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楊凡逸(Young Fan-I) 역사문화학회 2010 지방사와 지방문화 Vol.13 No.2
Tang Shaoyi undertook strenuous mission as a plenipotentiary to for negotiating the Tibetan issue with the India Government after signing of the Lhasa Convention between Qing official Youtai and Col. Francis Younghusband on 1904. Tang firmly requested the India Government to fully acknowledge China's sovereignty, not suzerainty, in Tibet while the India Government requested Tang to accept the 1904 Convention. Tang went back to Peking after the negotiation came to a deadlock. The situation came to a light after the recalling of India Governor due to cabinet reshuffle in London. The negotiation between Tang Shaoyi and Sir Ernest Satow, the British Minister, reopened at Peking on 1906. The British promised not to occupy Tibet, not to interfere local politics, and indirectly acknowledged the China's sovereignty in Tibet. Tang's work helped Qing government to strengthening its position in Tibet and provided his successor Zhang Yintang a finn basis for enforcing Tibetan policy.
楊凡逸(Young, Fan?I),鄭?元(Jung, Chang Won) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2015 중국과 중국학 Vol.- No.24
박근혜 대통령은 취임 후 과거의 대통령들처럼 먼저 일본을 방문한 후 중국을 방문하는 관례와는 반대의 행보를 보였다. 이는 박근혜 대통령이 얼마나 대중국 외교를 중시하는 지를 보여주는 것이다. 이에 가장 큰 성과는 과거 대통령들이 보여줬던 긴장관계를 완화시키며 한?중 양국의 우호관계를 더욱 증진시킨 것이다. 한ㆍ중은 2012년 5월 자유무역협정 협상을 개시했다. 박근혜 대통령과 시진핑 주석이 베이징 인민대회당에서 발표한 공동성명에서 양국은 자유무역협정을 추진하기로 합의했다. 경제 협력을 강화한다는 측면에서 양국이 FTA체결을 얼마나 희망하는지 잘 보여주었으며, 양측 대표도 협상에 진척을 보이려 노력했다. 그리고 그 결과로 2014년 11월 협상의 체결을 선언하였다. 이와 같은 사실에 대해 가장 큰 영향을 받게 될 가능성이 있는 타이완은 〈환태평양 경제 동반자 협정〉(TPP)과 〈역내 포괄적 경제 동반자 협정〉(RCEP)등의 지역 무역기구에 가입하려고 노력하고 있다. TPP 12개 국가와 타이완의 무역액은 연 2000억 달러에 달하며 타이완 대외무역의 35%정도를 차지한다. RCEP 16개 국가와의 무역액은 연 3250억 달러로 대외 무역의 57%를 차지하고 있다. 이 두 기구에서 7개국은 중복되기 때문에 합산해 계산한다면 타이완 대외 무역액의 70% 정도를 차지하며 그 중요성은 두말할 필요도 없다. 특히 중국 국무원 타이완 사무판공실 장즈쥔(張志軍) 주임이 타이완 방문 시 호의적인 태도를 취하면서 타이완이 이러한 무역협정에 가입할 수 있는 기회가 날로 높아지고 있다. 본고는 대만학술계의 기본적 시각에 기초하여 최근 한ㆍ중 양국의 정치, 경제 및 군사 등 여러 분야의 협력으로 변화하고 있는 동북아 정세에서 타이완의 대응전략은 과연 무엇인가에 대한 내용을 고찰한 것이다.
