有煙炭灰의 活用에 關한 實驗的 硏究

김용준 嶺南大學校 1996 국내석사

임베디드 보안카메라의 적외선 이미지를 활용한 실시간 객체감지

김용준 건국대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

京畿道 交通安全施設의 改善方案에 관한 硏究

金容俊 경기대학교 행정대학원 1999 국내석사

All kinds of Cars have been increased by promotion of civil life and economic development since 1970s, especially privately-owned cars have been increased radically, which is caused a lot of traffic problems. In late 1997 10,400,000 cars is registered all over the country, more than 18,000,000 people have drive licence. Traffic accidents had brought about 246,452 cases, the dead were 11,603 persons, the wounded were 343,159 persons. In Kyonggi province case, 2,020,000 cars is registered on late '97. more than 3,340,000 people have drive licence. Traffic accidents had brought about 41163 cases which is 16% of country, the dead were 1,713 persons, which is 14.2% of country, the wounded were 59,011 persons, which is 17.2% of country. Traffic accident is caused by several complex factors which are overspeed and drunk driving, reckless driving, insufficiency of traffic safety facilities, lack of a source of income, a defect of deciesive budget investment, insufficiency of advanced automatic facilities and unmaned-control system of traffic violation besides natural causes is followed by the great quantity of car and the volume of traffic, and so on. Furthemore, there almost insufficient status of the traffic facilites. It is radical stuation that positions and quantity of installation for the maintain management of facilites. Therefore, this thesis places great importance on the traffic safty among traffic poroblems in Kyonggi province. Especially, I studied reasonable measures of facility, which is improvement of traffic safty facilities precautions against valuable life of property. First, I, investigated the theoretical background which are about conceptions, causes, factors of the traffic accident through the existing literature, the related laws and regulations. Sencond, I examined the idea of an expressman about traffic safety facilities based on analysis of several meterial for study and the present condition of a traffic accident. It is via question expressmen on their opinions and analysis about the traffic condition and traffic safety facilities, the present condition of a occurred traffic accident in Kyonggi province where have special regional characteristics. Third, I tried to find the improval method and the effective management about traffic safety facilities, all problems actual condition. I am going to say briefly contents of this thesis presented the improval method and the effective management about traffic safety facilities for precautions against traffic accident First, I tried to find to make efficient method extreamed. Ministries of goverment were made a clear distinction responsibility of management among themselves and hold each other in check Second, I showed installation of traffic safety facilities and the method of reducing traffic accidents through computerizing and scientific managemant about traffic safety facilities and administering traffic accidents Third, I showed the improval method of installation and administration maintainably of a traffic light, indicating a lane, a traffic sign, a plane intersection. Fourth, I showed the method of investing traffic safety facilities with a traffic fine to increase and save traffic budget for traffic safety facilities. Fifth, I presented the scheme that we need to educate professional which systematically have capacity to install and manage traffic safety facilities of high-tech complicated complex like a traffic light, a traffic information center, and that we could make a chioce of capable production enterprise. Sixth, I tried to find a solution a problem that we could remote traffic convenience and reduce traffic accidents, on condition that now dual administrative systems now have to unificate, which will secure finances and maintain and consistent the administration of traffic safety. Judging from this piont of view, I hope that our traffic policce also will be made effort to improve system and to strenghten the traffic safety facilities, the education which come up with the level of respecting man's life dignity.

