나쓰메 소세키의 근대문명에 대한 경탄·환멸·우려 고찰

權赫建(권혁건, Kwon, Hyuk-Gun),白川春子(시라카와 하루코, Shirakawa, Haruko),鄭智潤(정지윤, Jeong, Ji-Yun) 일본어문학회 2009 일본어문학 Vol.45 No.-

First, in the beginning of his study in England, Natsume Soseki admired and showed his respect about advances in the means of transportation including a train, splendid buildings, and advances of subway line. Second, according to know about a darker shadow of England and modern civilization, Natsume Soseki was out of aspiration and respect and criticized the British culture sharply, and he tried to pace his way. Third, Natsume Soseki was civilized by accepting modern civilization and felt a possibility of modern Japan in rapid changes. At the same time, he worried about a limit due to sudden changes, mental anguish from keen competition, and so on. However, he neither spoke out against nor made an alternative plan about acceptance of modern civilization.

RNN(Recurrent Neural Network)을 이용한 기업부도예측모형에서 회계정보의 동적 변화 연구

권혁건(Hyukkun Kwon),이동규(Dongkyu Lee),신민수(Minsoo Shin) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2017 지능정보연구 Vol.23 No.3

기업의 부도는 이해관계자들뿐 아니라 사회에도 경제적으로 큰 손실을 야기한다. 따라서 기업부도예측은 경영학 연구에 있어 중요한 연구주제 중 하나로 다뤄져 왔다. 기존의 연구에서는 부도 예측을 위해 다변량판별분석, 로짓분석, 신경망분석 등 다양한 방법론을 이용하여 모형의 부도 예측력을 높이고 과적합의 문제를 해결하고자 시도하였다. 하지만 기존의 연구들이 시간적 요소를 고려하지 않아 발생할 수 있는 문제점들을 갖고 있음에도 불구하고 부도 예측에 있어서 동적 모형을 이용한 연구는 활발히 진행되고 있지 않으며 따라서 동적 모형을 이용하여 부도예측모형이 더욱 개선될 여지가 있다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 RNN(Recurrent Neural Network)을 이용하여 시계열 재무 데이터의 동적 변화를 반영한 모형을 만들었으며 기존의 부도예측모형들과의 비교분석을 통해 부도 예측력의 향상에 도움이 된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 모형의 유용성을 검증하기 위해 KIS Value의 재무 데이터를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였고 비교모형으로는 다변량판별분석, 로짓분석, SVM, 인공신경망을 선정하였다. 실험 결과 제안된 모형이 비교 모형에 비해 우수한 예측력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 변수들의 변화를 포착하는 동적 모형을 부도예측에 새롭게 제안하여 부도예측 연구의 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Corporate bankruptcy can cause great losses not only to stakeholders but also to many related sectors in society. Through the economic crises, bankruptcy have increased and bankruptcy prediction models have become more and more important. Therefore, corporate bankruptcy has been regarded as one of the major topics of research in business management. Also, many studies in the industry are in progress and important. Previous studies attempted to utilize various methodologies to improve the bankruptcy prediction accuracy and to resolve the overfitting problem, such as Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA), Generalized Linear Model (GLM). These methods are based on statistics. Recently, researchers have used machine learning methodologies such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Furthermore, fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms were used. Because of this change, many of bankruptcy models are developed. Also, performance has been improved. In general, the company’s financial and accounting information will change over time. Likewise, the market situation also changes, so there are many difficulties in predicting bankruptcy only with information at a certain point in time. However, even though traditional research has problems that don’t take into account the time effect, dynamic model has not been studied much. When we ignore the time effect, we get the biased results. So the static model may not be suitable for predicting bankruptcy. Thus, using the dynamic model, there is a possibility that bankruptcy prediction model is improved. In this paper, we propose RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) which is one of the deep learning methodologies. The RNN learns time series data and the performance is known to be good. Prior to experiment, we selected non-financial firms listed on the KOSPI, KOSDAQ and KONEX markets from 2010 to 2016 for the estimation of the bankruptcy prediction model and the comparison of forecasting performance. In order to prevent a mistake of predicting bankruptcy by using the financial information already reflected in the deterioration of the financial condition of the company, the financial information was collected with a lag of two years, and the default period was defined from January to December of the year. Then we defined the bankruptcy. The bankruptcy we defined is the abolition of the listing due to sluggish earnings. We confirmed abolition of the list at KIND that is corporate stock information website. Then we selected variables at previous papers. The first set of variables are Z-score variables. These variables have become traditional variables in predicting bankruptcy. The second set of variables are dynamic variable set. Finally we selected 240 normal companies and 226 bankrupt companies at the first variable set. Likewise, we selected 229 normal companies and 226 bankrupt companies at the second variable set. We created a model that reflects dynamic changes in time-series financial data and by comparing the suggested model with the analysis of existing bankruptcy predictive models, we found that the suggested model could help to improve the accuracy of bankruptcy predictions. We used financial data in KIS Value (Financial database) and selected Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA), Generalized Linear Model called logistic regression (GLM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model as benchmark. The result of the experiment proved that RNN’s performance was better than comparative model. The accuracy of RNN was high in both sets of variables and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) value was also high. Also when we saw the hit-ratio table, the ratio of RNNs that predicted a poor company to be bankrupt was higher than that of other comparative models. However the limitation of this paper is that an overfitting problem occurs during RNN learning. But we expect to be able to solve the overfitting problem by selecting more lear