수열합성법으로 제조된 PZT 분말의 특성에 미치는 광화제 농도와 출발물질의 영향
양범석,윤기석,박영철,원창환,Yang, Beom-Seok,Yun, Ki-Seok,Park, Young-Chul,Won, Chang-Whan 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.11
The effect of reaction parameters in the characteristic of $Pb(Zr_{0.52} Ti_{0.48})O_3$ powders by hydrothermal process was investigated in this study. In the preparation of PZT, the types of starting material and concentration of mineralizer on phase fraction and morphology was investigated respectively. Regardless the types of Pb precursor, PZT was able to synthesize ranging from 7 to 20 on KOH concentration and from 13.01 to 13.55 on pH of solution. The particle size of the PZT powders can be controlled by the mineralizer concentration and various types of precursor.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as Akt1 Kinase Inhibitors
Se Young Kim,김동진,양범석,유경호 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.7
Based on the hit compound 4 derived from focused library, a series of furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines were designed, synthesized and evaluated for the inhibitory activity against Akt1 kinase. And their structure-activity relationships were investigated. Of these compounds, 3a having 2-thienyl and methyl groups at R1 and R2 showed the most potent activity with an IC50 value of 24 m M. Introduction of the thienyl groups at C-5 and C-6 positions significantly improved potency compared to furyl and phenyl groups.
용융염계에서 자전연소합성법에 의한 α-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>분말의 제조 - 2. 반응물의 증가
윤기석,양범석,박영철,원창환,Yun Ki Seok,Yang Beom Seok,Park Young Cheol,Won Cang Whan 한국세라믹학회 2004 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.41 No.9
The variation of the reaction pressure and reaction product during the reaction was investigated according to the total mass of the reaction mixture at the optimum composition for the preparation of u-Si3N4 powder which had been confirmed in the former investigation; 'Preparation of $\alpha$-Si$_3$N$_4$ powder in reaction system containing molten salt by SHS - part 1. synthesizing of powder'. When the total mass of the reaction mixture was 100g, the minimum pressure for a complete reaction was 60atm in 5L reactor, whereas the reaction was incomplete in the case that the mass exceeded 200g because of pressure increase. Also, as the mass of the reaction mixture increased, the reactivity linearly decreased. Hence, the complete reaction was realized by decreasing an initial $N_2$ pressure, and thus obtained minimum initial pressure was recorded 20 atm for the initial mixture of 500g. The reason of the incomplete reaction with pressure Increase was found to be that NH$_4$Cl vapour which was suppressed by the gas pressure acted as a diluent. 앞선 논문 분말의 제조에서 정립한 $\alpha$-Si$_3$N$_4$ 분말의 제조를 위한 최적의 조성에서 반응 혼합물의 양에 따른 압력 및 생성물의 변화를 관찰하였다. 5L 반응기 내에서 반응 혼합물의 양이 100g일 때 필요한 최저 $N_2$ 압력은 60atm이었다. 그러나 반응 혼합물의 양이 200g 이상일 때부터 반응기 내부의 압력 증가로 인해 반응은 완료될 수 없었으며, 혼합물이 증가할수록 반응율은 직선적으로 감소하였다. 반응물의 양이 증가할수록 최초 반응기 내부의 $N_2$압력을 감소시킴으로써 반응을 완료시킬 수 있었으며, 500g일 때 초기 $N_2$ 압력을 약 20atm까지 감소시킴으로써 반응은 완료될 수 있었다. 반응이 중간에 멈추는 원인은 반응기 내부의 압력 증가로 인해 기화되지 못한 채 혼합물 안에 존재한 NH$_4$Cl때문인 것으로 밝혀졌다.
습식 화학적 환원법에 의한 AgNO<sub>3</sub>로부터 Ag 분말의 제조 1. 균일한 구형 Ag 분말의 제조를 위한 최적 반응계 확립
윤기석,박영철,양범석,민현홍,원창환,Yuna, Ki-Seok,Park, Young-Chul,Yang, Beom-Seok,MIn, Hyun-Hong,Won, Chang-Whan 한국분말야금학회 2005 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.12 No.1
Ag powder was prepared from $AgNO_3$ by wet chemical reduction method using various reduction agent system involving $AgNO_3$, $AgNO_2$(AgCl) and Ag complex ion aqueous solution. The pure Ag powder could be prepared regardless of reaction system but the particle shape and distribution were affected very much according to the kind of reduction agents and reaction systems. The optimum reaction system for the preparation of the silver powder having the uniform particle shape and size distribution was Ag complex ion aqueous solution-reduction agent system and in particular, $H_2O_2$ and $C_6H_8O_6$as a reduction agent leaded the more uniform particle shape and size distribution.
