단파장 자외선(254nm)에 노출된 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 수지의 카르보닐 지수(CI)와 기계적 물성 변화의 관계에 관한 연구

김창환 ( Chang Hwan Kim ),신진용 ( Jin Yong Shin ) 한국공업화학회 2013 공업화학 Vol.24 No.2

This paper studied the possibility to predict a mechanical property variation from changes in created carbonyl bands by irradiating the surface of high-density polyethylene with short-wavelength ultraviolet radiation of 254nm to induce a fast chemical degradation. The meaning of this study lies in checking whether a mechanical property change with the same chemical property as the induced optical deterioration is caused by using a UVC lamp with high photon energy instead of optical deterioration via xenon arc light source and outdoor exposure test via natural sunlight requiring a long time. The mechanical strength of high-density polyethylene checked by a tensile test and a creep destruction test showed a similar tendency with CI changes. In particular, the yield strength and elongation had a close relationship with the exposure time to ultraviolet radiation. Accordingly, this paper presented a method to grasp the mechanical property change outdoors requiring a long time more fast through the relationship between the mechanical property change and the carbonyl index using a UVC lamp causing the fast surface degradation.

남서태평양 라우분지 TA19-1 해산과 TA19-2 해산의 지자기 특성 연구

김창환,Kim, Chang Hwan 대한자원환경지질학회 2014 자원환경지질 Vol.47 No.4

한국해양과학기술원에서는 심해열수광상탐사를 위하여 2009년에 남서태평양 라우분지의 열수광상유망지역에 대하여 지구물리조사를 실시하였다. 그 중 TA19-1 해산과 TA19-2 해산에 대한 해상자력탐사 결과를 이용하여 이 해산들의 지자기 특성을 분석하였다. TA19-1 해산은 단순한 1개의 원추형 형태로 정상부는 함몰된 칼데라를 가진다. TA19-2 해산은 TA19-1 해산에 비해 규모가 크고 대규모 함몰대를 가진 칼데라가 나타나고, 칼데라 서쪽으로 정상부가 나타나며 능선들도 여러개 존재하는 형태로서 TA19-1 해산에 비해 복잡한 해저지형을 가지고 있다. TA19-1 해산의 자기이상은 정상부를 중심으로 북쪽에는 고이상대가 남쪽에는 저이상대가 나타나는 단순 쌍극자 이상 형태로 분포하고 있다. TA19-2 해산의 자기이상은 해산 북쪽 사면에 고이상대들이 위치하고 있고, 칼데라 서쪽에 위치한 정상부를 중심으로 고이상대가 나타나고 그 주변 및 칼데라 주위로 저이상대가 분포하며 TA19-1 해산에 비교하여 복잡한 형태의 자기이상을 나타낸다. 해저지형, 지자기 자료의 결과는 TA19-2 해산이 TA19-1 해산에 비해 복잡한 화산활동의 결과로 형성되었다는 것을 지시한다. 열수분출대의 가능성이 높은 저자화이상대들은 주로 해산의 정상부 및 칼데라와 칼데라 주변부에 주로 나타나는데 이는 단층 및 균열 등에 따른 열수 분출에 의한 암석 변질의 영향 등으로 판단되며, 정상부와 칼데라 내에 나타나는 높은 고자화대는 volcanic sill, intrusion 등 후기 화성활동과 연관성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. We conducted the geophysical survey of possible hydrothermal vent sites at 2009, in the Lau Basin, the south western Pacific and analyzed the magnetic characteristics of TA19-1 and TA19-2 seamounts. TA19-1 is a cone-shaped seamount with a caldera summit. TA19-2 seamount is bigger and shows more complicated topography than TA19-1 seamount. TA19-2 has a large caldera, a summit in the west side of the caldera and several crests. Simple dipole anomalies with a high over the north and a low over the south occur in TA19-1 seamount. High magnetic anomalies are located in the northern flank and the summit of TA19-2 seamount and low anomalies around the summit and the caldera. The results of bathymetry and magnetic data suggest that TA19-2 seamount might have more complicated magmatic process than TA19-1. Low magnetization zones are located over the summit, the calderas and the caldera rims. The magnetization lows indicate that submarine hydrothermal vents, along faults and fracture zones, could have caused an alteration of magnetic minerals. The magnetization highs over the summit and the calderas might have been related with later magmatisms like volcanic sills, intrusions.

