도농복합형 경기도 N시의 폐기물발생량조사와 종량제실시 현황조사

배재근,심혁성,김혜경 서울産業大學校 1996 논문집 Vol.43 No.1

도농복합형의 경기도 N시에 대하여 폐기물처리의 적정성을 평가하기 위하여 기초자료로서 폐기물발생량과 종량제실시에 따른 성과 및 문제점에 대하여 검토하였다. 경기도 N시에서 발생하는 폐기물의 발생량에 대하여 현장조사를 한 결과, 지역별로 발생량에 대한 차이가 있어 농촌형의 경우에는 1인당 1일 발생량이 0.566kg로 조사되었으며, 도시형의 경우에는 0.832kg, 도농복합형의 경우에는 0.79kg을 보였다. 경기도N시의 평균발생량은 0.782kg을 보였다. 또한 종량제가 실시된 후에 각시도에서 수거한 수거실적에 근거하여 조사한 결과, 생활폐기물의 발생량이 0.740kg으로서 현장조사와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 여기에 대행업체 및 재활용업체에서 수거한 량을 조사한 결과 1인당 1일발생량이 0.950kg로 조사되었다. 또한 종량제실시에 따른 현황을 조사한 결과, 종량제봉투중에 20리터를 가장 많이 선호하고 있었으며, 종량제실시로 인한 예산의 수입이 257%나 증가하였다. 이것에 비교하여 종량제봉투의 재정자립도를 조사한 결과, 봉투별로 차이는 있었으나 38∼50%선을 보여 재정자립도가 낮은 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 봉투의 사용율을 조사한 결과, 낮은 지역 74%에서 높은 지역 91%을 보여 아직까지 봉투의 사용율이 100%까지는 되지 않고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 재정자립도 및 봉투의 사용율을 높이기 위해서는 폐기물관리대책에 적극적인 대책의 수립과 민영화방안을 검토할 필요성이 있는 것으로 조사되었다. In order to Evaluate the propriety the Muncipal wastes treatment for "N City" in KyungKi-Do that is assumed as a complex of urban and rural district, the performance and problem for implementation of the wastes occurrence and a specific commercial system have been studied as a basically data. As a result of investigation for the wastes occurrence generated in "N City", we are able to find that there are big difference among areas. In case of rural style, 0.566kg has been generated per a person per a day and in case of urban style, 0.32kg has been generated and in case of a complex of urban and rural district, 0.832kg has been generated. The average occurrence of "N City" in KyungKi-Do is 0.782kg. After implementing the specific commercial system, the report based on the each city and do showed that the occurrence of the wastes is similar with the date from an the spot investigation. The weight collected by recycle company showed 0.210kg/day.person. It is investigated that the total wastes weight of "N City" is 0.95kg/day.person. The review result of specific commercial system shows that the most common is 20 liter among the specific commercial bags and budget income. The review result of financial in dependence of specific commercial system also tells us that it is 38∼60%, a low financial independence though there is a variance among the bags. That of the usage rate of bags indicates that 74% of people use bags in some province, the lowest and 91% of people use them in other area, the highest rate. To improve the financial independence and usage of the commercial bags, constructive privatization of control system is required.

하수슬러지 堆肥化를 위한 신공정 개발 (Ⅰ. 회분식반응조에 의한 반응조건의 검토)

배재근,심혁성,곽노혁,조재경 서울産業大學校 1997 논문집 Vol.46 No.1

The main gold of this research is to develope composting facility for stable treatment and recycling of sewage sludge, and to find optimum control conditions for reducing compositing times by using the microorganisums. In addition to produce a compost of good quality which would be used to culture the product of the soil without and bad influence. Dewatered sludge in the higher organic content showed a rapid increase in temperature for a short period of time, maintaining constant temperature during the entire periods of composting. Higher temperature was maintained for the high organic content relative to the lower one. At the beginning stage, feed-back compost in feeding materials for microorganiama was necessary in the composting of sewage sludge. The optimal aeration rate was measured at 0.5 l/min in the beginning of composting process. The inoculation of microorganism at start-up operation was necessary to obtain better performance of compositing, especially in the case of the dewatered sludge with a low organic content. The proper temperature of control was shown about 50℃ during the stable process for composting. Both the control of moisture content and increase in microorganism concentration were optimized with 30% feedback of the compost. Based on laboratory results, continuous composting facility was designed and manufactured. The bench scale composting reactor has been successfully operated to determine the feasibility of the reactor and provided important design parameters to build up a larger reactor.

