들기름 첨가에 따른 전통석회 재현시편의 특성 변화

강산하(Kang, San-Ha),강소영(Kang, So-Yeong) 대한건축학회 2022 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.38 No.5

With the introduction of modern materials, such as cement and concrete, the use of traditional lime(aerial lime) have decreased. Traditional lime manufacturing and its construction methods have been cut off in Korea. However, modern materials being used at the site of repair and restoration of cultural heritages, not only heterogeneity but also secondary damage is induced. Therefore this study aims to reproduce traditional lime with added perilla oil to confirm the possibility of improving the performance of traditional lime through the characteristics of aerial lime. Aerial lime plaster specimen containing perilla oil was prepared by securing evidence from the ancient literature, and its characteristics were investigated. The addition of perilla oil revealed that the advanced workability of the flow value declined. However, only a small amount of perilla oil gave discoloration to the aerial lime specimen. It is necessary to control the amount of perilla oil used when it is applied to the conservation and restoration of historical sites. Through the neutralization test and the μ-CT analysis image that carbonation of aerial lime was delayed due to the addition of perilla oil. Additionally perilla oil imparted water resistance. Since freezing-thawing of water is the main cause of damage to aerial lime materials, the performance improvement of aerial lime can be expected by adding perilla oil.

전통석회의 들기름 첨가 예비연구

강산하(Kang, San-Ha),강소영(Kang, So-yeong) 대한건축학회 2020 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.40 No.2

평택 궁리유적 조선시대 회곽묘의 재료학적 특성 및 제작기법 해석

강산하(San Ha Kang),이찬희(Chan Hee Lee) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1

회곽묘는 조선시대 묘제의 한 형태로서 석회, 모래, 황토를 혼합한 삼물을 이용하여 곽을 축조한 무덤이다. 이 연구에서는 평택 궁리유적에서 출토된 조선시대 회곽묘를 대상으로 제작방식에 따라 층벽식과 통벽식으로 구분하여 재료학적 및 제작특성을 검토하였다. 분석시료는 석회혼합물과 토양으로 분류하였으며 회곽의 제작방식에 따른 삼물의 혼합특성도 해석하였다. 회곽은 내부의 환경을 제어하는데 직접적인 영향을 주는 벽체에서 상대적으로 석회함량이 높은 삼물을 사용하였으며, 이를 마감하는 층이나 바닥에는 상대적으로 석회함량이 적은 저품질의 삼물을 사용하였다. 전체적으로 층벽식보다 통벽식 회곽에서 석회함량이 높으며 물성도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 삼물의 혼합에 사용한 토양과 유구 주변의 토양이 광물학 및 지구화학적으로 거의 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 삼물의 제조에 사용한 모래와 황토는 유구 주변에 분포하는 토양을 사용한 것으로 해석된다. 한편 궁리유적 인근에는 대규모의 석회암 산지가 다수 분포하고 있다. 또한 아산만을 통해 유입되는 바닷길이 유적 인근까지 연결되어 수운 등의 방법을 통해 인근 산지에서 석회재료가 공급되었을 가능성이 있다. The lime-soil mixture on tomb barrier (LSMB) is a type of tomb in Joseon Dynasty, which made with so-called ‘Sammul’ (three material compound) that mixture of lime, fine sand and yellow ocher. This study divided the tombs of the Gungri Site from Joseon Dynasty with layered wall and integrated wall according to the manufacturing types, and investigated on the basis of analysis to material characteristics and making techniques. Analytical samples were classified with lime-soil mixtures and soils, and interpreted the mixing characteristics of Sammul based on types of tomb barrier. The tomb barrier which is directly effect to control the inner environment was made with high content of lime. But the finishing or bottom layer were made with low content of lime. Overall the LSMB with integrated wall has higher content of lime and physical property than the LSMB with layered wall. The soil which was compounded as a Sammul and collected near the Gungri Site had similar with mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Therefore, it is presumed that the fine sand and yellow ocher that made as a Sammul, were used with soil that was distributed around the site. Meanwhile, large scale limestone quarry is distributed near the site. Especially, Gungri Site has a possibility of material supply through water transport, due to the sea route from Asan bay is connected near the site. Thus, there is the possibility of transportation of lime materials from nearby quarry.

