응급실에 내원한 비출혈 환자에서 Rapidrhino 패킹의 효용성

이기일,권문오,양찬주,조인수,이기일 대한응급의학회 2017 대한응급의학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Purpose: Although there are many treatment options for managing epistaxis, little is known about their outcomes in the emergency department (ED). In this study, we evaluated the management of epistaxis, especially comparing the efficacy between Rapidrhino and Merocel . Methods: A retrospective review of patients with epistaxis visiting the ED between January 2010 and June 2016 was performed. Haemostatic properties of packs were initially measured in the ED, and after the removal of packs in the otorhinolaryngology clinic. Subgroup analyses were performed in a similar fashion for patients receiving and not receiving anticoagulants or the antiplatelet. Results: The initial success rates for Rapidrhino and Merocel were both high (90.3%, 86.3%, respectively). Rebleeding rates for Rapidrhino and Merocel were 41.4% and 56.3%, respectively. Overall, there was a significant difference between the two types of packs in recurrence (p=0.032). Particularly, in patients with anticoagulants, the initial success rates of Rapidrhino were higher than that of Merocel (88.6%, 76.2%, respectively, p=0.222). The rebleeding rate of Rapidrhino was much lower than that of Merocel (54.3%, 85.7%, respectively, p=0.016). In the Rapidrhino group, the rebleeding rate varied according to the packing removal date (p=0.001). Conclusion: Rapidrhino and Merocel are equally effective in the initial arrest of epistaxis in the ED. Rapidrhino may be more effective in controlling haemorrage on removal, particularly in patients with anticoagulants. Patients with epistaxis could be treated with Rapidrhino in the ED, which could be removed in the outpatient clinic one day later.

항공영어구술능력증명시험과 항공안전 연구

이기일 한국교통연구원 2014 交通硏究 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this research is to analyze and to improve the English Proficiency Test forAviation system. This research is an in-depth analysis of the fundamentals of the ICAO language proficiency requirements and how it relates to Korea's current implementation, implementation in other countries, pilot stress and aviation safety. ICAO Doc 9835 deals with ICAO language proficiency requirements. It recommends member states evaluate English proficiency of pilots and air traffic controllers in emergency situations or abnormal conditions using plain language. However, 57% of the general plain language (not related to aeronautical radiotelephony) in the Korean English Proficiency Test for Aviation speaking test differs from ICAO Doc 9835 guidelines. 320 Korean pilots and 47 foreign pilots from Korean Air and Asiana Airlinesparticipated in the survey. 93% of Korean pilots answered that the English Proficiency Test for Aviation did not enhance their aviation English proficiency skills and 45% answered that thestress caused from having to regularly re-take the test was an aviation safety hazard. The result of this research suggests the listening and speaking sections of the test should be significantly improved with content that has more direct relation to actual radiotelephony scenarios. In addition, the re-evaluation process for level 4 and above should be replaced with a qualitycomputer-based test system. 본 연구의 목적은 항공영어구술능력증명시험(EPTA) 제도를 개선하는 데 있다. 항공영어제도에 대한 ICAO의 기준을 살펴보고 한국의 운영현황, 외국의 운영사례, 스트레스와 항공안전과의 관계를 분석하였다. ICAO 항공영어제도의 기준이 되는 ICAO Doc 9835는 각 회원국에 항공기 운항 중 비정상 상황에서 발생할 수 있는 조종사와 관제사 간 항공무선통신과 관련한 Plain Language에 대하여 교육하고 평가하라고 권고하고 있다. 그러나 한국 EPTA는 말하기평가 57%가 일반회화방식의 Plain Language로 구성되어 있어 ICAO 기준과 다르게 나타나고 있다. EPTA 설문조사는 대한항공과 아시아나항공 소속 내국인조종사 320명과 외국인조종사 47명을 대상으로 벌였다. 설문결과는 내국인조종사의 경우 93%가 항공영어능력 향상에 도움이 안 된다고 답하고 있으며 45%는 재평가 스트레스가 비행안전 위협요인이 되고 있다고 밝히고 있다. 본 연구 결과를 통해서 현행 EPTA 듣기와 말하기 영역의 평가가 좀 더 실제 교신상황과 직접적으로 관련된 내용으로 개선되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 또한 4등급자 재평가는 교육과 연계한 컴퓨터 프로그램(CBT․Combuter Based Test)방안을 제시하였다.

