Analysis of the Development of the Nasal Septum according to Age and Gender Using MRI

김인상,정영준,이민영,이기일,김혜영 대한이비인후과학회 2008 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.1 No.1

Objectives. This study was designed to evaluate the normal development of the nasal septum in Koreans using sagittal MRI for the valuable clinical information on septal procedures. Methods. Two hundred eighty patients who had their whole nasal septum visualized in the midline sagittal view were selected among the 3,904 patients with brain MRI from January, 2004 to December, 2006 at Dankook University Hospital. The patients who had a history of nasal septal surgery or nasal trauma were excluded. Following parameters are calculated and analyzed: lengths of bony and cartilage dorsum and septal cartilage-nasal bone overlap, total septal area, septal cartilage area and, the proportion of the cartilage area to septal area and the maximal harvestable cartilage for grafting were calculated using the PACTM program. Results. All the parameters were increased until adolescence. Thereafter, bony dorsal length, cartilage dorsal length, total dorsal length, total septal area and maximal harvestable cartilage for grafting have not changed significantly with age, while SC-NB overlap length, septal cartilage area, and proportion of the cartilage area to the total septal area were significantly decreased with age. The SC-NB overlap length was positively correlated with the septal cartilage area and the proportion of the cartilage area to the total septal area. Conclusion. The small septal cartilage area and its proportion to the total septal area were significantly correlated with a short overlap length of the septal cartilage under the nasal bone. Septal procedures should be carefully performed in the elderly due to the risk of incurring saddle nose. Objectives. This study was designed to evaluate the normal development of the nasal septum in Koreans using sagittal MRI for the valuable clinical information on septal procedures. Methods. Two hundred eighty patients who had their whole nasal septum visualized in the midline sagittal view were selected among the 3,904 patients with brain MRI from January, 2004 to December, 2006 at Dankook University Hospital. The patients who had a history of nasal septal surgery or nasal trauma were excluded. Following parameters are calculated and analyzed: lengths of bony and cartilage dorsum and septal cartilage-nasal bone overlap, total septal area, septal cartilage area and, the proportion of the cartilage area to septal area and the maximal harvestable cartilage for grafting were calculated using the PACTM program. Results. All the parameters were increased until adolescence. Thereafter, bony dorsal length, cartilage dorsal length, total dorsal length, total septal area and maximal harvestable cartilage for grafting have not changed significantly with age, while SC-NB overlap length, septal cartilage area, and proportion of the cartilage area to the total septal area were significantly decreased with age. The SC-NB overlap length was positively correlated with the septal cartilage area and the proportion of the cartilage area to the total septal area. Conclusion. The small septal cartilage area and its proportion to the total septal area were significantly correlated with a short overlap length of the septal cartilage under the nasal bone. Septal procedures should be carefully performed in the elderly due to the risk of incurring saddle nose.