후두 편평세포암종에서 Galectin-1 및 -7의 발현 의의

김건형,강차영,윤혁수,도남용,조성일,임성철 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

Background and Objectives: The role of different Galectins in the pathogenesis of different types of malignancy is being profoundly investigated recently. In this study, the author investigated the level of Galectin-1 and -7 in the layngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue to define its relationship to the tumor progression. Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 77 patients, who were diagnosed as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 1993 to 2007, were immunohistochemically stained for Galectin-1 and -7. Results: Galectin-1 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage and nodal involvement. Galectin-7 expression was increased in better differentiated tumors. Conclusion: Expression of Galectin-1 and -7 can be used as a valuable indicator in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma under certain limitations.

예술가와 금전 : 夏目漱石を中心として 나쓰메 소세키(夏目漱石)를 중심으로

權赫建 동의대학교 인문과학연구소 1996 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.1 No.-

學問と藝術はうまれつきの才能に加えて, 硏究に沒頭する長い時間の忍耐强い努力と勉强が必要だと思う. 生涯を通じて金錢について强くこだわって生きた漱石は, 金さえあれは, 才能を除いたすべてが買えると感じたのかもしれない. しかし, 彼自身が東京帝國大學の敎授等のすべての敎職をやめて「朝日新聞社」の專屬作家として入社したのは, なんとなく自身の體質とは合わない敎授職をつづければない憂?な日日がつづいたのをはじめとして, いろいろな複雜な理由があったと思われるけれども, 現實的には足りない生計費の心配等を含めた生活の困窮, 卽ち經濟的な不安から逃れようとしたのを一つの大きな原因になったと思われる. 滿年齡40?にしてすべての敎職をやめて「朝日新聞社」に專屬小說家として入社たけれども, 自分が書いたものの評判がわるかったりして, もし矢敗する形になった時には, 大學の敎授としてもどれない成り行きであったので, 漱石にとって轉職は一世一代の大きな?險たと判斷される. だから彼は新聞にはじめて發表する小說の評判がわるいと, 次に發表する作品にも惡い影響が及ぶのではないかと考えて, 一切の面會を識絶して, 身體をすり減らしながら?筆に專念したと考えられる. 漱石は日本が近代化の過程にあり, 交換の價値と剩餘の價値を目的とする資本主義的な商品の生産が支配的になって, 金錢の役割が大きくなり, 人間を支配するのを?測したからであるか, 或は自分がいままで?いてきた生?を通じて直接金錢にこだわった體驗から, そのように描寫したのかははっきりわからないが, 彼はつづけて作品を通じて金錢に拘わり, そ?力について言及していったのである. 特に漱石は金錢の所有と橫領, 金錢の借用の問題を取り?む人間の葛藤のいろいろな姿を描きながら, 金錢が人間に?福をもたらしてくれる面もあるが, 一方で家族の關係の破綻をはじめとして人間關係の斷絶をもたらす重要な鍵として作用するということを絶え間無く描いていったと判斷される. そして, そのような金錢をめぐる描寫が當時の新聞小說を讀んだ日本の讀者に?味と恐怖, 或は恐れ等をあたえながら强然に受け入れられたので, 漱石が日本の近代文學が成立しようとする時期に國民的な人氣作家としてしっかりとした地位を古めるようになったのではないかと考えられる. また彼の消像畵が日本の千門札の紙幣に描かれたことは, 金が支配する今日の世相にとっ象徵的である. 彼の作品が?くほどたくさんの國家から愛される理由は, 彼の生?においてのいろいろの金錢に關する體驗と作品を通じ, 金を媒介とした人間生活の諸問題を精密に描寫したとまるっきり關係がないとしは言えないのある.