원격측정장치를 이용한 설치류의 생체신호 측정 및 분석

김창환,허경행,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Hur, Gyeong-Haeng 한국군사과학기술학회 2011 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.14 No.6

Telemetry techniques of rats have been used for assessing safety pharmacology of drugs and chemicals. Biological signals including blood pressure and heart rate measured under anesthesia were significantly different from those obtained under normal conditions. The stress of restraint in awake animals can also affect the accuracy of physiological evaluation. This paper details the surgery required to allow key cardiovascular parameters to be determined. The telemetric measurement of cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiograph(ECG) established. We carried out the continuous monitoring of cardiovascular parameters using the telemetry system in F344 rats. During the measurement, no significant changes were observed in the heart rate and blood pressure. ECG signals and body temperature were also constant during the measurement of biological signals. With the results of this study, we conclude that this telemetry system can be applied usefully for the assesment of biological parameters in the rats.

지자기자료 및 정밀해저지형자료를 이용한 마리아나 해구 해저 열수광상 연구

김창환,김호,정의영,박찬홍,고영탁,이승훈,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Ho,Jeong, Eui-Young,Park, Chan-Hong,Go, Young-Tak,Lee, Seung-Hoon 한국해양학회 2009 바다 Vol.14 No.1

Mariana 해령 후열도 분지내에 위치하고 있는 NW Rota-1과 Esmerala Bank의 지형 및 자력특성을 연구하고 열수분출대의 위치를 추정하기 위하여 2007년 9월에 한국해양연구원 온누리호를 이용하여 획득한 정밀해저지형자료 및 해상자력탐사자료를 함께 분석하였다. NW Rota-1 해산의 전체적인 모양은 원뿔 형태이며, 정상부의 수심은 약 500 m이다. NW Rota-1 해산에서는 급경사나 큰 계곡과 같은 지형적 특성은 보이지 않지만 남동쪽 방향에 불규칙한 지형이 발달해 있다. Esmeralda Bank의 전체적인 모양은 서쪽 방향이 열린 칼데라의 형태를 띠고 있다. Esmeralda Bank의 정상부 수심은 약 50 m로 매우 얕다. Esmeralda Bank의 서쪽부분은 동쪽부분보다 경사가 더 급하고 지형의 기복이 심하게 나타나며, Bank 생성 후 무너져 내렸거나 침식에 의해 형성된 것으로 보이는 계곡이 관찰된다. NW Rota-1 해산과 Esmeralda Bank의 자기이상분포는 두 지역 모두 북쪽에 저이상이 나타나고 남쪽에 고이상이 분포하며 정상부에서는 급격한 자기변화를 보이고 수심이 깊은 기저부에서는 완만한 자기변화가 나타난다. NW Rota-1 해산 정상부에서 저자화강도이상대가 나타나며 이 저이상대를 둘러싸고 남쪽과 북쪽으로 주변보다 높은 자화강도 이상이 관측되는데 이는 이 해저산의 화구륜과 관계가 있는 것으로 생각된다. Esmeralda Bank는 정상부와 서쪽에 저자화강도이상대가 분포하고 있다. NW Rota-1와 Esmeralda Bank 정상부의 저자화강도이상대에서 열수분출대가 존재할 가능성이 있다. Detailed bathymetry and magnetic survey data for NW Rota-1 and Esmeralda Bank obtained by R/V Onnuri of Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute in September 2007 were analyzed to investigate bathymetry and magnetic characteristics of the study area and to estimate the locations of possible hydrothermal vents. The shape of NW Rota-1 is corn type, and the depth of the summit is about 500 meter b.s.l. NW Rota-1 shows irregular topographic expression in the southeastern part. The shape of Esmeralda Bank is caldera type opened in the western part. The summit is very shallow, about 50 meter b.s.l. The western part of Esmeralda Bank is more steeper and topographic irregular than the eastern part, and have the valley made by erosion or collapse. The magnetic anomaly patterns of NW Rota-1 and Esmeralda Bank show low anomalies over the north and high anomalies over the south. The magnetic anomalies are steep over the summits and gently smooth over the deep bottom. The low magnetization zone occurs over the summit of NW Rota-1 and is surrounded by the high zones correlated with its crater. Two low magnetization zones are located in the summit and westside of Esmeralda Bank. The low magnetization zones of the summits of NW Rota-1 and Esmeralda Bank suggest the possible existence of hydrothermal vent.

