膣 Trich monas 症再發防止法

金鼎烈 中央醫學社 1964 中央醫學 Vol.7 No.3

냉각압연 방식을 이용한 연축전지용 Grid 내구성 향상

김정열,이완진 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0

안내염 환자에서 안구적출술 또는 안구내용제거술을 시행하게 되는 위험 인자

김정열,왕선진,박창준,이성복.Jung Yeul Kim. M.D... Seon Jin Wang. M.D.. Chang Jun Park. M.D.. Sung Bok Lee. M.D.. 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.10

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors associated with enucleation or evisceration in endophthalmitis patients. Methods: The medical records of endophthalmitis cases from January 1995 to July 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. The cases were divided into 2 groups, the enucleation/evisceration group (36 eyes of 36 patients) who underwent enucleation or evisceration and the intraocular procedures group (61 eyes of 60 patients) who received intravitreal antibiotics injection and/or vitrectomy. We analyzed these cases with respect to age, sex, initial visual acuity, causes of endophthalmitis, systemic disease, and causative organisms. Results: Older age (p=0.002), women (17/32, p=0.027), no light perception at presentation (33/37, p<0.001), endophthalmitis associated with corneal ulcer (25/25, p<0.001), and diabetes mellitus (14/20, p=0.001) were significantly associated with enucleation or evisceration. Conclusions: Older age, poor initial visual acuity, endophthalmitis associated with corneal ulcer, and diabetes mellitus were strongly associated with enucleation or evisceration. If any of these factors are present, more intensive treatments are warranted to prevent loss of the eye.

<의후적궤>를 통하여 본 西周前期 封建制度

金正烈 崇田大學校 史學會 1992 숭실사학 Vol.7 No.-

고고문화와 민족-중국학계의 시각에 대한 비판적 검토

김정열 동북아역사재단 2018 東北亞歷史論叢 Vol.- No.62

Since the western modern archaeology was earnestly acknowledged in the 1920s, Chinese archaeology has been regarded to have an intention to restore and confirm the Chinese ancient history in literature. It is also an excellent example that chinese archaeologists take an active attitude toward connecting archaeological cultures and ethnic groups. China’s general understanding of a ethnic group is a stable community with common language, geographical location, economic life and culture. This idea of ethnic group overlaps with the concept of archaeological culture, meaning a group of relict materials which have common features in the periodical time and region. Therefore, when the human community owned particular archaeological culture, attempts were made to establish a relation between this human community and the archaeological culture. Since China had rich literatures from early times, the idea to match the human community of archaeological culture to a particular ethnic group in literature has been maintained. Chinese archaeology’s interest in ethnicity results from specific external and internal environment of Chinese intellectuals. First of all, the sheer volume of excavated materials, which have been accumulated since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, makes it necessary to define certain time and regional order. Further, this situation was combined with the political intention to reestablish the Chinese identity as an unified multination state. By doing so, Chinese archaeology verified the ethnic group through archaeological culture, and traced the mutual relations between archaeological cultures. A practical motive was created to interpret mutual relations among various nations that came together as the Chinese Nation. The western intellectuals consistently criticized this direction of Chinese archaeological study. The major criticism was that the ethnic group in literature could not reproduce the time and region of relict materials. The ethnic group defined by the particular idea could not fall under the same category with archaeological culture, which is a collective title provisionally categorized with a specific perspective of research, thus the two ideas could not be transposed each other. Nevertheless, if the ethnic group could be identified in the human community that existed in history, the attempt to discover the ethnic group in the archaeological culture is not a constructive approach, even though the archaeological culture could not be identified within the ethnic group’s boundaries. In this view, in-depth research on the mutual relations between archaeological culture and ethnic group should lay the ground for logical and empirical discussion. 중국 고고학은, 1920년대 서구의 근대 고고학이 본격적으로 수용될 때부터, 문헌에 기록된 중국 고대사를 복원하거나 입증하고자 하는 지향점을 가지고 있는 것으로 평가된다. 중국의 고고학자들이 고고문화와 민족을 연계하는 데 적극적인 태도를 취하는 것 역시 그런 사례의 하나로 지목될 수 있다. 중국에서 일반적으로 통용되는 민족 개념은 공통의 언어와 지역, 그리고 경제생활과 문화를 영위하는 안정적인 인간공동체이다. 여기에는 일정한 시기와 공간 범위 내에서 공통의 특징을 갖춘 일군의 물질유존을 가리키는 고고문화 개념과 중첩되는 부분이 있다. 그러므로 특정 고고문화를 영위하는 인간공동체가 상정될 경우, 이 인간공동체와 고고문화 사이에서 등가관계를 구하려는 시도가 자연스럽게 이루어졌다. 중국은 매우 일찍부터 풍부한 문헌기록을 보유하고 있으므로, 고고문화의 인간공동체를 문헌기록 상의 어떤 특정한 민족과 연계시켜 보려는 생각 역시 이에 뒤따르게 되었다. 중국 고고학의 민족에 대한 관심은 중국의 특수한 학문내·외적 환경에서 말미암은 것이다. 무엇보다 중화인민공화국이 성립된 이후 축적된 방대한 양의 출토자료는 거기에 일정한 시·공간적 질서를 부여해줄 것을 요청했으며, 그것은 통일다민족국가로서 중국의 정체성을 재정립하고자 하는 정치적 의도와 결합되었다. 거기에서 고고문화를 통해 민족을 확인하고, 고고문화 간의 상호관계를 추적하여, 그것을 ‘중화민족’으로 수렴된 다양한 민족 간의 상호관계로 해석하고자 하는 현실적 동기가 마련되었다. 서구학계는 이와 같은 중국 고고학의 학문적 지향에 대한 비판적 견해를 지속적으로 제기하고 있다. 문헌기록 속의 민족을 고고문화가 보여주는 물질유존의 시·공간적 차원으로 재현할 수 없으며, 연구자의 특정한 시각 하에 잠정적으로 분류된 물질유존의 집합적 명칭인 고고문화와 특정한 개념으로 정의되는 민족은 서로 다른 범주에 속하기 때문에 양자는 서로 치환될 수 없다는 것이 그 주요한 내용이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 민족이 역사상 실재한 인간공동체로 식별할 수 있다면, 고고문화와 민족의 경계를 동일시할 수는 없다 해도, 고고문화에서 민족을 읽어내려는 시도가 전혀 무의미하다고 폄하할 수는 없다. 이런 시각에서 보면, 고고문화와 민족의 상관관계에 대한 진지한 모색은 이제부터 경험적, 논리적으로 더욱 폭넓은 논의의 기반을 마련해가는 노력을 필요로 한다고 생각된다.

