국역 유산기(國譯 遊山記)를 통해 본 조선 지식인의 산림휴양문화

김우열,박봉주 전북대학교 부설 휴양및경관계획연구소 2019 휴양및경관연구 (J East Asian Landscape Studies) Vol.13 No.2

This study was conducted to explore forest recreation culture of intellectuals in traditional Korean society through analysis of Korean translation of Yusangi . Ninety -nine Yosangi in Korean translation of Yusangi were analyzed according to 5W1H to explore main subjects, time, location and purpose of forest recre - ation culture in Joseon . In addition , through contents analysis of Yusangi , forest recreation subjects’ activities were categorized based on five human senses, and the findings were organized as emotional and rational changes. Joseon intellectuals were found to have recreational activities when they were young in 20s and 30s, or older in after late 50s. As for season , their recreational activities were found to focused on Spring and Autumn . They visited diverse locations including nationally famous mountains and local mountains in their areas. Main reasons of the forest recreation activities were first, their usual needs to appreciate and tour nature landscape; second, recommendation from acquaintances and/or appointment with them; third, their needs of physical and mental development, relaxation and comfort; and fourth, their needs to look around areas surrounding their new posts as officers, in the order. Most frequent activity of Joseon intellectuals reflected in Yusangi was appreciation of landscape as a part of visual activities. In conclusions, forest recreation culture was found to be considered as typical culture for study and physical and mental development in Joseon . Also, forest recreation activities of Joseon intellectuals was a fine culture that could be reflected to recreation programs nowadays. Finally, sources of traditional forest culture and elements for modern succession were discovered. 본 연구는 국역 유산기 분석을 통하여 전통사회의 지식인들의 산림휴양문화를 조명하였다. 국역 유산기에 실린 유산기 99편을 6하 원칙에 의거 분석하여 조선시대의 산림휴양문화의 주체, 시기, 장소, 동기 등을 밝혔으며, 유산기 내용분석을 통해 산림휴양 주체들의 행위를 인간의 오감 기준으로 분류하고, 그 결과를 감성적, 이성적 변화로 나누어 정리하였다. 조선시대 지식인들은 주로 20~30대의 젊은 시기와 나이든 50대 후반 이후 노년의 시기에 행한 유산활동이 많았으며, 계절적으로는 주로 봄과 가을에 산수자연에서 유산활동을 즐겼던 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조선 지식인들이 찾은 산수자연은 전국적으로 유명한 명산을 포함하여 자신이 거주하는 지역의 산 등이 골고루 분포하고 있었다. 그 이유로는 첫째, 평소의 산수 경관의 감상과 유람에 대한 욕구 둘째, 지인의 권유와 약속 셋째, 심신수양과 휴식과 위로를 얻기 위해 넷째, 관리로서의 부임지에서 근처 지역에 대한 산수유람에 대한 욕구 순으로 나타났다. 유산기를 통해서 본 조선 지식인들의 가장 많은 행동은 시각적 행동으로서 경관 감상이었다. 결론적으로 전통 사회인 조선시대에는 산림휴양문화, 즉 산수자연에 대한 유람이 학문의 연마와 심신수양의 보편적인 문화로 받아들여졌으며 조선시대 지식인들의 산림휴양 활동은 오늘날 휴양 프로그램에 반영할 수도 있는 고급 휴양문화 행위라는 것이다. 또, 산수자연에서 다양한 경험을 체득하여 감성적 이성적 깨달음으로 승화하는 지식인의 모습을 통해 오늘날 우리의 전통적 산림휴양문화의 원류와 현대적 계승의 요소를 발견할 수 있었다.

Design of STEAM Education Process applying 3D Printer for Computational Thinking

김우열 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2018 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.10 No.1

Many practitioners in educational field, recently, are seeking to improve Computational Thinking through SW education. The purpose of this paper was, for promotion of SW education, to design the STEAM education process utilizing 3D printer. The project-based education process emphasized the cooperation in the process of producing common results and proposed a new STEAM education process. The designed products are expected to be used in the elementary school classes by linking with the camp and teacher training programs and the curriculum.

A Study on Analysis of Curriculum for Maker Education using 3D Printer at Elementary School Classroom

김우열 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2017 Journal of Advanced Smart Convergence Vol.6 No.4

The advent of the 4th industrial revolution made the importance of software education to be emphasized, and thus, the Maker Education is attracting attention. This paper analyzes the curriculum to find contents suitable for Maker Education and proposes a workbook design using the results. The curriculum analysis data and workbook examples are expected to contribute to design elementary school curriculum for Maker Education using 3D printer. The workbook-based creative Making activities are, in addition, also expected to improve the computational thinking ability and to provide the insufficient instruction hours of SW education with an expandability.