腦出血을 동반한 慢性 두드러기 患者의 治驗 1例

김창환,선영재,김현기,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Sun, Young-Jae,Kim, Hyun-Gi 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2002 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Urticaria is classified as Eunjin in Oriental Medicine. The intrinsic causes include digestive system disorder, food poison, parasite, female reproductive health problem, nervous breakdown, and disorder of endocrine hormone. The extrinsic sources include all kinds of insect bites or stings, medications, pollen, dirt, and toxic smells. Some unknown sources also produce urticaria. The urticaria that lasts for more than six weeks, is categorized as chronic urticaria which is not very different from acute urticaria that occurs rapid but for a short period. The chronic urticaria may come every day, and its symptoms can even get worse at irregular or regular intervals. The cycle is hard to predict. It could be weeks or years. In clinical treatments, the syndromes of patient's chronic urticaria with cerebral hemorrhage have been analyzed and identified as follows: The diagnosis by asking the patient's case history showed that the root cause was retention of food resulting from dysfunction of the spleen and stomach. First, Pyeongwisan was dosed. From the syndrome differentiation with four diagnostic methods, we diagnosed the symptoms as Poong yoel (wind-heat). Then, Hyeongbangpaedocksangamibang was prescribed to get very effective results.

도시근린공원 식생의 생태학적 진단 -전주화산공원을 중심으로-

김창환,명현,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Myung, Hyun 한국조경학회 2001 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.28 No.6

This study is to offer the basic information and materials for the restoration of the urban forest and the ecologically healthy and continuous green belt through the investigation and the analysis on the vegetation in Hwasan Park, Chonju-City. The flora of Hwasan Neighborhood park was composed of 86 families 230 genera, 261 species, 35 varieties, 1 formae or 298 Taxa. Among them, calculation of Pte-Q Index represented 0.60, Fisher's Index. Some characteristics of the plants in this area have represented such as Th-D1-R5 type in biological type, erect form(64.6%) in growth type, 30 taxa in naturalized plants. The life form spectra investigated from Hwasan neighborhood park was recognized as the following M"17.4%, N:11.4%, E:0.3%, Ch:0%, H:29.8%, G:6.7%, HH:0%, Th:34.2%. By the Z-M method 5 plant communities and 3 afforestation were recognized; Quercus variabilis community, Q.acutissima community, Q.serrata community, Sorbus alnifolia community, Pinus densiflora community, P.rigida afforestation, Robinia pseudo-acacia afforestation and Larix leptolepis afforestation. The actual vegetation map constructed on the grounds of the communities classified and other data. The pattern of successional trend of tree species might be suggested: L. leptoleipis, P. rigida and P. densifloralongrightarrowQ.variabilis and Q.acutissimalongrightarrowS.alnifolia and Q.serratalongrightarrowCarpinus tschonoskii community. Three measurements of species diversity (richness index(SR), Shannon-Wiener index(H'), evenness index(J')) and their relationship with community type were studied in the surveyed plant communities. Q.serrata community was higher in SR, H', J' than the other communities, whereas R.pseduo-acacia afforestation was low. Finally, The vegetation of the Hwasan neighborhood park must not allowed any more. Nothing ca be better than native states in preserving the ecosystems.tems.