특수 교육 대상자의 대학 교육 시설 문제점과 대책

김정열,Kim, Jeong-Yeol 한국대학교육협의회 2000 大學敎育 Vol.108 No.-

政府間 關係의 變化와 地方政府의 對應 : 西歐의 經驗과 敎訓

金正烈 한국행정연구원 1997 韓國行政硏究 Vol.6 No.4

地域産業政策의 制度化를 위한 政策課題

金正烈 한국행정연구원 1997 韓國行政硏究 Vol.6 No.3

팁페이파, 필터권지 및 접착제 특성이 제품담배 공기희석율에 미치는 영향

김정열,김종열,신창호 한국연초학회 2002 한국연초학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The ventilation rate of a ventilated filter cigarette depends on the details of its construction and on the properties of its components such as tobacco column pressure drop, filter pressure drop, tipping paper and plug wrap permeability, and vent position. Also, It was affected by the condition of adhesion of glue between tipping paper and plug wrap. This study was carried out to find the effect of surface properties of tipping paper and plug wrap, and a characteristics of glue on the ventilation rate of cigarettes. Our results indicated that the surface properties of tipping paper and plug wrap affected on the ventilation rate of cigarette. Also, the variation of ventilation rate was affected by the surface properties of tipping paper and the size of glue particles. We also found that the surface properties of tipping paper and plug wrap, and the emersion size of glue were the major factors to concern in the design for materials of cigarettes.

세정 활성탄의 흡착특성

김정열,신창호,서문원,김영호,이근희,지상운 한국연초학회 1996 한국연초학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Commercially available activated carbon was treated with 0.2N NaOH/0.1N HCl to decrease the ash contents and to analyze the effect of demineralization. We have studied their properties and adsorptivity to solvents such as benzene, acetone, toluene and carbon tetrachloride, ammonia and also aldehydes of cigarette smoke. By demineralization with NaOH/HCl, surface area and pore volume were increased up to 10 - 20% according to developement of micro-pore and pH of activated carbon was also changed from 10.2 to 6.3. Surface acidity of the activated carbon treated with chemicals increased slightly. The chemical treatment led to small increase in adsorptioil properties of solvents, ammonia and aldehydes of cigarette smoke, but content of chlorine and sulfur in activated carbon were reduced. As the results of smoking test, charcoal taste caused by the activated carbon was reduced significantly by the treatment with NaOH/HCl.