나쓰메 소세키의 징병기피 연구

權赫建(Kwon Hyuk-Gun) 동북아시아문화학회 2009 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.18

It was for his draft evasion that Nastume Soseki had his name deleted from his family registry book and registered his name under his own registry book of Hokkaido on April 5th in 1892, the place where he had never been before. He, at that time, sensed high possibility of a war between Japan and China, and this eventually led to his sudden change of family register. Nastume Soseki’s draft evasion could be an obstacle for him to sharply criticize the imperialistic policy of Japan and to raise his voice against the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo–Japanese War. Besides, it was also supposed to be limit to his criticism over Japan’s imperialistic invasions and its colonial policy on other ethnic groups. It is, therefore, undeniable that there was a certain relation between his draft evasion and his silence on the harmful consequences by colonial policy of Japan. His not criticizing the imperialistic policy of Japan due to the draft evasion definitely hindered him from being considered as a symbol of intellectuals and writers of North East Asianowadays.

이광수와 나쓰메 소세키의 문학교육론이 지닌 근대성 비교연구

권혁건(Kwon,Hyuk-Gun),이호규(Lee,Ho-Gyoo),김주현(Kim,Ju-Hyun) 동북아시아문화학회 2011 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.28

Soseki is representative novelist and theorists of Japanese modern literature, and Lee Gwangsoo (Lee) is known as person who opened doors to Korean modern literature. They are representing not only Korean and Japanese modern literature, but also Oriental modern literature. We focused on the early stages of their literary theories. As well, looked into their arguments based on their ideas of literary education in relation between literature and society. Although Soseki and Lee are both representatives of Korean and Japanese modern literature, we have found their literary theories to have contrasts, as well as undertoned ideal substance. Their findings show identical recognition in defining the workings of human mind as intellect, emotion and volition. Also, their thoughts on the realm of emotion is the characteristic of literature, and explained modern literature by drawing the concepts of rationality and truth. Soseki insisted literary art is not a simple skill; a literary artist could influence others due to their ideals that a literary artist is someone who has the biggest and highest ideals. Lee’s argument resembles Soseki’s argument. Lee contended literary art can be made simply with skill and endeavor. Only highly gifted artist can take charge of a growing self-regulating person who could lead society through literature. Soseki and Lee both, therefore, conclude the Occidental natural science (in other words, education that is logical and substantiate) is modern education, and upcoming Oriental new education need to take after. We found Soseki and Lee have contended education through literature that could produce self-regulating and liberal individuals based on the mentioned Occidental new education.

나쓰메 소세키의 『夢十夜』 「第二夜」에 나타난 깨달음 고찰

權赫建(Kwon Hyuk-Gun),李虎揆(Lee Ho-Gyoo),黃恩美(Hwang Eun-Mi) 동북아시아문화학회 2010 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.24

What the writer has analyzed so far is as follows; First, Natsume Soseki emphasizes through 「The Second Night」 in 『Ten Nights of Dream』 and 『Door』 that Enlightenment is a process of asceticism which requires persistence and patience, and that we can not attain it without emptying obstinacy, desire and more from our mind and allowing some time. It is thought that he expressed in the novel that it is fundamentally too much for Modern people, who can not overcome the process of asceticism leading to enlightenment through sitting in Zen meditation and are shrouded in distracting thoughts and obsession, to come close to the world of enlightenment. Second, It seems that Natsume Soseki tried to imprint the extremes of desire for the warrior's enlightenment on a person's mind who reads 「The Second Night」 in 『Ten Nights of Dream』. Third, it is considered that 「The Second Night」 in 『Ten Nights of Dream』 describes a warrior who is set in his own opinions to find enlightenment blindly without knowing the painful process of asceticism that he must leave all his desire and obsession behind and strive to concentrate on his way to seek the truth, and the sacred meaning of enlightenment for sure.