기능성 실리카겔과 첨착 활성탄에 의한 주류연 중 시안화수소와 알데히드의 선택적 흡착
임희진,신창호,양범호,홍진영,고동균,이영택,Lim Heejin,Shin Chang-Ho,Yang Burm-Ho,Hong Jin-Young,Ko Dongkyun,Lee Young-Tack 한국연초학회 2005 한국연초학회지 Vol.27 No.2
Coconut based activated carbon and silica-gels were impregnated with 3-aminopropyltri ethoxysilan(APS) and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (AEAPS) in order to investigate the effect of the amine group and the pore size of the supports on the removal of hydrogen cyanide(HCN) and aldehydes in mainstream smoke(MS). The physicochemical properties of the supports were analyzed by using thermal gravity analyzer(TGA), $N_2$ adsorption and desorption isotherms$(BET,\;N_2)$, and SEM-EDS. According to our experimental data, there was no significant difference in the delivery amount of HCN and aldehydes of non-functionalized silica-gels having meso-pores bigger than $20\AA$. In the case of silica-gels functionalized with APS(APS silica-gel), the delivery amounts of hydrogen cyanide(HCN) and aldehydes decreased with the increase of APS concentration. Silica-gel functionalized with AEAPS(AEAPS silica-gel) showed higher removal efficiency than that of APS silica-gels. The delivery amounts of HCN and aldehydes of activated carbon impregnated with APS and AEAPS increased with the increase of the APS and AEAPS concentrations. In accordance with the specific surface area analysis results, APS and AEAPS molecules decreased the specific surface area by blocking the micro-pores of the activated carbon. The volatile organic components removal efficiency by the micro-pores was higher than that of the amine group impregnated into the activated carbon.
합곡의 구진약침이 흰쥐의 염증성 대장염에 미치는 치료 효과
송재수 ( Jae Soo Song ),양범식 ( Beum Sik Yang ),김선영 ( Sun Young Kim ),홍정아 ( Jeong A Hong ),송정방 ( Jeong Bang Song ),김경식 ( Kyung Sik Kim ),김재효 ( Jae Hyo Kim ),권오상 ( Oh Sang Kwon ),손인철 ( In Chul Sohn ) 대한경락경혈학회 2007 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.24 No.2
Objectives: Ulcerative colitis or Crohn`s disease has been recognized as Ha-ri (下痢) or Jang-Byok (腸벽) in Korean oriental medicine. A purpose of the present study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of moxi-tar herbal acupuncture at LI4 (HapGok) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis in rats and further elucidate the possibility of herbal acupuncture on ulcerative colitis which is chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 170~190 g, were subjected to intrarectal injection of either saline (300 ㎕, 500 ㎕) for a control or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) (300 ㎕, 500 ㎕) for a colitis. Moxi-tar herbal acupuncture at bilateral LI4 was used as the treatment. A volume 0.4 ㎖of moxi-tar (20 ㎎/㎖) were subcutaneously injected to the LI4 just after the secondary injection time of TNBS in rats. To study the effects of Moxi-tar acupuncture in LI4, body weight, RBC count, WBC count, total protein, Paw edema rate, rate of protein leakage into CMC-pouch fluid, IgG levels and IgM levels were observed. Results: Moxi-tar acupuncture in LI4 on TNBS-induced colitis inhibited the body weight lose rate but not effect RBC, WBC count. In addition, it inhibited the reduction of total protein concentration, paw edema, rate of protein leakage into CMC-pouch fluid, IgG levels and IgM levels. Conclusions: It is suggested that moxi-tar herbal acupuncture at LI4 helps to recover TNBS-induced colitis and plays an important role for an treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).