has been investigated in a 154 kV bundled overhead transmission line. With increasing ampacity of the conductors and enlarging the distance between spacers, lager magnetic force was measured. When the phase ampacity was 2,000 amps and the distance between two adjacent spacers was 68 m, for instance, the conductors became unstable and vibrated with a frequency of several herts. Furthermore, when the ampacity was 2,250 amps and the distance between spacers was 136 m, the two sub-conductors were contacted. Analysing the magnetic forces with distance of spacers, the safe distance of spacers to avoid contact of sub-conductors was presented. The change of the safe distance is discussed due to various parameters, such as residual stresses and wind pressures, in the real transmission lines.

기상요인과 황색종 잎담배의 화학성분과의 관계

김상범,조수헌,정열영,정기택,Kim Sang-Beom,Cho Soo-Heon,Chung Youl-Young,Jeong Kee-Taeg 한국연초학회 2004 한국연초학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between weather factors during the growing season and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco. Chemical components used in this study was from 'Farm Leaf Tobacco Test' conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1986 through 2003. Data of weather factors during growing season(April to July) were collected in 10 districts measured at Korea Meteorological Adminstration(KMA). Nicotine and total sugar contents, and total sugar to nicotine(TS/Nic.) ratio were increased, whereas total nitrogen to nicotine(TN/Nic.) ratio and chloride content were decreased from 1986 through 2003. Year to year variation of rainfall was the largest, followed by that of sunshine hour. Month to month variation of rainfall also was the largest, followed by that of mean daily air temperature(MDAT). Rainfall was correlated positively with relative humidity(RH), but negatively with sunshine hour. Nicotine content was correlated positively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in May$\~$July) and with RH(in June, July, May $\~$June, June $\~$July, April$\~$June, May $\~$July and average). Total sugar content was correlated positively with MDAT(in May), but negatively with sunshine hour(average) and RH(in June, July, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average). The positive correlation was found between total nitrogen content and sunshine hour(in April, May, April$\~$May, May$\~$July, April$\~$June and average). The negative correlation was found between TS/Nic. ratio and sunshine hour(in May$\~$July and average). TN/Nic. ratio was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in May and April$\~$May) and with RH(in July and June$\~$July), but negatively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average). Ether extraction content was correlated positively with MDAT(in July, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average) and with sunshine hour(in July and June$\~$July), but negatively with rainfall(in April, July, May­July and average). Chloride content was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in April, July, April$\~$May, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in April, April$\~$June and average).

동(Cu) 및 동합금(Bronze)의 부식생성물과 탈염처리

김상범,김현철,박형호,Kim, Sang-Beoum,Kim, Hyun-Cheol,Park, Hyung-Ho 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Benzotriazole (B.T.A) which has been mainly used for the stabilization processing method of excavated copper and bronze artifacts is vaporized within 2~3 years after the usage because it is unstable at the acid conditions and cannot protect the surface of artifacts. In this study, NaOH method which has been used for the steel artifacts was applied as a stabilization process for the method of copper and bronze artifacts to gush chlorine ion out. For the reproduction of excavated samples, copper and bronze plates were dipped in 0.1M HCl for 26 hrs to form CuCl, rusted at $70^{\circ}C$ with RH 75% for the formation of corrosion products, and desalted in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The concentration of chlorine ion was measured by using ionchromatography. During the desalting process, a large quantity of chlorine ions was gushed out in early period and corrosion products were not additionally generated through the re-corrosion experiment. This NaOH desalting process was found to be a method of stabilization process for copper and bronze artifacts from the formation of Tenorite (CuO) during desalting as a protection layer for corrosion.