학생인권은 교권에 대립하는가?:교권 대 학생인권 프레임에 대한 비판적 담론분석

이기일,성열관 한국교육사회학회 2012 교육사회학연구 Vol.22 No.4

This study investigates the ideological construction of discourses on the Bill of Students' Human Rights (BSHR) through the selected editorial from the Chosun Daily and news report of JTBC. Discourses on students' human rights in print and broadcasting media are found to be imbricated within the structure of existing culture, yet, at the same time, challenge the traditional paradigm. Authors employ critical discourse analysis (CDA) as a methodological tool to deconstruct the common way of thinking in which frames the students' rights and the teachers' rights as binary opposition. Using Fairclough's CDA method, this paper tries to critically interpret and explain the way that the hidden and dominant power of control configures the discourses on BSHR. Firstly, the study analyzes the text of a news report and a newspaper editorial to reveal the linguistic discursive strategies embedded in their respective discourses. Secondly, authors examine at the analytical level of discursive practice, how related discourses are sutured together to create the oppositional framing of students' rights vs. teachers' rights. Lastly, the paper scrutinizes the factors behind ideological and social base of the texts such as parents' educational fever, patriarchism, totalitarianism, views of youth as immature, and differing interpretations of what infringes on student rights to learn. 이 논문은 인권조례를 둘러싼 논쟁에서 교권과 학생인권을 대립항으로 개념화하는 담론 프레임과 그 사회적 효과에 대해 분석하기 위한 것이다. 이에 조선일보 사설과 JTBC 뉴스 보도를 텍스트로 하여 학생인권조례 담론이 기존의 패러다임에 도전하는 동시에 기존의 문화에 속박되는 현실에 대해 비판적 담론 분석 방법을 통해 분석해 보았다. 이를 통해 학생인권반대 담론에서 교권 대 학생인권의 이항적 대립 관계로 규정되는 일상의 상식을 해체하고, 그 안에 은폐된 지배적인 권력과 통제 방식을 비판적으로 해석하고 설명하였다. 이 과정에서 첫째, 주어진 텍스트를 미시적으로 분석하여, 특정 담론에 내재된 언어적 담론 전략을 살펴보았다. 그런 다음, 담론적 실천 수준에서는 학생인권 반대 담론을 상호적으로 구성하는 여러 담론들이 재맥락화하면서 학생인권 대 교권의 대립 구도를 생산하는 과정을 분석하였다. 셋째, 담론의 사회적 실천 단계에서는 텍스트의 이데올로기적 조건과 사회적 효과에 대해 규명하고자 하였다. 학생인권은 교권을 유린할 수 있다는 불안 요소를 지닌 대립 프레임 안에 놓임으로써 기존의 상식 속에서 그 의미가 희석되었고 결국 학생인권조례 당초의 취지를 좌절시키는 사회적 실천 효과를 낳았다.

의미 미분 척도법에 의한 이중 언어, 한국어 단일어 화자 청소년들의 사회/문화 정체성에 대한 연구

이기일,김형엽 국제언어인문학회 2014 인문언어 Vol.16 No.3

Using the sematic differential scaling method, this study investigates the linguistic and social/cultural identity of English-Korean bilingual and Korean native speaking adolescents who live in Korea. Three hundred forty four students participated in questionnaire survey eliciting the perception of social/cultural identity. The survey questions were sorted by four sub-factors, which are affiliation, emotional, social and ethical value evaluation factors. These were analyzed in accordance with the degree of their English proficiency. The overall results on the survey showed that there was no significant difference in bilingual and Korean speaking participants’ perception of social/cultural identity. This indicates that bilingual adolescents shift their identity toward Korean culture and acculturate their social/cultural perception. Considering the socio-economic factors required for English learning in Korea, the English language play an important role as cultural capital. The result of this study reaffirmed that there is relevant social economic status difference between bilingual and Korean speaking adolescents.

