TDI 노출 작업자에서 직업성천식 및 항체반응

김덕인 ( Deok In Kim ),김형렬 ( Hyoung Ryoul Kim ),박해심 ( Hae Sim Park ),박신구 ( Sin Gu Park ),임종한 ( Jong Han Leem ),노재훈 ( Jae Hoon Roh ),김정구 ( Jeong Goo Kim ),윤병갑 ( Byeong Kab Yoon ),김철우 ( Cheol Woo Kim ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2005 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.25 No.4

Background: Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is known to be the most common cause of occupational asthma (OA) in Korea. Although TDI can elicit humoral immune responses including specific-IgE (sIgE) and specific-IgG (sIgG) responses, the exact role of these immune responses has not been clearly clarified yet. Objective: This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of TDI-induced OA, and to evaluate the clinical significance of TDI-related humoral immune responses in currently TDI-exposed workers. Method: Questionnaire interview for respiratory symptoms was conducted to 170 workers with direct exposure to TDI (exposed group). After screening survey, workers with suspected occupational asthma were selected for methacholine and TDI bronchial provocation tests (BPTs). Serum sIgG and sIgE antibodies to TDI-HSA conjugate, and sIgG to cytokeratin (CK) 8, 18, and 19 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 170 exposed workers, and compared with 61 unexposed workers in the same workplace (unexposed group) and 75 unexposed healthy controls(healthy control group). Result: Eleven (6.9%) among 170 workers complained symptoms of OA, and 7 of 11 symptomatic workers showed positive airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (4.1%). One worker with spray-painting job was confirmed as having TDI-induced asthma by showing positive responses to both methacholine and TDI BPTs. The prevalence of sIgG to TDI-HSA conjugate was significantly higher in TDI-exposed workers (10.1%) than in unexposed workers (0%) and healthy control (2.7%). However, no significant difference was noted between symptomatic (18.2%) and asymptomatic workers (9.5%) among the exposed group. The prevalences of sIgE to TDI-HSA conjugate and sIgG to CK 8, 18, 19 were not significantly different between the three groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of TDI-induced OA was noted to 0.58% in the current working environments. The clinical significance of TDI-induced humoral immune responses may be clarified by further prospective studies. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;25:276-283)

침윤성 심근병증 형태를 동반한 호산구증가증후군

김덕인 ( Deok In Kim ),김민수 ( Min Su Kim ),신재원 ( Jae Won Shin ),구관민 ( Guan Min Gu ),이동욱 ( Dong Wook Lee ),이재광 ( Jae Kwang Lee ),이유진 ( Yu Jin Lee ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2009 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.29 No.2

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia and multiorgan dysfunction in the absence of known causes of hypereosinophilia. HES shows tissue infiltration in many organs including heart, lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract. A 38-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of chest discomfort for 2 days. Routine blood tests showed an increased eosinophil count (2,796/mm3). Transthoracic echocardiography and chest CT revealed generalized thickening of the left ventricle. Bronchoalveolar larva-geshowed marked increase of eosinophil up to 72%. The patient was diagnosed with HES, which involved heart and lung. He was treated with oral glucocorticoid for 7 days. His symptoms were improved dramatically and myocardial deposits disappeared. Cardiac and pulmonary manifestations are common in HES and these were present in this case. We herein report a case of HES presenting cardiac involvement as infiltrative pattern at the left ventricle and pulmonary involvement. As in our case, early diagnosis often leads to more appropriate management and better prognosis. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;29:123-126)

자세와 수면 박탈이 심박 변이도에 미치는 영향

심영우(Young Woo Shim),양동인(Dong In Yang),김남현(Nam Hyun Kim),김덕원(Deok Won Kim) 大韓電子工學會 2010 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.47 No.2