판매성과가 높은 조직과 낮은 조직의 차이에 대한 사례연구 (K사 판매관리자의 코칭행동을 중심으로)

김상범,Kim, Sang-Bum 한국CRM학회 2010 CRM연구 Vol.3 No.1

지금까지 판매원 성과에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔지만, 최근 현장에서 높은 관심을 보이고 있는 코칭과 관련해서, 판매원 성과영향요인으로서 이 분야에 대한 연구는 다소 부족한 현실이다. 이에 본 연구는 판매조직 내에서 관리자의 코칭이 판매원들의 긍정적 태도형성 및 판매원 성과에 영향을 미칠 수 있을 지에 대한 문제의식을 가지고 시작하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 고성과 조직 5개와 저성과 조직 5개의 판매관리자들의 판매관리 활동 전반에 관하여 심층적으로 조사한 후 그 차이를 분석함으로써 이들 조직의 관리자들의 코칭의 개념을 구체화하고, 판매원성과의 중요한 변수로 밝혀진 바 있는 판매원의 조직몰입, 역할지각의 개념을 보다 구체화하고자 하였다. 10명의 판매관리자들의 인터뷰 기록을 종합하여 분석한 결과, 고성과 조직의 판매관리자들은 다음과 같은 특성을 갖고 있었다. 첫째, 고성과 조직의 판매관리자들은 판매원들에게 긍정적인 피드백, 역할모델의 제공, 신뢰관계의 유지와 같은 코칭의 특성이 강하게 나타났다. 둘째, 고성과 조직의 판매관리자와 판매원들은 자신이 속한 조직에 몰입하는 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 고성과 조직의 판매원들은 자신의 역할에 대한 지각이 명료하며 역할갈등이 저성과 조직에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 판매관리자의 코칭은 판매원들의 조직몰입, 역할지각 그리고 성과에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인으로서 구분되어 연구될 필요가 있음을 시사하고 있다. This study set out to shed more specific light onto sales managers' coaching and salespersons'organizational commitment and role perceptions, which have been proven to work as important variables in salespersons' performance. It thus conducted an in-depth investigation into the overall sale management activities of sales managers from five high-sales organizations and five low-sales organizations and analyzed differences between them. The interviews of the ten sales managers were combined and analyzed. As a result, the ones from the high-sales organizations demonstrated the following characteristics: first, the salespersons of the high-sales organizations were strongly committed to the goals and values of their organizations. Second, the salespersons of the high-sales organizations had clear perceptions of their roles and showed relatively fewer role conflicts than those of the low-sales organizations. Third, the sales managers of the high-sales organizations demonstrated coaching behavior strongly. They provided positive feedback and role models for the salespersons to follow, thus earning great respect from them and maintaining trust-based relationships with them. And finally, the sales managers' organizational commitment and role perceptions had positive impacts on the salespersons' organizational commitment and role perceptions. Those research findings indicate that sales managers' organizational commitment and role perceptions can be a positive role model to salespersons and that such a role model can have influences on salespersons' performances as part of the characteristics of coaching behavior.

홍역 환아의 비타민 A치에 관한 연구

김상범,신선희,박은영,양승,김홍대,오필수,윤혜선,Kim, Sang-Bum,Shin, Seon-Hee,Park, Eun-Young,Yang, Seung,Kim, Hong-Dae,Oh, Phil-Soo,Yoon, Hae-Sun 대한소아감염학회 2002 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.9 No.2