육가공제품 냉장 유통체계 급선무 -제조일보다 상화기일 표기 바람직-

김인상 한국식품산업협회 1989 좋은식품 Vol.100 No.-

초등학교 체육시설·교구의 이용 실태와 문제점 및 개선 방안

김인상 한국학교체육학회 2003 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 체육시설?교구의 이용 실태와 문제점 및 개선방안을 연구 분석하여 초등체육교육의 효율성을 극대화하는데 기여하는 것이었다. 4명의 초등학교 체육교사를 대상으로 심층면담이라는 질적 연구방법을 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 연구자료는 신뢰도와 타당도를 높이기 위한 전략으로 다각도 분석법, 전문가들과의 협의, 연구참여자의 검토 등의 전략을 통한 귀납적 범주분석을 사용하여 분석하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 체육시설 및 교구의 이용 실태에서 체육수업 중 구기종목의 공 종류와 체조종목의 틀, 매트 평균대 등을 많이 이용하고, 체육시설과 교구의 이용 면에서 교사들은 대체적으로 만족하고 안전하다고 생각하였으며, 초등체육수업의 질적 제고를 위하여 실내체육관을 가장 우선적으로 확보되기를 희망하고 있었다. 둘째, 체육시설 및 교구의 이용상의 문제점으로 체육시설 및 교구의 수량의 부족, 관리 확충 상의 어려움, 아동의 흥미와 신체발달에 도움이 부족한 점, 실내체육활등을 지원하는 시설 및 교구의 부족과 생활체육과의 연계성이 부족한 점 등이 드러났다. 셋째, 체육시설 및 교구의 이용상의 개선 방안 측면에서 체육창고에 체육교구 등을 잘 정리하여 이용의 편의성을 높이고, 필요한 체육시설과 교구의 수량을 충분히 확보하고 관리하며, 아동의 흥미에 맞고 신체발달에 기여하는 것으로 보완하여야 한다. 우천시를 위해 다양한 실내체육프로그램용 체육시설 및 교구가 연구 개발되어야 한다. 또한 부족한 학교체육시설을 보완하기 위하여 지역사회의 다양한 체육시설 이용하고 학교체육시설의 확충과 지역주민의 생활체육 활성화를 위하여 각 자치단체에서 많은 재정적 지원이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this research was to offer systematic and basic data for enhancing effectivity of physical education., to analyze interview and narrative statement of teachers about the use statement, problem and improvement of physical facilities and devices in elementary school, Participants of this research were four teachers, the method of this research was used qualitative case study by depth interview and narrative statement of teachers. It were verified to enhance the validity and reliability of this research by triangulation, peer debriefing, member checking. The data of this research were collected, analyzed by those methods. The major results of the study was as follows ; First, in the use statement of physical facilities and device, teachers used frequently balls, mattress and balance beam of gymnastics in the physical class, thought to be satisfied, to be safe them mostly in the use of physical facilities and device. And they hoped to be founded the gymnasium above all for enhancing qualitative level of physical class in elementary school. Second, in the using problem of physical facilities and devices, teachers indicated the lack of physical facilities and devices, difficult of administration, the shortage of interest of children and physical development, the want of facilities and devices to support inner sports activity, more connection with social sports. Third, in the improvement of physical facilities and devices, teachers indicated to be offered using convenience to administer them well, to be secured quantity and volume of physical facilities and devices sufficiently. Teachers indicated that they should prepare to be satisfied interest of children and to be served physical development. For the bad weather day, they came out to be develop various physical facilities and devices for inner sports. And they said that school needs much financial aid of the local government for securing various physical facilities and devices in elementary school, teachers can use physical facilities and devices in social to supplement the shortage of physical facilities and devices.

만성 비부비동염 점막에서 정적 및 동적 섬모운동 양상의 변화 및 임상 양상과의 관련성

김인상,김혜영,배승현,강정욱,이재서 대한이비인후과학회 2008 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.51 No.2

There are conflicting results about ciliary activity in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). And dynamic movements reacting to various stimuli in sinusitis mucosa have been studied rarely. This study was designed to investigate the ciliary activity according to the severity of sinusitis and clinical symptoms. We aimed to identify the dynamic ciliary activity in response to purinergic stimulation in sinusitis. Subjects and Method:Nasal mucosal samples were obtained from 44 CRS and 20 normal subjects. We measured ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in the basal and activated status. For evaluating the correlation of CBF with clinical findings, nasal symptoms, endoscopic findings, CT findings, allergy tests, and olfactory tests were reviewed. Results:No significant differences were found in basal CBF between normal and CRS mucosa. However, the CBF stimulated by ATP in normal and CRS mucosa showed marked differences:both the maximal increase and duration of increased CBF by ATP were significantly reduced in CRS mucosa. The olfactory test showed significant correlation with basal CBF, but the presence of allergy or nasal symptoms did not show significant correlation with the basal CBF. The CT score and presence of nasal polyposis showed negative correlation with the basal CBF (p<0.05). Conclusion:The basal CBF of normal and CRS mucosa showed no difference. However, dynamic ciliary activity responding to purinergic stimulation was markedly attenuated in sinusitis mucosa. The severity of sinusitis and presence of polyposis negatively affected CBF. (Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2008;51:136-40)

PHENOLIC MICROSPHERE 의 합성에 관한 연구

김인상,이종두,서길수 한국고분자학회 1989 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1989 No.10

An Anatomic Study on the Overlap Patterns of Structural Components in the Keystone Area in Noses of Koreans

김인상,정영준,이영일 대한이비인후과학회 2008 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.1 No.3