政府糧穀 管理制度의 改善方案 : 2重 穀價制를 中心으로

김용준 全南大學校 行政大學院 1984 국내석사

米穀과 麥類에 對한 2重穀價制는 生産農民의 所得增大와 消費者 家計의 負擔節減을 通해 國民經濟에 많은 貢獻을 하여 왔으나 糧特計定의 赤字와 이로 인한 인플레 問題를 惹起시켰다. 糧穀管理基金法이 公布된 1970年以後 2重穀價 政策으로 因한 糧特赤字는 每年 發生되어 1983年末現在 l兆5,835億원에 達하고 있으며 最近 開放農政이 擡頭되면서 그 深刻性이 더해가고 있다. 따라서 本 硏究는 그간 實施해 온 2重穀價制의 內容과 問題點을 分析하고 2重穀價制를 包含한 政府糧穀管理制度의 改善方案을 模索하기 爲하여 第2章에서 2重穀價制의 理論的 背景으로 2重穀價制의 槪念, 期待效果, 外國의 糧穀管理制度를 紹介하고 第3, 4章에서 2重穀價制의 理論을 基礎로 하여 韓國2重穀價制의 現況과 問題點을 比較 分析하고 第5章에서 糧穀管理制度의 改善方案 第6章에서 要約과 結論을 記述하였다. 그간 2重穀價制 實施로 結果된 農家 所得增大와 都市消費者들의 消費支出減少 效果는 「인플레」에 依한 否定的 效果보다 훨씬 크게 나타나고 있으므로 앞으로 糧穀管理 政策은 現行 2重穀價制度를 維持하면서 政府의 介入을 줄이고 市場經濟原理에 가깝게 接近시키면서 糧特赤宇를 더이상 擴大시키지 않고 物價를 安定시키는 方向으로 改善되어야한다. 이를 위한 代案으로서는 (1) 政府糧穀 放出價格을 適正 季節 變動幅을 適用하여 端境期에 上向 調整하고 秋收期에 下向調整하여 差等價格으로 放出하므로서 糧特赤字를 解消하고 (2) 政府糧穀收買價格은 農家所得增大에 直接 影響을 주기 때문에 價格決定은 實地 收買價를 保障하는 水準에서 決定되어야 한다. (3) 糧穀管理要員의 精銳化, 糧穀管理의 電算化等 政府糧穀管理 行政을 科學化하므로서 糧穀管理費用을 節減해 나가야 한다. (4) 政府糧穀管理 規模는 年次的으로 適正規模로 縮少하면서 民間 流通機構가 糧穀의 需給과 價格調節 機能을 充分히 發揮할 수 있도록 商人 流通組織을 育成해야 한다. (5) 糧穀價格 現實化에 따른 都市 低所得層의 保護는 繼續되어야 하며 이에 따른 費用은 社會保障測面에서 一般財政에서 支援되어야 한다. (6) 政府收買糧穀은 收買에서 販賣까지 品種과 品質에 따라 等級化하여 政府糧穀의 品位를 높이고 消費者 嗜好에 따라 販賣가 이루어져야 한다. The Different Price System of Rice and Barley has contributed to the national economy by increasing the income of farmers and bringing the curtailment of the burden to the consuming public. The system, however, caused the deficit in the special accounts of grain and inflation. Since the promulgation of the Law of Grain Management Fund in 1970, the double grain price policy brought about the deficit in the special accounts of grain every year. The amounts of the deficit as of the end of 1983 are one trillion, 583 billion and 500 million won. With the coming out of the open-agricultural policy, the difficulty of the problem grew more and more serious. This study aims to find a plan for the improvement on the governmental grain management by analyzing the contents and problems of the double grain price system. In the second chapter, I present the theoretical ground for the double grain price system, the concept of the system, and its expected effects. Some grain management systems in foreign countries are also introduced. I compare the present condition in Korea under the double grain price system and its problems, and analyze them on the basis of the theory of the system in the third and fourth chapters. The following chapter shows a plan for the improvement on the grain management system. The summary and conclusion of this study are described in the final chapter. The different price system has brought the effects of increasing the income of farmers and curtailment in urban consumers' living expense. Though there are some negative effects from inflation, the system can be proved fruitful. So the present different price system must be maintained for the grain management policy for the future. Reducing the intervention in the system, the government should make the policy approach the market economy principle. Simultaneously the policy should be the scheme which does not expand the differential price system-related deficit in order to stabilize prices. The alternative plans for the improvement are as follows: (1) The release price of government-stock rice should be adjusted upward during the preharvest months and be adjusted downward during the time of harvest by applying the range of fluctuation according to the reasonable seasons in prices. When governmental rice is released with differential prices, the problem in the differential price system-related deficit will be solved. (2) Since the Governmental purchasing price of rice has an influence on the increasing of the income of farmers immediately, the price should be determined in the level of guaranteeing the actual purchasing price. (3) The amount of expenses for the grain management should be cut down by scientification of food grains administrative management, which includes the methods of making the management personnels elites and the computerization of Grains Administrative Management. (4) While the scope of the governmental grain management should be reduced appropriately every year, a circulating organization which consists of private traders should be promoted. This plan will make the organization act to the best of its abilities that adjust the demand and supply of grains and the price. (5) The governmental protection for a low income-group in towns, which is one of the problems caused by readjusting the price to a realistic by the financial help from the general accounts in the side of social security. (6) It will be possible that improving the governmental purchasing rice in quality and marketing it complying with the consumer's preference by grading the species and quality of grains from the time of purchasing to marketing.