목 적 : 홍역 증상으로 입원한 환아와 홍역이외에 소아기에 흔한 모세기관지염, 폐렴, 위장염 등 기타 감염성 질환으로 입원한 환아들의 비타민 A치를 비교해 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 11월부터 2001년 4월까지 강남성심병원 소아과에 홍역증상으로 입원한 환아 133례와 2001년 12월부터 2002년 2월까지 기타 감염성질환으로 입원한 환아 30례를 대상으로, 홍역 특이 IgM 항체 양성이었던 환아를 홍역환아군, IgM 항체 음성인 환아를 홍역의증군, 홍역이외 기타 감염성질환군을 대조군으로 하여 나누어 각 군의 비타민 A치, 임상증상, 입원기간, 일반혈액검사 등을 비교 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) 홍역으로 확진된 104례 중 10~12개월(n=24, 23%), 13~15개월(n=16, 15.3%) 및 16개월~4세 연령군(n=24, 23%)이 가장 많았다. 2) 홍역환아군과 홍역의증군의 비타민 A 평균치는 각각 $69.6{\pm}28.6{\mu}g/dL$, $75.2{\pm}34.4{\mu}g/dL$이었으며, 기타 감염성질환군의 평균치($28.1{\pm}17.5{\mu}g/dL$)보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 3) 비타민 A치와 백혈구 수치, 발열지속기간과 입원기간은 모든 군에서 유의한 차이가 없었다(P> 0.05). 4) 비타민 A치는 2세 이상군과 2세 미만군을 비교할 때 모든 군에서 유의한 차이가 없었다(P> 0.05). 5) 비타민 A치는 모든 군에서 GOT/GPT와 상관관계는 없었으나, 홍역 증상으로 입원한 환아군에서 기타 감염성질환군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었다. 그러나 말초혈액 및 다른 생화학 검사소견은 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 결 론 : 홍역환아군과 홍역의증군의 비타민 A 평균치는 기타 감염성질환군의 비타민 A 평균치보다 유의하게 높았으나(P<0.05), 임상증상의 중증도 및 재원일수와 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. Purpose : This study was done to compare the vitamin A levels between hospitalized patients of measles symptoms and of the other infectious diseases common in childhood (bronchiolitis, penumonia, gastroenteritis and etc.). Methods : We have set up a population of 133 hospitalized patients of measles symptoms in the pediatric department of Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital between Nov. 2000~Apr. 2001 and compared them to a group of 30 hospitalized patients of other infectious diseases between Dec. 2001~Feb. 2002. The whole patients were divided into three groups by diagnosing measles-specific IgM antibody positive as measles group(n=104), negative as measles-susepcted group(n=29) and other infectious disease group. And we compared the vitamin A levels, clinical symptoms, and general hematological and biochemical results. Results : Among the 104 measles patients, the concentrated age groups were 10 12 months(n=24, 23.1%), 13~15 months(n=16, 15.3%) and 16 months~4 years of age(n=24, 23.1%). The mean levels of vitamin A of measles and measles-susepcted groups were $69.6{\pm}28.6{\mu}g/dL$ and $75.2{\pm}34.4{\mu}g/dL$, respectively, and that of other infectious disease group was $28.1{\pm}17.5{\mu}g/dL$. Conclusion : The mean levels of vitamin A of both measles and measles-suspected groups were significantly higher than that of other infectious disease group(P<0.05) and showed no significant correlations with clinical symptoms and hospitalization duration.

지혈대 없이 시행한 관절경하 후방십자인대 재건술

김상범,이영구,손정환,Kim, Sang-Bum,Lee, Young-Goo,Son, Jung-Hwan 대한관절경학회 2004 대한관절경학회지 Vol.8 No.2

목적: 관절경하 후방 십자 인대 재건술시 지혈대의 필요성에 대한 언급된 문헌이 없어 지혈 대 없이 시행하는 본원의 관절경하 후방십자인대 재건술 결과 및 술기에 대해 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2003년 5월까지 본원에서 후방십자인대 손상으로 관절경을 시행한 75례중 외측 측부인대 및 후외측 측부인대와 같은 동반손상으로 인해 관절외적 시술로 지혈대를 시행한 환자 16례와 술후 추시관찰이 12개월 이하인 10례를 제외한 49례의 단독 후방 십자 인대 손상 환자를 대상으로 하였고 자가 골-슬개건-골을 이용하여 재건한 경우 13례, 동종 골-슬개건-골을 이용하여 재건한 경우 19례, 동종 아킬레스 건을 이용하여 재건한 경우 17례였다 평가방법은 49례를 Lysholm knee scoring scale을 이용하여 비교하였다. 결과: 지혈대 없이 관절경하 후방 십자 인대 재건술을 한 경우 수술시간은 평균 105분 소요되었으며, 출혈로 인해 시야가 혼탁하여 지혈대를 사용한 경우는 없었다. 모든 환자에서 수술 부위의 부종, 국소 종창, 울혈, 환부 감염등은 관찰되지 않았다. Lysholm knee scoring scale을 이용한 평가 결과는 자가 골-슬개건-골을 이용한 경우는 평균 74점(fair) , 동종 아킬레스 건을 이용한 경우 75점(fair) , 동종 슬개건-골을 이용한 경우는 76점(fair)였다 결론: 관절경하 후방십자인대 재건술시 지혈대를 사용하지 않아도 수술에 어려움은 없으므로 지혈대 없이 재건술을 시행함으로써 지혈대로 인해 야기되는 합병증을 방지할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To report the results of arthroscope assisted posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction without tourniquet, which has not yet been reported in documents within the country. Materials and Methods: Out of the 75 cases of arthroscope assisted posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on patients with posterior cruciate ligament damage from January, 1998 to May,2003 in this hospital, study was done on 49 cases of patients with isolated posterior cruciate ligament damage, excluding 16 cases of patients who were applied tourniquet in extraarticular operation due to combined damage such as in lateral collateral ligament and posterolateral collateral ligament, and 10 cases where the postoperative observation period was less than 12 months. There were 13 cases where reconstruction was done using autogenous bone-patella tendon-bone, 19 cases using allogenous bone-patella tendon-bone, and 17 cases using allogenous achilles tendon. For assessment, the 49 cases were compared using Lysholm knee scoring scale. Results: The average duration of operation was 105 minutes. There were no severe complications such as swelling, bleeding, infection etc . Assessment results attained by Lysholm knee scoring scale was 74(fair) for cases where autogenous bone-patella ten-don-bone was used,75(fair) for cases where allogenous achilles tendon was used, and 76(fair) for cases where allogenous bone-patella tendon-bone was used. Conclusion: There are no difficulties to perform the arthroscopic assisted posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Reconstruction without tourniquet can be thought to prevent complications that could follow when using it.