물떼새과 3종 (Charadrius alexandrinus, C. placidus, C. dubius)의 둥지유형비교

김우열,김인철,최근희,성하철 한국환경생태학회 2012 한국환경생태학회 학술대회지 Vol.2012 No.2

Tin-Porphyrin에 의한 가시광 촉매반응 연구

김우열,박지희,김희준,최원용 대한환경공학회 2006 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.12

비대칭분석 공정을 위한 중앙치와 범위 관리단의 설계

김우열,김동묵,정화식,최진섭 한국국방경영분석학회 1996 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The statistical control chart has been proven to be the effective tool most widely used in the manufacturing industry for monitoring and controlling the manufacturing processes. However, the Shewhart chart sometimes gives us false information when the distribution of quality characteristics is skewed. Therefore, it cannot serve as the universal quality control chart if there exist odd events in the manufacturing process. The objective of this study is thus to develop the new technique for constructing the limits of quality control chart based on a sample median and range when the distribution of the underlying population is skewed. This new control chart can effectively solve and manage the processes which have the non-normally distributed quality characteristics frequently occurring in the practical situation.

Effect of Target-Fixture Geometry on Shock-Wave Compacted Copper Powders

김우열,안동현,윤재익,박이주,김형섭 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.1

In shock compaction with a single gas gun system, a target fixture is used to safely recover a powder compact processedby shock-wave dynamic impact. However, no standard fixture geometry exists, and its effect on the processedcompact is not well studied. In this study, two types of fixture are used for the dynamic compaction ofhydrogen-reduced copper powders, and the mechanical properties and microstructures are investigated using theVickers microhardness test and electron backscatter diffraction, respectively. With the assistance of finite elementmethod simulations, we analyze several shock parameters that are experimentally hard to control. The results ofthe simulations indicate that the target geometry clearly affects the characteristics of incident and reflected shockwaves. The hardness distribution and the microstructure of the compacts also show their dependence on the geometry. With the results of the simulations and the experiment, it is concluded that the target geometry affects theshock wave propagation and wave interaction in the specimen.

A Practical Study on Data Analysis Framework for Teaching 3D Printing in Elementary School

김우열 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2016 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.8 No.1

The computational thinking refers to the ability to solve the complex and a variety of problems by utilizing a computer in core of the software education. It create a model through data collection and analysis and realize that the computer can understand to solve problems. Recently, the educational application of 3D printer appears in importance, which is one method to improve the computing thinking. In this paper, we propose the data analysis framework to stretch the computing thinking of learner that can incorporate 3D printing technology to the current elementary school curriculum and apply in a case study.

브레이징한 Ti/Cu 접합계면부의 미세조직 특성

김우열,정병호,이성렬 대한용접접합학회 1995 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.13 No.3

To know the bonding phenomena of Ti/Cu brazed joint, a characteristic of microstructures in bonding interlayer of vacuum brazed pure Ti to Cu has been studied in the temperature range from 1088 to 1133K for various bonding times using Ag-28wt%Cu filler metal. Also intermediate phases formed in bonded interlayer and behavior of layer growth have been investigated. The obtained results in this study are as follows: 1) Liquid insert metal width at the each brazing temperature was proportional to the square root of brazing time, and it was considered that the liquid insert metal width was controlled by the diffusion rate process of primary .alpha.-Cu formed at the Ti side. 2) Intermediate phases formed near the Ti interface were .betha.-Ti and intermetallic compounds TiCu, Ti$_{2}$Cu, Ti$_{3}$Cu, and TiCu. 3) .betha.-Ti formed in Ti base metal durig brazing transformed to lamellar structure, .alpha.-Ti + Ti$_{2}$Cu. The structure came from the eutectoil decomposition reaction in cooling. And the width of .betha.-Ti layer was proportional to the square root of brazing time, and it was considered that the growth of .betha.-Ti layer was controlled by interdiffusion rate process in .betha.-Ti. 4) The layer growth of TiCu, Ti$_{3}$Cu$_{4}$ and TiCu, phases formed near the Ti interface was linerface was linearly proportional to the brazing time, and it was considered that the layer growth of these phases was controlled by the chemical reaction rate at the interface.