Antitumor effects of recombinant human interferon α-2a and hydroxyurea against chronic myelogenous leukemia

김창환,이범준,박종환,박재학,Kim, Chang-hwan,Lee, Beom-jun,Park, Jong-hwan,Park, Jae-hak The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.1

Prior to a clinical trial, the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of a new recombinant human interferon ${\alpha}-2a$ (rHu/IFN ${\alpha}-2a$) with/without hydroxyurea (HU) were investigated using chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)-derived cell lines (K562 and KU812F) and BALB/c nude. mice transplanted with KU812F cells. The rHu/IFN ${\alpha}-2a$ ($10^4-10^6IU/ml$) strongly inhibited proliferation of both cell lines and the combined treatments with HU ($10{\mu}g/ml$) were more effective. In nude mice transplanted with KU812F cells. rHu/IFN ${\alpha}-2a(1{\times}10^6IU$) inhibited tumor growth by 42-65% at 15-21 days post-transplantation (DPT). The combined treatment of rHu/IFN ${\alpha}-2a (5{\times}10^5IU$) with HU (0.25mg/g b.w.) inhibited the tumor growth by 48-67% at 12-21 DPT. In addition, the treatment of rHu/IFN ${\alpha}-2a$ ($5{\times}10^6IU\;or\;1{\times}10^7IU$) rejected tumor transplantation by 40%. These results suggest that the new rHU/IFN ${\alpha}-2a$ alone or with HU is effective on CML cell lines.

농외소득개발저책의 현황과 장기발전방향

김창환,Kim, Chang-Hwan 한국조경수협회 1991 造景樹 Vol.5 No.11

양혈사물탕가미방(凉血四物湯加味方)이 Allergy성(性) 접촉(接觸) 피부염(皮膚炎)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김창환,김경준,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Kyung-Jun 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2005 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Experimental drug was applied to a white male mouse taken ill with allergic contact dermatitis to investigate the effects of Yanghyulsamultanggamibang. 1. In case of skin moisture, when it was checked 72 hours later, there showed up meaningful differences among the normal, control, and sample groups. Especially, the moisture increased more noticeably in the sample group than in the control group. 2. With regards to RBC count in blood, it increased more in the control and sample groups than in the normal group when it was checked both in 24 hours and 72 hours. When it was checked in 48 hours, the number of RBC in the sample group increased the most, and the count in the control group increased more than in the normal group. 3. About the neutrophil rate in WBC count, it increased meaningfully more both on the control and sample groups than in the normal group in 24 hours. When the rate was checked in 48 hours, it increased the most in the sample group, and it increased more in the control group than in the normal group. When in checked72 hours later, it increased substantially more in the control group than both the sample and normal group. 4. As of the lymphocyte rate in WBC count, when measured in 24 hours, it increased in the normal group than in the control and sample groups. In 48 hours, it increased the most in the normal group, and it increased meaningfully more in the control group than in the sample group. 5. Regarding the total IgE, when measured 24 hours later, it increased noticeably more in the normal group than in the control and sample groups. In 48 hours, there showed up substantial differences among the normal, control and sample groups. In particular, it increased meaningfully more in the control group than in the sample group. 6. When the sample of skin tissue was examined, the corneal layer restoration increased more in the sample group than in the normal group. The above-mentioned results prove that Yanghyulsamultanggamibang can be taken when allergic contact dermatitis develops on the skin. Long-term observation afterward is also advised.

하지길이균차에 대환 임상평가와 치료

김창환,김종덕,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Kim, Jong-Deog 척추신경추나의학회 2004 대한추나의학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives : Visual check and X-ray are commonly used by chiropractors to estimate ieg length inequality, This study have three categories: diagnosis for anatomic leg length inequality; difference between anatomic and functional leg length inequality; theraphies for anatomic or functional leg length inequality. Methods : We referred to a PubMed site by using word of 'leg length [JU] J Manipulative Physiol Ther', only items with abstracts. Results : We searched 26 articles in J Manipulative Physiol Ther with the key word-Ieg length. Conclusion : 1. Radiographs were most accurate and commonly used by chiropractors to measure anatomic leg length inequality, clinically wood block, tape measure, visual check are acceptable. 2. There was no article about difference between anatomic and functional leg length inequality. 3. Heel lift was commonly used with conservative theraphy for anatomic leg length Inequality. 4. Chiropractors have not yet proved that the supposed positive effects are a result of a reduction of subluxation, The detection of the manipulative lesion in the sacroiliac joint depends on valid and reliable tests, Because such tests have not been established, the presence of the manipulative lesion remains hypothetical. Great effort is needed to develop, establish and enforce valid and reliable test procedures.