Al2O3 분산 Zn-Co-Cr 전기도금강판의 제조조건 및 내식성에 관한 연구

김상범,서수정,박현순 ( S . B . Kim,S . J . Suh,H . S . Park ) 한국열처리공학회 1993 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.6 No.2

An improvement in corrosion resistance of various types of Zn-coated steel sheets is thought to be possible with the addition of fine oxide powder to the coating. In this study the corrosion resistance of the Al₂O₃ dispersed Zn-Co-Cr electroplated steel sheet has been investigated and the results were as follows : The corrosion resistance of Al₂O₃dispersed Zn-Co-Cr electroplated steel sheets was improved by increasing the contents of Co and Cr ions, and also Al₂O₃powders in the bath because of the increased amount of Co, Cr and Al₂O₃in deposits. In the Al₂O₃dispersed Zn-Co-Cr electroplated steels sheet, the structure of deposits was changed from fine microstructure as observed in high Co containing deposits to coarse microstructure as in high Cr and Al₂O₃containing deposits. By cold rolling of the Al₂O₃dispersed Zn-Co-Cr electroplated steel sheets to about 2 percent, thr corrosion resistance was improved further.

생산 연도 및 지역별 황색종 잎담배의 이화학성 평가

김상범,정기택,조수헌,복진영,이종률,Kim Sang-Beom,Jeong Kee-Taeg,Cho Soo-Heon,Bock Jin-Young,Lee Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2006 한국연초학회지 Vol.28 No.1

To get the information of flue-cured leaf, the chemical constituents, quality indices, leaf color and the effects of climatic factors on the physicochemical properties of leaf produced from 2000 to 2004 crop years at 6 growing areas were analysed. The average leaf chemical contents for 5 years were as follows ; nicotine 2.22%, total sugar 28.0%, total nitrogen 1.89%, ether extracts 6.37% and chlorine 0.38%. The nicotine and total nitrogen contents were low while the total sugar were high as compared with KT&G recommended contents(nicotine ; $2.5{\sim}3.0%$, total nitrogen; $2.0{\sim}2.5%$, total sugar ; below 25.0%). The variations of physicochemical properties among crop years were high while those of growing areas relatively low. The nicotine content of leaf was negatively correlated to the rainfalls in June and July sugar content was negatively correlated to the average air temperature in June and July according to crop years. The orange colored leaves were produced under the drought and long sunshine weather condition while the lemon colored leaves were produced under the contrary condition according to crop years. Blending the different crop year's leaves in the proper way may be beneficial to produce of uniform and consistent cigarettes. It is considered that the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer or improving of nitrogen uptake may be available to increase the nicotine and nitrogen and decrease the total sugar contents of flue-cured leaf tobacco.

마 Yoghurt 의 이화학적 및 미생물학적 성질

김상범,김기영,임종우 ( S . B . Kim,K . Y . Kim,J . W . Lim ) 한국낙농학회 1998 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.20 No.3

토목분야의 CM교육현황

김상범,우성권,Kim, Sang-Beom,Woo, Seong-Gwon 한국건설관리학회 2005 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.6 No.5