中學生의 保健習慣 比較硏究

추건이,송광혁 인하대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This is a study to find out the habit of health's acts according to characteristic of region and to get some basic data to change of quality in health education for middle school student. The subjects are 391 students(Inchon area), 387 students(Ansan area), 322 students(Kangwhoa area), so all together are 1,100 middle school students. The students answer directly for the ㅂuestionnaire. The SPSS program was used for statistic verification of variation's difference in each group. The results are as follows: 1.There were no differences in the parts of growth and development, condition of health's life, condition far health's life according to school year grade, but the students of first school year grade got more points than other grades in safety's life, environment's health, public health, community's health, health education, book's reading for health and health's habit in all part. 2.Rich students got more points than poor ones in all seven part of health's habits. 3.There were no differences in environment's health, public health, community's health, health education and book's reading for health, but male students got more points than female students in the parts of growth and development, condition for health's life, safety's life and condition of health life. 4.The students who live in fishing and farming area got more points than the students who live in city in the part of safety's health habit, but there were no differences in the parts of growth and development, condition for health life, environment's health, public health, community's health, condition of health life, health education, book's reading for health and all part far health habit.

고온성 세균을 이용한 고온호기성소화에 의한 분뇨처리

배재근,심혁성,김혜경 서울産業大學校 産業大學院 1997 大學院論文集 Vol.5 No.-

생활계에서 배출되는 분뇨 및 하수처리장 등에서 발생되는 농축슬러지는 고농도폐수로서 그 처리에 많은 문제점을 안고 있다. 현재는 호기성소화 및 혐기성소화방식에 의하여 처리하고 있으나, 처리효율이 아직까지 낮은 상태이다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 여러 처리방법이 개발되고 있으나, 최근에 주목받고 있는 처리방법이 고온호기성소화방식이다. 고온호기성소화방식은 고열성세균 즉 고온에서 서식하는 미생물을 이용하여 처리하는 방식으로 이전에는 제어기술이 부족하여 응용화되지 않았으나, 최근에는 각종 제어기술이 확립되면서 점차 응용의 가능성이 밝혀지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 처리상 문제로 되어 있는 분뇨의 처리실태를 조사하고, 실제 고온호기성소화공정에 의하여 유기물의 분해정도를 측정하였으며, 또한 이 공정의 효율을 증대시키는 방안으로서 미생물에 초점을 두고 미생물의 활성 및 그 이용의 가능성에 대하여 검토하였다. 기존 처리공정인 액상부식조에서 COD cr, COD Mn, BOD, TS 등의 제거율이 각각 31.3%, 48.9%, 62.9%, 4.08%로 나타났으나, 고온호기성소화장치로 운전한 결과, COD cr, COD Mn, BOD, TS, SS 등의 제거율은 각각 35%, 42%, 68%, 30%, 65%를 나타났다. 즉 최종처리수의 농도값에는 차이가 없으나, 체류시간 대폭 단축된다는 점에서 고온호기성소화가 유용한 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 고온에서 반응이 이루어지므로 대장균군의 사멸효과가 더 크다는 면에서 기존의 액상부식조와 비교할 때 우위에 있다는 것도 확인할 수 있었다. 고온호기성 미생물을 분리하고 미생물의 활성을 검토한 결과, 활성이 뛰어난 균주가 최종적으로 3종이 분리되었으며, 그 중에서도 사상성세균인 CA균의 활성이 뛰어나, 이 균의 특성을 면밀하게 분석하여, 고온호기성소화장치와 접목시킨다면, 유기물의 분해효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 결과가 얻어질 것으로 예측되었다. The most common maures wastewater disposal operations is the aerobic digestion, but with occupy much area, increasing treatment period, more stringent regulatory requirement is rapidly becoming cost prohibitive and impractical. Thermophilic aerobic digestion system sometimes referred to as liquid composting, is proprietary process which generates heat via the aerobic metabolism of organic matter. Under precisely controlled operating conditions the thermophilic bacteria thrive. This biological process will give rise the true thermophilic organism and generate sufficients heat to make the system self-sustaining in the thermophilic range. In comparison with the removal efficiency of Aerobic digestion process which is operating at K-environmental business place(COD cr 31.3%, COD Mn 48.9%, BOD 62.9%, TS 4.08%), the removal efficiencies of Thermophilic aerobic digestion process were COD cr 35%, COD Mn 42%, BOD 68%, TS 30%. And soluble COD cr, COD Mn removal efficiency were 66% and 49% in AD process and Pilot Scale, respectively. These results of TAD were seem nearly same but HRT of Ad process is 20days and HRT of Pilot Scale Plant is 8days compare with these two HRT, we can know the efficiency treatment of Pilot Scale is much higher than AD process. Moreover because of Pilot Scale Plant is operated at high temperature the destruction efficiency of E. Coli is much better Finally, we separate Thermophilic Aerobic microorganism to observe organic material degradation ability. so we confirm that degradation ability of to be inoculated microorganism is much higher than not to be inoculated.