Objectives. The keystone area has critical importance in maintaining the stability of the nasal dorsum. However, overlap patterns between structural components in the keystone area have rarely been studied, especially in the noses of Koreans. Methods. Dissections were performed on 18 cadaveric noses. The length and width of the structural components in the keystone area were measured. The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone and the overlap patterns between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone were classified. Results. The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone were classified as follows: type A, curvilinear margin; type B, paramedian retractions or “M” shape; type C, elongated midline; and type D, retracted midline. The overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was classified as follows: type Ao, crescent shape; type Bo, short midline extension; and type Co, long midline extension. The cephalocaudal length of the overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was 4-10 mm (mean, 7 mm) in the midline, and 0-7 mm (mean, 3.1 mm) in the paramedian area. The overlap width of the upper lateral cartilage with the nasal bone was 8-14 mm (mean, 9.7 mm). Conclusion. The overlap pattern of the structural components in the keystone area is variable. Therefore, a thorough understanding and a cautious evaluation of the relationships of these components before and during surgery is important in performing safe and effective nasal procedures. Objectives. The keystone area has critical importance in maintaining the stability of the nasal dorsum. However, overlap patterns between structural components in the keystone area have rarely been studied, especially in the noses of Koreans. Methods. Dissections were performed on 18 cadaveric noses. The length and width of the structural components in the keystone area were measured. The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone and the overlap patterns between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone were classified. Results. The shape of the caudal margin of the nasal bone were classified as follows: type A, curvilinear margin; type B, paramedian retractions or “M” shape; type C, elongated midline; and type D, retracted midline. The overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was classified as follows: type Ao, crescent shape; type Bo, short midline extension; and type Co, long midline extension. The cephalocaudal length of the overlap area between the upper lateral cartilage and the nasal bone was 4-10 mm (mean, 7 mm) in the midline, and 0-7 mm (mean, 3.1 mm) in the paramedian area. The overlap width of the upper lateral cartilage with the nasal bone was 8-14 mm (mean, 9.7 mm). Conclusion. The overlap pattern of the structural components in the keystone area is variable. Therefore, a thorough understanding and a cautious evaluation of the relationships of these components before and during surgery is important in performing safe and effective nasal procedures.

탄산(呑酸)에 관(關)한 임상적(臨床的) 연구(硏究)

김인상,문구,문석재,Kim, In-Sang,Moon, Goo,Moon, Seok-Jae 대한한방내과학회 1992 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.13 No.2

Clinical studies were done on 43 cases of Tan-San(呑酸) patient which were treated by outpatient, took medicine with Ge-Wool-Hwa-Dam-Jeon (開鬱火痰煎) in Dept. of 2nd clinic, Christian Oriental Hospital from June in 1991 to end of May in 1992. The results were as follows. 1. The ratio of sex and age was 37.2% males (16 cases) and 62.7% females (27 cases) somewhat higher than males, In the age distribution, the highiest decade was thirtieth decade 48.83% (21 cases). 2. In the vocational distribution, housewives 51.16% (22 cases), commerces 23.25% (10 cases), company employee, teachers, students were in order of frequency and in the regional distribution was city 93.02% (40 cases), from village 6.97% (3 cases). 3. In the type distribution, the highiest frequency was Gan-Gi-Beom-Wi(肝氣犯胃) type 53.48% (23 cases), and Sik-Jeok (食積) 18.8% (8 cases), Bi-Gi-Heo(脾氣虛) 16.27% (7 cases) were in order of frequency. 4. In the western name of a disease distribution, the highiest frequency was chronic gastritis 37.20% (16 cases). 5. In the period of history, the highiest freguency was between six months and one year 23.25% (10 cases), furthermore between 5 years and 10 years 2.32% (40 cases). 6. In the treatment period, the highiest frequency was between 3 weeks and 4 weeks 38.46% (10 cases), and between one month and 2 months 30.76% (8 cases) was in order of frequency. 7. Treatment progress found out progressed 74.2% (26 cases) among the 35 cases which was known treatment progress.

미세 구형 Phenolic 수지의 합성에 관한 연구

배만호,이일희,서길수,김인상 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1990 연구보고 Vol.18 No.1

The present study was to develop a process for the synthesis of particulate solid, heat-reactive. substantially water-insoluble resoles. The study was comprised the steps of: (i) reacting formaldehyde, a phenol, and hexamethylenetetramine or a compound containing amino hydrogen, in an aqueous medium containing an effective amount of a protective colloid, for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to synthesize an aqueous dispersion of a particulate solid, heat reactive, substantially water-insoluble thermosetting resole: and (ii) recovering the particulate resole from aqueous dispersion. The resulting particulate resole was free0flowing powder that has excellent resistance to sintering. The powder was pyrolyzed in order to make carbonic microsphere under helium atmosphere.

변화와 개혁을 위한 영국교정서비스의 신패러다임 고찰 - 범죄자 관리의 신모델인 NOMS (NationalOffender Management Service)를 중심으로 -

김인상 한국보호관찰학회 2006 보호관찰 Vol.6 No.-

우리나라 肉加工産業의 現況

金寅相 한국식품과학회 1990 식품과학과 산업 Vol.23 No.4