A Novel Powered Nasal Irrigation After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Preliminary Study

이기일,김종엽,손수민,김승호,김명희,남은우,인승민 대한이비인후과학회 2022 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.65 No.2

Background and Objectives We aimed to compare the efficacy of a novel powered irrigationsystem with that of the manual bottle-squeeze method for postoperative healing after endoscopicsinonasal surgery (ESS). Subjects and Method In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 29 patients were enrolledfor nasal irrigation (NI) with either NOSSHA® (Womens Care Co., Ltd.) powered irrigationsystem (NOSSHA® group, n=14) or manual irrigation (control group, n=15). Objectivefindings were evaluated using the modified Lund-Kennedy scores. Subjective outcomes wereassessed using the total nasal endoscopic score (TNES), total nasal symptom score (TNSS),visual analog scale (VAS), and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires in each group at baseline,and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after ESS. We compared the postoperative changes between bothgroups. Results The mean TNES of patients were significantly higher in the NOSSHA® group thanin the control group (p=0.015); however, the improvement in TNES was achieved 2 weeksearlier in the NOSSHA® group. The improvement in TNES (p<0.001) and TNSS (p<0.001)was statistically significant in both groups. The improvement in QOL was statistically significantin the NOSSHA® (p<0.001) and control group (p=0.007). The improvement in the TNSSand QOL was earlier in the NOSSHA® group by 4 and 7 weeks, respectively; no early improvementoccurred in the NOSSHA® group for the VAS score. Conclusion We validated the usefulness of postoperative NI using a powered device, whichmay be useful for patients who cannot tolerate manual NI.

상업적으로 시판되는 코골이 방지 기기의 임상적 고찰

이기일,최지호 대한이비인후과학회 2023 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.66 No.6

Snoring is a common issue that negatively affects sleep quality. Generally, simple snorerswithout sleep apnea may be managed with various therapeutic options such as behavioraltreatments, mandibular advancement devices or surgeries, while more complicated snorerswith moderate to severe sleep apnea may be managed with positive airway pressure. Recently,commercially-available devices have been widely implemented to improve snoring by widen-ing the nasal airway or preventing mouth breathing. Nasal dilator strips are typically used asexternal nasal dilators, while internal nasal dilators include nasal stents, nasal clips, and nasalstimulators. Chin straps and mouth tape can be used to improve adherence to positive airwaypressure, as well as to manage simple snorers with mouth breathing. However, there is a scarci-ty of information in literature with regard to the clinical role of these devices. Therefore, phy-sicians should carefully consider whether these commercially-available devices can be a via-ble alternative management option for snoring patients. Herein, we provide literature reviewsof clinically-available devices for snorers with their indication, effectiveness, and safety.

필수유지업무제도의 위헌성에 관한 연구:항공운수사업을 중심으로

이기일,강을영 한국노동연구원 2017 노동정책연구 Vol.17 No.2

Essential Maintained Services are a business that markedly endangers public life and health or personality security or public daily life, and it took effect on January 1 in 2008 for the purpose of the protection of public interest and the harmonization of the right to strike. However, as a result of its operation, many problems and necessity of revision were suggested. This study analyzed essential managed services system focusing on advanced studies and examined the side effects exposed by designation of aerial transportation business as an essential public business. It analyzed the cases of essential maintained business agreement and verified the problems on essential maintained business application of aerial transportation business. As a result, a conclusion was drawn that the essential maintained services have the possibility of unconstitutionality due to excessive limitation of basic human rights in the light of aviation safety issues and constitution resulting from the deterioration in working conditions of airline employees. This study suggested significant implications for the public value of aviation safety and basic labor rights. 필수유지업무는 공중의 생명, 건강 또는 신체의 안전이나 공중의 일상생활을 현저히 위태롭게 하는 업무로서 공익의 보호와 쟁의권의 조화를 목표로 2008. 1. 1.부터 시행되었다. 그러나 운영 결과, 여러 문제점과 개정필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 선행연구를 중심으로 필수유지업무제도를 분석하고 항공운수사업의 필수공익사업 지정으로 드러난 부작용을 검토하였다. 필수유지업무협정 사례를 분석하고 항공운수사업의 필수유지업무적용 문제점과 위헌성에 대하여 검증하였다. 연구결과 항공사 근로자 근로조건 저하로 인한 항공안전의 문제와 헌법적 관점에서 기본권에 대한 과도한 제한으로 위헌가능성이 있다는 결론이 도출되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 항공안전의 공익적 가치와 노동기본권에 대한 의미 있는 시사점을 제시하였다.