우리나라 都市老人들의 生活實態에 關한 硏究 : 서울地域을 中心으로

김용준 명지대학교 대학원 1988 국내석사

Based upon the thought of a high respect to the old people and devotion to the parents from the ancient times, we Koreans have enjoyed a system so well established, for supporting the old people. The concept to the old people, according to a variety of relevant scholars, is such comprehensive symptoms of old people stemmed from physiological, physical, psychological, and sociological senility. In this view, he welfare of the aged peole may well be interpreted as social endeavor to settle overall matters with the old people who attained in the unproductive age of senility, physiological and psychological. It was from around the late stage of the 1960s, when the national economic development began to go in full swing, that. in Korea they began to raise issues of the welfare of the aged people. Since 1960s, our country has consistently and rapidly become 'industrialized urbanized and family-nuclearized, along with the economic development. This has brought about marked changes: one is the change in our traditional value caused by our: improved economic and social living conditions : and the other is the increase in the old population which was a result of lengthened life span thanks to the advancement of scientific technique, and food nutrition. According to the shifting trend of old population provided by Korea Development Institute (KDI), the increase rate of the old population, showing 6.6 percent in 1985, is expected to come up to 9.7 percent in the year 2000 and 25 percent in the year 2040 ; there is every indication that the problems with the continued increase of the advanced people will emerge into the social issues. What emerged as most serious problems suffered by the old people may be categorized into no income-earning, decline in health, loss o role, and' senses of alienation and loneliness. A questionnaire revealed that a great majority of old -population depended on their children for living, indicating 75.4 percent of the total old respondents to the question. This is a very reason. why the old people are kept out of earning income. Most naturally, there is a pressing need for extending the enforcement by the Government of the National Pension System, as soon as possible, to the entire nation. The questionnaire disclosed that a considerable number of old people were facing a change in the traditional position as superiors, that is the respondents still used main living rooms, while other remaining respondents cause to use other smaller rooms instead of main living rooms. Traditionally, Korean old people have been accustomed to the use of the main living room in their houses. This is not the case, however. The older generations, being brought down in the rank of earning, are naturally deprived of their superior positions. According to the question, 76 percent of the old respondents were dependent on their sons for pocket money, whereas daughters-in-law, of whom only 5.7 percent allowed such pocket money, turned out to be not linient in giving pocket money for their fathers-in-law's use. About the monthly amount of pocket money they spent, it (came out that 64 percent of the total respondents had spent more or less than 30,000 won a month but that those who enjoyed high academic career and materially rich standard of living .were consuming more than the remaining others were. As for their health, no less than 32 percent of the total old respondents were not in good condition and they were suffering from a wide variety of diseases. It revealed that the proportion of disease was higher to old women than to old men. Medical insurance benefit may be served as the most essential to the preservation of their health. As a matter of fact, the old generations in Korea are brought under the pressing needs to. receive a nationwide extension of the medical insurance system, as disclosed in the survey in which only 35 percent got benefits of the medical insurance system. It is mainly due to the forfeiture of the financial power at home that the aged are losing their role at home and in society as well, This again means not only a degradation of position as a senior but a loss of role as the head of a household. In order to investigate what role the old people play in their household, the old respondents were asked a question about by whom the decisions are made at home. Forty percent of them responded they followed the decision made by their eldest son ; 19 percent said the decision emerged after bilateral cooperation ; and other 33 percent answered their sons, made final decisions of their household 'affairs. This illustractes that quite a good proportion of old people were excluded from the participation in the decision-making role at home. And again, the old people participated in the question were asked about what opinions they had in doing work in attempt of make good use of leisure hours. Sixty nine percent of them considered it to be desirable. The reason, why they wanted to do the work, is that 27 percent needed some pocket money, 22 percent desired to kill time only with no other special purpose, nine percent wished to work something, and 8 percent needed it In to make a living. About the filial. piety by the young to the old counterparts were the old respondents asked in the question 26 percent of them pointed out the young people were discourteous to their old people ; 37 percent answered the old ought to be honoured. These illustrate the declining respect to the old people. The young people are urged to honour the old people. As a consequence, now it is time for us to establish much indigenous system of welface for the aged, apart from the western style of welfare centering too much. on material welfare, for from spiritual phenomenon. In other words, we have to take both spiritual and material welfare on an equal basis. This is to ensure the balance-and harmony between the spiritual satisfaction and the material one. All in all, we should be adamant with our traditional thought of exercising loyal piety to the old generation by establishing the basic regulation of morals at home, material and spiritual. If we are to achieve the balance and harmony between the spiritual and the material welfares to the old generations.