자율신경계는 불수의적 활동 기능을 조절해 주는 신경계통으로, 자율신경계의 활성 정도를 정량적으로 평가하기 위해 심박변이도가 이용된다. 그러나 심박 변이도는 환경 변화나 심리 상태의 변화 등에 민감하게 반응하며, 자세와 수면 박탈에 의해서도 심박 변이도가 달라질 수 있다. 특히 전자파 자원자 연구에서는 자각 증상 및 인지 여부에 의한 수면 박탈로 심박 변이도가 달라질 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 자세에 따른 수면 박탈 횟수와 심박 변이도를 30분간 6 stage에서 측정하였고, 앉은 자세와 누운 자세에서 측정된 심박 변이도를 비교하여 앉은 자세나 누운 자세에서 심박 변이도를 측정하는 실험에 어떠한 자세가 적합한지 결정하고자 하였다. 심박 변이도 분석은 전력 스펙트럼을 이용한 주파수 영역에서의 LF (low frequency) / HF (high frequency)를 이용하였고, stage 1을 100%로 하여 개인 및 성별에 따른 초기 LF/HF 차이를 상쇄시켜 주었다. LF/HF 증가는 교감 신경의 활성 증가를 나타내고 감소는 교감 신경의 활성 감소를 나타낸다. 교차 분석 결과 수면 박탈은 자세의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 (p=0.002), LF/HF에 대하여 자세만을 변수로 고려하였다. 앉은 자세에서 수면 박탈 횟수는 모든 stage에서 누운 자세보다 유의하게 적었다 (p<0.05). 자세는 LF/HF에 유의한 영향을 끼쳤으며 (p=0.033), 앉은 자세에서는 stage 1과 비교하여 LF/HF가 stage 4, 5, 6에서 유의하게 증가하였고 (p<0.05), 누운 자세에서는 stage 1과 비교하여 모든 stage에서 LF/HF가 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.05). 따라서 앉은 자세가 누운 자세보다 수면 박탈 횟수가 적고 LF/HF 변화가 작기 때문에 피험자가 깨어 있어야 하는 심박 변이도 측정 실험에 있어서 더 적합한 자세라고 사료된다. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) acts as a control system functioning largely below the level of consciousness, and controls visceral functions. The activity of the ANS has been assessed by means of the heart rate variability (HRV). It has been reported that HRV is dependent on sex, age, body mass index, and smoking, etc. However, the effects of posture and sleep deprivation on HRV have rarely been reported. Objective of our work was to find out which posture is appropriate for stable HRV. We measured the number of sleep deprivation and HRV using power spectrum in six stages for 30 minutes. Increased low frequency (LF) power and high frequency (HF) power indicate enhanced sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, respectively. We determined the LF/HF ratio to minimize individual difference. It was found that sleep deprivation by awakening up subjects was affected by posture, which resulted in changes of LF/HF. Although LF/HF varied with time, it was more stable in sitting than in supine. In conclusion, we recommend sitting posture when measuring HRV because of less sleep deprivation resulting in less variation in LF/HF.

알레르기 환자에서 한국의 대표적 흡입성 항원 16종의 특이 IgE 측정: GENEDIA-ELISA (Genedia Inhalant Allergen ELISA)법과 MAST-Immunoblot (RIDASCREEN)법 결과 비교

박창한 ( Chang Han Park ),권용은 ( Yong Eun Kwon ),김덕인 ( Deok In Kim ),권혁수 ( Hyouk Soo Kwon ),손성욱 ( Seong Wook Sohn ),박흥우 ( Heung Woo Park ),장윤석 ( Yoon Seok Chang ),김선신 ( Sun Sin Kim ),성기민 ( Ki Min Seong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2007 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.27 No.1

Background and Objective: A novel multiple antigen simultaneous test using ELISA assay (GENEDIA-ELISA) has been developed. It includes two spotted spider mite (TSM) and Japanese Hop pollen (Hop J), which are currently common allergens in Korea but were not readily available for test in the past. The aim of this study was to validate GENEDIA-ELISA assay and to compare it with MAST-Immunoblot assay which was one of the commonly used in vitro tests in Korea. Method: One hundred eight patients were evaluated with skin prick tests, MAST-Immunoblot and GENEDIA-ELISA assay. Using skin prick test results (A/H ratio>1) as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of GENEDIA-ELISA (cut-off=class 2) and MAST-Immunoblot (cut-off=class 2) were examined. The results were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Result: The overall sensitivity of GENEDIA-ELISA was higher than that of MAST-Immunoblot (61.4% vs. 38.4%; P<0.05) while the overall specificity of each test was similar (88.5% vs. 93.9%). There was a higher correlation between GENEDIA-ELISA and skin prick tests than that obtained between MAST-Immunoblot and skin prick tests (0.47 vs. 0.39). In ROC analysis, the overall result of GENEDIA-ELISA yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.75, which indicated that this assay is more accurate test than MAST-Immunoblot (AUC=0.66). The sensitivities for TSM and Hop J on GENEDIA-ELISA were 83.3% and 83.3%, respectively, and AUC were 0.73 and 0.89, respectively. Conclusion: GENEDIA-ELISA assay may be a sensitive and acceptable tool of specific IgE against common inhalant allergens in Korea. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;27:26-32)

유도객담에서 호산구 증가가 있는 만성 기침 환자의 원인 분석

손성욱 ( Seong Wook Sohn ),양민석 ( Min Seok Yang ),이소희 ( So Hee Lee ),송우정 ( Woo Jung Song ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),권혁수 ( Hyouk Soo Kwon ),김덕인 ( Deok In Kim ),박창한 ( Chang Han Park ),박흥우 ( Heung Woo Park ),장윤석 대한천식알레르기학회 2007 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.27 No.2

Background: Eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) is recently regarded as an important cause of chronic cough. However, sputum eosinophilia is commonly encountered in the other causes of chronic cough such as upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) and asthma. Objective: To evaluate the cause of chronic cough with sputum eosinophilia. Method: We investigated patients with chronic cough. Induced sputum, methacholine bronchial provocation test, skin prick test, throat examination, chest X-ray, paranasal sinus (PNS) x-ray and rhinoscopy were performed. Result: Sputum was induced in 287 patients. Sputum eosinophilia greater than 3% was present in 117 (40.8%) patients. Among 117 patients with sputum eosinophilia, eosinophilic asthma was diagnosed in 36 (30.8%) patients, chest X-ray abnormality or ACEI use was detected in 18 (15.4%) patients, and the remaining 63 (53.8%) patients could be considered to have EB. Among 63 patients with EB, UACS and GERD were found to be combined in 48 (76.2%) and 2 (3.2%) patients, respectively. EB alone without the other causes was diagnosed in 13 (11.1%) patients. Among total 287 patients, EB was detected in 22.0%, and EB alone without the other causes in 4.5%. Conclusion: Sputum eosinophilia can be frequently detected in chronic cough. EB is the common cause in chronic cough with sputum eosinophilia. However, EB is likely to be associated with UACS, which should be considered in cases of EB. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;27:125-130)