레클레르시아 아데카르복시라타에 의한 각막궤양 1예

이기일,정성근,황형빈 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.6

Purpose: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Leclercia adecarboxylata in an immunocompetent patient. Case summary: A previously healthy 43-year-old female presented with right ocular pain and was referred to our clinic under the impression of corneal abrasion and secondary infection. The patient was treated at a local clinic for 3 days using artificial tears, therapeutic contact lens, topical antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory eye drops but showed no improvement. Gram staining, bacterial and fungal cultures and antibiotic sensitivity test were performed from a corneal scrape. The cultures revealed growth of Leclercia adecarboxylata. The patient was treated with moxifloxacin and ofloxacin eye drops. After 2 weeks of treatment, the infection resolved without remaining scars. Conclusions: Reportedly, Leclercia adecarboxylata affects humans only as an opportunistic pathogen or part of polymicrobial infections. However, in the present case, Leclercia adecarboxylata was isolated as a single pathogen in an immunocompetent patient which is the first clinical report of this microorganism found in an ocular sample. Therefore, if antibiotic-susceptible gram-negative bacilli are found in opthalmologic samples, the above bacteria should be considerd in the diagnosis. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(6):918-922

Strain-Specific Differences in House Dust Mite (Dermatophagoides farinae)-Induced Mouse Models of Allergic Rhinitis

이기일,배준상,김은희,김지혜,Lele Lyu,정영준,모지훈 대한이비인후과학회 2020 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.13 No.4

Objectives. Limited information is available regarding strain-related differences in mouse models of allergic rhinitis induced by Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f1). In this study, we compared differences between two mouse strains and determined the optimal dose of Der f1 for allergic rhinitis mouse models. Methods. Forty-eight mice were assigned to the following six groups (n=8 per group): group A (control, BALB/c), group B (Der f1-sensitized BALB/c, 25 μg), group C (Der f1-sensitized BALB/c, 100 μg), group D (control, C57BL/6), group E (Der f1-sensitized C57BL/6, 25 μg), and group F (Der f1-sensitized C57BL/6, 100 μg). Allergic inflammation was induced with Der f1 and alum sensitization, followed by an intranasal challenge with Der f1. Rubbing and sneezing scores, eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration, and immunoglobulin, cytokine, and chemokine levels in the nasal mucosa and from splenocyte cultures were assessed. Results. Rubbing and sneezing scores were higher in groups B, C, E, and F than in groups A and D, with a similar pattern in both strains (i.e., group B vs. E and group C vs. F). Serum immunoglobulin levels were significantly elevated compared to the control in groups B and C, but not in groups E and F. Eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration increased (all P<0.05) after the Der f1 challenge (groups B, C, E, and F) compared to the control (groups A and D) in both the BALB/c and C57BL/6 strains, without any significant difference between the two strains (group A vs. D, group B vs. E, and group C vs. F) (P>0.05). BALB/c mice (group B) showed a greater elevation of splenic interleukin (IL)-4 (P<0.01), IL-5 (P<0.01), and IL-6 levels (P<0.05) and nasal IL-4 mRNA levels (P<0.001) than the C57BL/6 mice (group E). Interestingly, mice treated with 100 μg Der f1 showed a weaker allergic response than those treated with 25 μg. Conclusion. We found 25 μg to be a more appropriate dose for Der f1 sensitization. BALB/c mice are more biased toward a Th2 response and are a more suitable model for allergic rhinitis than C57BL/6 mice. This study provides information on the appropriate choice of a mouse model for allergic rhinitis.

항공영어구술능력증명시험 개선방안 연구

이기일,Lee, Ki Il 한국항공운항학회 2016 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.24 No.4

ICAO(International Civil Aviation Organization) established ICAO LPRs(Language Proficiency Requirements) which is an international standard of English for aviation to promote the aviation safety. The Republic of Korea government amended the aviation law on the 8th of November, 2005 and made EPTA(English Proficiency Test for Aviation) as a follow up action. Purpose of this research is analysing the problem of EPTA and improving it. This investigation takes a look at the current ICAO LPRs and compares the difference between EPTA and other global English proficiency requirements for aviation. The result indicated that there is a discordance between the standards of ICAO and EPTA. Also, the global English proficiency reqirements for aviation and EPTA had differences which required improvements. The study suggests to replace more job relevant questions in the EPTA and reform the level system of EPTA.