금강수계 토양 중 PFCs 잔류특성

김용준 淸州大學校 2011 국내석사

In this study, the residual characteristics of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are examined in Geum river basin. The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants holding in 2004 is designated the 12 species of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and added to the 9 species of new POPs in 2009. Therefore, the 21 species of POPs is designated until the present. A concern about perfluorinated compounds, recently, has been increasing as the Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid(PFOS), its salts and Perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride(PFOS-F) among the new POPs were included. PFCs are persistent and widely distributed in the environment. Especially, perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates, represent special chemicals with specific technological properties. Following several decades of commercial use, PFCs have been discovered to be globally distributed and persistent environmental contaminants. The fluorinated surfactants are fluorinated organic compound artificially combined. The Fluorinated surfactants are studied grobally because it is difficult to break down the environment, moreover, the accumulation level is high. PFOA, PFOS as represent matters of PFCs are highly detected in the environment. And the best feature of PFCs is having high stability in natural environment without artificial condition. To evaluate the probability of exposure to human and ecosystem, the research analyzed the Perfluorinated compounds(PFOA, PFOS besides 12 species) designated POPs based on existing study method. To investigate on concentration of PFCs, the sampling sites selected the 24 sites in Geum river basin and the 8 sites near the sewage and waste water treatment plant. The Method Detection Limit(MDL) in this experiment was PFHxA 1.15 ng/g, PFHpA 0.61 ng/g, PFOA 1.09 ng/g, PFHxS 1.10 ng/g, 8:2FTUCA 3.13 ng/g, PFNA 0.93 ng/g, PFDA 0.88 ng/g, PFOS 1.08 ng/g, N-MeFOSAA 5.52 ng/g, N-EtFOSAA 7.50 ng/g, PFUnDA 1.88 ng/g, PFDoDA 2.66 ng/g, PFDS 2.59 ng/g, and PFTrDA 2.94 ng/g. The concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in 24 selected sites were in the range of N.D.~2.037 ng/g-dry wt, N.D.~1.695ng/g-dry wt, respectively. The compounds of 12 species except for PFOA and PFOS were N.D. or <MDL. Especially, the concentrations of PFDA and PFUnDA were in the range of N.D.~0.992 ng/g-dry wt., and N.D.~0.198 ng/g-dry wt, respectively. The total PFCs(∑PFCs) was in the range of N.D.~24.736 ng/g-dry wt. and the average PFCs was 1.864 ng/g-dry wt. The total PFCs near the sewage water treatment plant of Geum river basin investigated in the study was in the range of 0.266~0.675 ng/g-dry wt. And the total PFCs near the waste water treatment plant of Geum river basin investigated in the study was in the range of N.D.~24.736 ng/g-dry wt. As mentioned above, the total PFCs nearby waste water treatment plant was more than the value nearby sewage water treatment plant.