한국의 일본근현대문학 교육의 과거,현재,미래 조명 -대학의 일어일문학과를 중심으로-

권혁건 ( Hyuk Gun Kwon ) 한국일본어교육학회 2011 日本語敎育 Vol.55 No.-

韓國における日本近現代文學敎育の過去·現在·未來をテ―マに分析した結果を要約すると以下の通りである。最初に、最近大學社會で文學敎育の重要性を認識するようになったのは、文學敎育を擔當した敎育者ちの努力と說得によってではなく、コンピュ―タをはじめとする電算敎育の限界、企業からの要求、敎育科學技術部の政策變化によるものであることが認められる。第二に、學生の受講能力を考慮して、一部特定の日本近現代文學講座はテキストに飜譯本を使用しても構わないと考えられる。水準の高い飜譯本を探し出しそれをテキストに用いて講義をすれば受講生の原書に對する拒否感をぬぐうことができ、作家と作品に對しより深く論議し討論することが可能になるであろう。第三に、日本近現代文學敎育も講讀式授業から果敢に拔け出し、發表や討論中心の授業に變える必要がある。受講生の理解度を高めるためにパワ―ポイント·寫眞·映畵·動畵などを授業に導入して、作家の生涯·作品のテ―マ·主人公の人間像等をわかりやすく敎育することが必要であると思われる。第四に、敎育者は講義內容に出てくる各地域·文學館·博物館·記念館等を實際に訪問するのが望ましい。徹底して文學現場を確認して關連資料を收集し、それをもって敎育してこそ自信を持って講義を進めることができる。また、收集した資料をもとにパワ―ポイントや動畵に編集して敎育することは文學敎育だけでなく、硏究にも充實する基盤を提供することになり、敎育者に精神的な自信をもたらすものと確信する。

나쓰메 소세키의 『그 후(それから)』연구

권혁건(Kwon Hyuk-Gun),신윤주(Shin Yun-Ju) 동북아시아문화학회 2007 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.- No.-

The question resolves itself into the following three points. First, Taisuke could have come by a proper job if he had wanted to but he spent his time doing nothing. That is why we can say that he was not an unemplyed intellectual in Meji Era but a creative one, Soseki wrote. Second, considering that he rushed out into the street to get a job only after his family stopped offering the financial help. He seemed to consider himself as a noble person and so he didn't want to find his vocation. That made him feel anxious. Third, there were some changes in Taisuke's mind and behaviour after Hiraoke and Michio got manied. He let them meet and get manied three years ago because of the obligation as a friend and chivalry. That caused him to feel some uneasiness. Through this study I can make clear why Taisuke was under some uneasiness. In a word, he regarded himself as a noble person, which made him lazy and he made Michio, he loved, get married to Hiraoka. These two things are the main reasons for his anxiety.

나쓰메 소세키 작품 『夢十夜』「第七夜」와 최인훈 작품 『광장』에 나타난 투신자살 비교 연구

권혁건(Kwon Hyuk-Gun),임성규(Im Sung-Gyu) 한국일본문화학회 2003 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.16

What I have compared and analyzed above can be summarized as follows: First, there are some structural between Soseki's novels. 『The Night Dream』, 「The Seventh Night」, and Choi's novel 『The Square』. Second, some differences were detected in describing the suicides between the two novelists' works. Third, I have uncovered the obvious differences of the motives for suicide between the two novelists. Fourth, I have pointed out the relevance between the differences of suicide and the modernization process both in Korea and Japan. There are some differences which can represent most of the characteristic differences between the two novelist's works. In 「The Seventh Night」, we can see the conflicts and anxiety of the contemporary intellectuals against the Japan's sudden modernization and its civilization following the influx of Western culture. The novel embodies the individual anxiety and sorrow prevalent in the society of the modernization oriented Japan. 『The Square』 reflects the problematic conflicts which a young intellectual feels between the two opposing ideologies at the time of turbulence from the independence to the Korean Conflict. This fictional embodiment stands for the political thoughts and systems and the conflicting ideologies in the modernizing society of North and South Koreas.

나쓰메 소세키의 『夢十夜』「第三夜」와 동아시아문학 비교 연구

권혁건(Kwon Hyuk-Gun),한광수(Han Kwang-Soo) 한국일본문화학회 2004 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.22

나쓰메 소세키 작품『소레카라(それから)』에 나타난 아이의 죽음 연구

權赫建(Kwon Hyuk-Gun) 한국일본문화학회 2004 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.20