완도군 일대 특정도서에서 천연기념물 제330호 수달 Lutra lutra 배설지점의 특성 - 7개 도서(대칠기도, 중칠기도, 소칠기도, 소사도, 소다랑도, 대병풍도, 대마도)에 대하여 -

김우열,빙기창,이지용,정성은,이창훈 한국도서(섬)학회 2019 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the preservation and protection of otter habitats in a specific area through the survey of otter feces from July 28 to September 9, 2018, and to provide basic data for this study. As a result, the point where the otter excrement was identified was the location of the otter excrement according to the elevation of seven specific islands (Daechilgido, Jungchilgido, Sochilgido, Sosado, Sodalangdo, Daebyeongpungdo, Daemado).As a result, the 14 points were located within 6/10 maximum height of the island from the bottom of the island. The 11 points were located below 2/10 points, the nine sites were located at 2/10 to 1/10 points. The slopes of 14 feces sites were distributed from 11.4° to 44.5° and the average was 24.6°. Regardless of the quality of the rocks, the state of this otter feces is the most recent type of droppings with a deep black color, when the otter excretes, it is discharged as a hormone jelly scat, suggesting that activities as a force and boundary with nearby habitats are very active. As can be seen in this study, otter feces sites can be identified not in the forest where the vegetation is located, but on the boundary line and near the water. Therefore, even if humans are only approaching the coast of a few specific islands, as is evidenced by the surrounding area, there is a high probability of avoiding behavior due to the nature of the otter being strongly vigilant. Therefore, care should be taken not only for the size of a specific islands but also for access to it. Trail investigations of the otter feces islands is usually proposed two days prior to a visit and also depends on having no rain. The most recent activity area can be identified through recent excrement confirmation, and the nature of the specific islands is that the rock is not soaked in water to ensure the minimum safety of the investigator. In addition, the site selected as stool sample site with a slope angle of less than 30° at about 80% (11 out of 14 sites) is considered to be the best method to secure safety and the best results in a survey. 본 연구는 2018년 영간강유역환경청 ‘특정도서 정밀조사’의 과제로 2018년 7월 28일부터 9월 9일까지 수행된 수달 배설물 흔적 조사를 통해 특정도서 일대의 수달서식에 대한 보존 및 보호를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 그 결과 수달배설물은 7개 특정도서(대칠기도, 중칠기도, 소칠기도, 소사도, 소다랑도, 대병풍도, 대마도)에서 14개 지점이 확인되었다. 수달배설물의 지점별 위치를 해발고도에 따라 10등분한 결과 14개의 지점 모두 섬의 아래부터 기준으로 봤을 때 최고높이 6/10 내에 위치하고 있었다. 그 중 11개의 지점이 2/10 지점에서 확인되어 섬의 아래쪽에 위치하고 있었고, 9개 지점은 2/10 ~1/10 지점에 위치하고 있었다. 14개 배설지점의 경사도는 11.4°∼ 44.5°에서 분포하였고 평균은 24.6°로 나타났다. 암석의 종류와 형태에 관계없이 금번 수달배설물의 상태는 검은색을 띈 최근 배설물이 대부분인 것으로 보아 현재 완도군 일대의 특정도서지역에서 대부분 최근배설물이 확인되고, 수달이 배설할 때 호르몬(Jelly scat) 상태로 배출 하는 등 주변의 서식 개체들과 세력 및 경계로서의 활동도 매우 활발한 것을 시사한다. 본 연구에서 알 수 있듯이 수달의 배설장소는 식생이 있는 산림 내부가 아니라 경계선 및 물과 가까운 암반에서 확인 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 인간이 특정도서의 연안에 접근만 하더라도 경계심이 강한 수달의 특성상 회피행동을 할 확률이 크다. 그러므로 특정도서의 입도 뿐 만 아니라 접근에 있어서도 신중한 제약이 필요할 것이라 판단된다. 또한, 도서지역의 수달 배설물을 통한 흔적조사는 최소 비가 2일 이전에는 오지 않은 날을 설정하는 것을 제안한다. 최근배설물 확인을 통해 가장 최근 활동 지역을 파악할 수 있고, 도서지역의 특성상 암반이 물에 젖지 않아야 조사자의 최소한 안전이 확보되기 때문이다. 또한, 약 80%(14지점 중 11지점)에서 경사각 30°미만인 지점을 배설장소로 선택한 것으로 급경사를 피해서 조사하는 것도 수달 배설물 흔적조사에서는 안전과 조사 수행시간 대비 최대한의 결과를 확보하는 방법으로 생각된다.