온실 내 자율이송을 위한 농업용 무인차량의 경로생성방법

김덕하 ( Deok Ha Kim ),황성욱 ( Sung Wook Hwang ),박종현 ( Jong Hyeon Park ),양승환 ( Seung Hwan Yang ),장인훈 ( In Hoon Jang ),최동운 ( Dong Woon Choi ),이덕연 ( Duk Yeon Lee ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.1

무인항공기(UAV) 스테레오 영상을 이용한 입체시 및 3D 공간정보 구축 분석

김덕인(Deok-In, Kim),강동원(Dong-Won Kang),이호(Ho-Lee) 대한공간정보학회 2016 한국지형공간정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.05

무인항공기의 국토모니터링분야 적용을 위한 연구

김덕인(Kim, Deok-In),송영선(Song, Yeong-Sun),김기홍(Kim, Gihong),김창우(Kim, Chang-Woo) 한국측량학회 2014 한국측량학회지 Vol.32 No.1

고해상도 항공영상 기반 지적측량업무지원시스템의 개발 연구

김덕인(Kim, Deok In),김기수(Kim, Ki Soo),오이균(Oh, Yi Kyun),홍성언(Hong, Sung Eon) 한국지적학회 2014 한국지적학회지 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 고해상도 항공영상을 기반으로 지적측량의 경계설정 특성에 적정하도록 지형의 높이 값을 고려할 수 있는 다양한 영상 기법을 이용해 지적측량업무지원시스템을 개발해보고자 하였다. 그리고 시스템의 정확도와 효율성을 평가해 지적측량 실무 지원의 가능성을 제시해 보고자 하였다. 연구결과, 지적전문가의 요구사항을 분석ㆍ수용해 고해상도 항공사진영상 기반의 지적측량업무지원시스템(프로토타입)을 개발하였다. 시스템의 정확성을 평가해 보고자 영상관측점 29점에 대해 지적전문가에 의해 추출된 성과를 비교한 결과 평면위치 오차의 RMSE가 X=±0.04m, Y=±0.05m로 양호하게 도출되었다. 따라서 본 연구의 시스템을 지적측량업무 지원에 활용한다면, 현장의 지적측량의 성과결정 난이도 정도의 파악 및 여러 실무전문가들의 논의 등이 가능하기 때문에 안정적인 성과결정의 유도에 효율성이 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study is intended to develop a cadastral surveying support system using various image techniques which can consider terrain height to satisfy land boundary setting features of cadastral surveying based on high resolution aerial photo images. It also aims to suggest possibility of practical support of cadastral surveying by system accuracy and efficiency. According to the study result, a cadastral surveying support system(prototype) was developed based on high resolution aerial photo images by analyzing and accepting cadastral experts' requirements. In order to evaluate system accuracy, results generated by cadastral experts for 29 image observation points were compared to show RMSE of planar position error is positive with X=0.04m and Y=0.05m. Therefore, using the system in the study to support cadastral surveying will contribute to understanding difficulty level of decision making of cadastral surveying results and facilitating discussion among many practical experts. As a result, it is expected to bring stable and reliable decision making of cadastral surveying results.

전자계산기에 의한 전자기기의 최적 설계방식연구

김덕진,박인갑,김선영,Kim, Deok-Jin,Park, In-Gap,Kim, Seon-Yeong 대한전자공학회 1975 전자공학회지 Vol.12 No.6

A method by which one can optimize the complex responses of electronic circuits has been suggested. represented in the complex forms, the optimization methods presented so far have dealt with real magnitude and phase responses of circuits. Design examples are shown on the optimal designs of an amplifier, filter, operational circuits transmission lines. and a wave-shaping circuit. 본 논문에서는 복소함수에 대한 최적설계 이론을 제안하여 연산회로, 파형성형회로, 여파기, 증폭기, 전송선로 등의 설계에 적용하여 본 결과, 실험치와도 잘 일치하였으며, 복소함수의 두가지 요소인 절대치와 위상을 동시에 고려한 회로망의 최적설계를 가능하게 하였으며, 또 여러 가지 상이한 회선정수를 포함하는 경우라도 설계가능하도록 무게함수의 선정 방법을 제시하였다. A method by which one can optimize the complex responses of electronic circuits has been suggested. represented in the complex forms, the optimization methods presented so far have dealt with real magnitude and phase responses of circuits. Design examples are shown on the optimal designs of an amplifier, filter, operational circuits transmission lines. and a wave-shaping circuit.