디지털 영상을 이용한 수리모형의 변화추출 자동화

金甘來,任健爀,朴世珍 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2005 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Recently, there are many studies to acquire high accuracy of 3D position information in many fields. Photogrammetry changes from analog to digital in which digital photogrammetry is developed by using the digital camera with CCD. In this paper, we make the hydraulic model and took a picture by digital camera. We modelize and digitalize the image by DSW500 and Socet Set Ver5.O. Finally the accuracy of image between digital camera and non-prism total station is analysed.

교통사고로 내원한 접형척추(butterfly vertebra) 환자 1예 보고

염석란,이근,박철완,양혁준,현성열,류일,진욱 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

A butterfly vertebra is a rare, but very important congenital anomaly that must be differentially diagnosed with compression fracture of the vertebral body. It has characteristic findings on simple X-ray, CT, and MRI. These findings are an anterior wedging contour on the sagittal image, a widening of the transverse diameter on the coronal image, adaptations of nearby vertebral endplates on the sagittal image, communicated intervertebral disc spaces on the sagittal and the coronal images, a well-defied midline bony defect with a sclerotic margin in the vertebral body on the axial image, and a normal body signal intensity on MRI. Because of legal problems and further plans for treatment, close attention must be given to patients who complain of back pain and who have decreased anterior height of the vertebral body after trauma. In those patients, a butterfly vertebra must be differentially diagnosed with compression fracture of vertebral body. We report one such case here.

GIS 기법을 도입한 재난관리 시스템 구축

金甘來,鄭海珍,任健爀 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Due to an urbanization phenomenon which is caused according to a large selecting land development of a city area drained by river, the keeping gate phenomenon is changed and the flood damage is happening near city river. Recently, many research to reduce such city flood damage for the prevention have been achieved, this study proposed to analyze and arrange pattern of disaster and systems designed plan and establishment further scientific, prompt service of disaster. With GIS technique for decision-making offer the necessary preliminary data(hydrography data, satellite images, DEM, etc). In order to forecast the flooding area of research object area and offer various information which can reduce the flood damage to many users, this study constructs the disaster management system using Internet GIS.

흉골골절이 의심되는 외상환자에서 초음파의 진단적 효용성

염석란,김재광,이근,박철완,양혁준,현성열,임용수,진욱 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: This study compared the value of ultrasonography(US) in the diagnosis of sternal fractures with those of conventional radiography and bone scan. Material and Method: From March 2000 to March 2001, in Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical College, 44 patients(22 women and 22 men, mean age 46 years, range 5∼81 years) complained of tenderness in the sternal area. The cases histories of these patients with clinically suspected sternal fracture due to blunt trauma were prospectively studied. At the time of admission, conventional radiography(sternal view) was done. At one day after admission, sternal ultrasonography was obtained, and after 4∼5 days, a bone scan was done. Sternal ultrasonographic findings, conventional radiographic findings, and bone-scan findings were compared. In addition, a 12-lead ECG was done. When it was necessary, cardiac enzyme was checked and echocardiography was performed. Result: In 21 of 44 patients(48%), a sternal fracture was found by sternal US. Only 9 of 21 patients (43%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by using conventional radiography. 23 of 44 patients (52%) have negative findings on sternal US; they also had negative findings on conventional radiography. Except for 7 unchecked patients, 13 of 21 patients(62%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by bone scan, and among the 23 patients who had negative findings on sternal US, the 19 patients checked with a bone scan also had negative findings. Conclusion: Sternal US can find sternal fractures that are difficult to find on conventional radiography. Compared with bone scan, sternal US takes a shorter time and sternal US is not difficult. Additionally, combined lesions with sternal fractures(peristernal hematoma, soft tissue swelling) and costar cartilage fractures are diagnosed more easily when using sternal US.