혼화제 첨가에 따른 기경성 석회의 경화 전 특성

강산하(Kang, San-Ha),남병직(Nam, Byeong-Jik),윤은영(Yun, Eun-Young) 대한건축학회 2023 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.39 No.7

증례 : 류마티스 ; 분류 불능형 면역 결핍증(Common Variable Immunodeficiency)과 병발된 쇼그렌 증후군 1예

강산하 ( San Ha Kang ),조혜정 ( Hye Jeong Cho ),홍희진 ( Hee Jin Hong ),홍소담 ( So Dam Hong ),김보혜 ( Bo Hye Kim ),정상윤 ( Sang Yoon Jung ),최진정 ( Jin Jung Choi ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회지 Vol.89 No.2

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous group of primary immune deficiencies in adults characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections, and a higher incidence of autoimmune diseases. More than 25% of CVID patients also have autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in CVID remains obscure. We report a 56-year-old woman with CVID and Sjogren`s syndrome. In addition to a long history of recurrent upper respiratory infections, acute gastroenteritis, and cellulitis, she has also suffered from persistent xerostomia and xerophthalmia for the past 10 years. Serologic studies revealed hypogammaglobulinemia (low levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM in serum) and the presence of anti-Ro antibodies, and salivary scintigraphy indicated salivary gland involvement. These findings led to a diagnosis of CVID and Sjogren`s syndrome, which was treated by monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. (Korean J Med 2015,89:254-258)

지역적, 전역적 특징을 이용한 환경 인식

강산들,황중원,정희철,한동윤,심성대,김준모,Kang, San-Deul,Hwang, Joong-Won,Jung, Hee-Chul,Han, Dong-Yoon,Sim, Sung-Dae,Kim, Jun-Mo 한국군사과학기술학회 2012 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.3

In this paper, we propose an integrated algorithm for scene recognition, which has been a challenging computer vision problem, with application to mobile robot localization. The proposed scene recognition method utilizes SIFT and visual words as local-level features and GIST as a global-level feature. As local-level and global-level features complement each other, it results in improved performance for scene recognition. This improved algorithm is of low computational complexity and robust to image distortions.

서울 대한의원(사적 제248호) 부속병동 콘크리트 기초의 조성과 강도 특성

강산하,김동우,이찬희,김현미,Kang, San Ha,Kim, Dong Woo,Lee, Chan Hee,Kim, Hyun Mi 한국문화재보존과학회 2016 보존과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

사적 제248호 대한의원은 서울대학교병원의 전신으로 대한제국시기에 만들어진 초대형 의료기관이다. 대한의원 동1병동의 건축은 1908년 초축 이후 두 차례(1935년, 1954년)의 증축과정을 거쳐 크게 세 시기로 구분된다. 콘크리트 기초에 대한 재료학적 분석 결과, 모든 시기의 기초부는 모르타르와 암석 골재로 이루어져 있으나, 시기별로 골재의 특징과 비율이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 건축시기별 콘크리트의 배합비를 산출하고 초음파 속도와 반발경도를 이용하여 물성을 산정하였다. 이 결과, 모르타르와 골재의 비율은 1954년의 기초부에서 1:35로 가장 높은 골재 비율을 보였으며, 초음파 속도와 일축압축강도는 1954년 기초부에서 각각 평균 450 m/s와 18.92 MPa로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이와 같은 시기별 물성 차이는 골재의 배합특성과 공극률에 따라 발생한 것으로 해석된다. The Daehan Uiwon (Historic Site No. 248) in which the predecessor of Seoul National University Hospital is a crucial medical institution that built in the Korean Empire period. One of them, East 1 Affiliated Ward that attached to Daehan Uiwon was built with concrete foundation in 1908 and extended two times in 1935 and 1954. As a result of material scientific analysis for concrete foundation, all of the foundation is composed of mortar and stone aggregates, however, the mixing proportions between the aggregate and the mortar were confirmed to be different with construction periods. To determine the mixing proportion, and physical properties by ultrasonic velocity and rebound hardness, the concrete foundations by construction period were obtained. In result, 1954's mixing proportion of concrete between mortar and stone aggregate indicated the highest ratio of aggregates with 1 : 35, mean value of ultrasonic velocity and unconfined compressive strength were calculated with 450 m/s and 18.92 MPa in 1954's constructions that is the lowest values compared with other times. As a result, the difference characteristics of physical properties by construction periods are possible interpreted with porosities and mixing ratios of stone aggregates.