경계조건을 고려한 충전 절리면의 절단특성

김용준 嶺南大學校 大學院 2000 국내박사

온도조건에 따른 자동차 사이드 에어백 전개시간에 관한 연구

김용준 공주대학교 일반대학원 2019 국내석사

A side airbag has been installed in the vehicle seat to provide protection for passengers and it is operated through generation of nitrogen gas through a combustion of solid chemicals, which is harmless to humans, inside the airbag by the impact detection sensor if collision of the automobile occurs. The airbag quickly inflates within the average time of 0.03~0.06 seconds for its full operation from the time of collision to protect the passengers. It is a device installed to protect the heads of the passengers and to prevent them from being thrown out of the vehicle in the event of a lateral collision or roll-over accidents. Nitrogen generated inside the airbag provides a cushioning effect to prolong the time of the collision of passengers against the interior aspects of the vehicle. Therefore, the relative impact force is reduced to reduce the impact, that is, the size of the force exerted onto the passengers in turn ensures that they will incur fewer and less severe injuries. The deployment phenomenon in accordance with the environmental conditions of the side airbag (high temperature of 85℃, low temperature of -35℃, and room temperature of 21℃) was the quickest at the highest temperature in all of the large and mid-sized vehicles, followed by those at room and the lowest temperatures. This is because the elongation characteristic of the covering is better and the pad is softer when the temperature is higher Therefore, this study is on the time taken for the deployment of the side airbag in large and mid-sized vehicles in accordance with the environmental conditions. The purpose of this chapter was to confirm the time of deployment of the side airbag in accordance with the environmental conditions.

품질마이닝 기법을 이용한 공정 파라미터 허용차 알고리즘 개발

김용준 인천대학교 일반대학원 2016 국내박사

최근 제조업 분야에서는 급속히 발달하는 정보 기술과 자동화에 따라 하루에도 수천 수만의 다양한 품질 변수들이 추정되고 데이터베이스화되고 있다. 기존의 통계적 기법이나 관련 전문가에 의한 변수 선택과 해석은 정확한 판단에 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 최근에는 의사결정나무를 포함한 다양한 데이터 마이닝 기법들이 이용되고 있다. 의사결정나무 분석에서 CART와 C5.0이 대표적인 알고리즘이나, 연속형 설명변수의 허용차를 도출하는데 한계를 가지고 있어 이를 개선할 유용한 알고리즘의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 또한, 목표변수가 제품의 품질을 나타내는 정보에만 한정되어, 이를 보완하는 품질 정보에 대한 접근이 필요하게 되었다. 이에 본 논문에서는 손실 비용을 목표변수로 설정하여 이를 최소화하는 주요 변수를 찾는 동시에 CART와 C5.0의 한계점을 극복하는 새로운 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 새로운 알고리즘은 연속형 설명변수의 3개 범주화를 도입하여 체계적인 방법으로 허용차를 도출하는 알고리즘이다. 새로운 알고리즘과 기존 알고리즘의 성능 비교를 위하여 프로그래밍 R 환경에서 망목, 망소, 망대 특성치를 가정한 후 각 변수 별로 1,000개 데이터씩 10개의 시뮬레이션 세트를 발생하였다. 그리고 손실비용의 평균치 검정을 통해 새로운 알고리즘의 성능을 검증하였다. 검증 결과, 새로운 알고리즘이 망목, 망소, 망대 특성 모두에서 기존의 알고리즘에 비하여 손실비용을 더 작게 하는 연속형 설명 변수의 허용차를 구할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 새로운 알고리즘은 제품의 손실비용을 고려하는 공정에서 이를 최소화하는 연속형 설명 변수의 허용차를 찾기 위해 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. Among the information technology and automation that have rapidly developed within the manufacturing fields recently, tens of thousands of quality variables are estimated and categorized in databases every day. The existing statistical methods, or variable selection and interpretation by experts, place limits on proper judgment. Accordingly, various data mining methods, including decision tree analysis, have been developed recently. Cart and C5.0 are representative algorithms for decision tree analysis, but these algorithms have limits in defining the tolerance of continuous explanatory variables. Also, target variables are restricted by the information that indicates only the quality of the products. So it is necessary to develop an algorithm that improves upon Cart and C5.0 and allows access to new quality information such as loss costs. In this study, a new algorithm was developed not only to find the major variables which minimize the target variable, loss costs, but also to overcome the limits of Cart and C5.0. The new algorithm is one that defines tolerance systematically by adopting 3 categories of the continuous explanatory variables. The characteristics of 'nominal-the-best', 'smaller-the-better' and 'larger-the-better' were presumed in the environment of programming R to compare the performances of the new algorithm and existing ones, and 10 simulation sets were generated with 1,000 data sets for each variable. The performance of the new algorithm was verified through a mean test of loss costs. As the results of the verification show, the new algorithm found that the tolerance of continuous explanatory variables lowers loss costs more than existing ones in all the set characteristics. Therefore, the new algorithm can be used to find the tolerance of continuous explanatory variables to minimize the loss in the process taking into account the loss costs of the products.

경계조건을 고려한 충전 절리면의 전단특성

김용준 영남대학교 2001 국내박사