RGB LED 투광등의 패턴 분석 및 광학 시뮬레이션에 관한 연구

김승은(Seung-Eun Kim),강산은(San Eun Kang),최인형(In Hyeong Choi),정다영(Da Yeong Jung),안재현(Jae Hyun Ahn),박종락(Jong-Rak Park) 대한전자공학회 2017 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

조선시대 건물지(建物址)에 사용된 모르타르의 재료적 특성 분석 - 북한산성 · 남한산성 · 수원화성을 중심으로 -

김은경(Kim, Eun-Kyung),강산하(Kang, San-Ha),강소영(Kang, So-Yeong) 대한건축학회 2020 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.36 No.12

This study investigated the material properties of mortars used in the construction materials of historical buildings during the Joseon Dynasty. Their mineral composition, chemical composition and physical properties were analyzed using polarizing microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), thermo gravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Calcite was determined to be the main constituent mineral with soil minerals such as quartz, feldspar, and mica, indicating the mortars were manufactured using hydrated lime mixed with soil minerals. There were no differences in constituent minerals among the excavation sites or uses, but the chemical compositions could be classified into groups that appeared similar to each other. The samples showed various pore size distributions with in a range, which indicates that the minerals had various particle sizes. In addition, rice straws were identified, which is thought to reinforce the mortars against shrinkage or cracking.

공주 선교유적의 보존상태와 과제에 관한 일고찰

이찬희 ( Chan Hee Lee ),강산하 ( San Ha Kang ),박보영 ( Bo Young Park ),서만철 ( Mancheol Suh ) 공주대학교 문화재보존과학연구소 2019 문화재과학기술 Vol.14 No.1

공주의 선교유적인 중학동 선교사 가옥(등록문화재 제233호)은 1921년에 건축되어 사애리시 선교사가 1939년 은퇴할 때까지 사용했던 건물로, 여선교사들의 주거와 여학교 역할을 했던 것으로 알려져 있다. 공주제일교회(현재 기독교박물관, 등록문화재 제472호)는 1931년에 건립되었으며 1941년에는 적산으로 분류되어 통제되기도 했고, 한국전쟁 때 상당 부분 파손되었으나 1956년에 교인들에 의해 재건되었다. 중학동 선교사 가옥과 기독교박물관의 보존상태를 파악하고자 건축재료, 내부구조, 창호의 구성 및 벽체손상 등을 검토하였다. 이 결과, 목재의 열화 외에 구조적 문제와 특별한 이상은 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 전반적으로 노후되어 기초적인 안전진단을 통한 부분적인 보수가 필요한 상태였다. 공주를 포함한 한국 선교유적의 세계문화유산 등재 가능성을 논의하기 위해서는 우선 세계유산 등재기준에 부합하는 탁월한 보편적 가치, 진정성 및 완전성 등 필요충분조건을 갖추고 있는지에 대한 평가가 선행되어야 할 것이다. The Junghak-dong Missionary House (Registration Cultural Property No. 233) of the Missionary Sites in Gongju was built in 1921, and used by the missionary Alice H. Sharp until his retirement in 1939. The Gongjujeil Church (currently Christian Museum, Registration Cultural Property No. 472) was established in 1931 and controlled by classified Japanese property in 1941, and was damaged during the Korean War, but was rebuilt by christian members in 1956. In order to examine the conservation status of the Junghak-dong Missionary House and the Christian Museum, brief investigation was carried out on architectural materials, internal structures, wall damages, composition of the windows and doors, and the results indicated that they do not have particular problems in the structure except for the deterioration of the wood. However, it seems necessary to conduct partial maintenance work on the whole following basic safety diagnosis. To discuss the possibility that the missionary heritage in Gongju, Korea become a registered world heritage site, evaluation should preceeded to determine whether they have a outstanding universal value, authenticity and integrity to meet the registration criteria for world heritage.