Zr계 Vitreloy 박막의 특성에 대한 조사

이경민,이병준,김병훈,이의완,박동수 慶北大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1999 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.23 No.-

We have grown Zr based vitreloy alloy thin films by thermal deposition methode and ion beam sputtering method and compared them with Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass bulk. Thermal analysis caused Zr-Ti-Cu-Ni-Be bulk metallic glass to recrystallize in the two region. The onset point temperature of the first region was 414.12℃ and the peak temperature was 410.02℃. The onset point temperature of the second region was 445.21℃ and the peak point temperature was 454.45℃. The X-ray diffraction measurement and thermal analysis as a function of temperature showed that the bulk metallic glass thin films recrystallize in the same temperature region. As a result, Zr based vitreloy alloy was the same as phase transition of bulk metallic glass bulk and bulk metallic glass thin film.

지방자치단체의 재정위기와 대응전략

우동기,이정훈 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1999 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.25 No.-

Local government experience reduction of Local Tax, increase of public needs, business recession under IMF situation and reduction of dependence revenue(revenue sharing, grants-in-aid, local shared tax). The purpose of this study deals with the finance crisis of local government. So, We had focused on the finance situation of local government. First, this study is to view theoretical examination which conception, type, happening cause of the finance crisis. Second, this study is research to the general situation and analysis on the finance of local government. and the result of analysis on the finance crisis of local government showed the embarrassed finance of business upturn in Korean. Third, this suggest that local-authority of finance, efficiency on employ useable of finance, system of finance examine, credit evaluation system for countermeasure of the finance crisis.

대기압 플라즈마에 의한 냉간압연 스테인리스 Micro-Cleaning판재의 에 관한 연구

오상훈,이성기,윤재홍,조동율,박봉규,이성규 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

Atmospheric Plasma Cleaning (APC) was studied for the residual rolling oil contaminants on the surface of cold rolled Stainless Steel after optimizing APC conditions. Electrodes were placed at a distance of 10mm, with an RF power of 220W, and line velocity of 0.5m/min. The residue left by APC was 0.78mg/m², which was less than that of the approximate 1mg/m² by other classical cleaning methods. Especially, APC combined with pre-cleaning by 550℃Nitrogen gas gave a residue of only 0.01mg/m². Cleaning effect are also improved when oxygen gas is added to the atmospheric plasma. It was confirmed by the investigation of the official Korea Chemical Analysis Center that the APC-hot nitrogen method is superior to other methods. The residual contaminants for different methods were as follow : the classical method : about 1mg/m², APC : 0.78mg/m², and APC-hot nitrogen : 0.10mg/m².

혼합액정(80CB+50CB)의 네마틱-스멕틱 A 상전이 근처의 네마틱상에서 휨 탄성상수(K₃)에 관한 광산란 실험연구

임동건,이민규,변영태,유영훈,김두철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1990 基礎科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

액정 8OCB(octyloxycyanobiphenyl)에 액정 5OCB(pentyloxycyanobiphenyl)를 무게비로 혼합하여 혼합액정 (8OCB+5OCB)을 만들었다. 이 혼합액정은 5OCB의 무게비에 따라 McMillan지수 (??)가 감소하였다. 그리고 Rayleigh 광산란 실험방법을 이용하여, 순수 8OCB와 혼합액정의 네마틱-스멕틱 A 상전이 근처의 네마틱상에서 산란된 빛의 세기를 온도와 함수로 측정하였다. 실험데이타 분석결과는 휨(bend) 탄성 상수에 비례하는 세로방향 상관거리(??)는 McMillan 지수에 관계없이 임계지수 ??=0.66±0.03을 갖고 발산하였다. 이 값은 de Gennes의 모델에서 제시된 ??=0.67과 일치함을 알수있다. By utilizing Rayleigh scattering technique, we have measured the temperature dependence of scattered light intensity near nematic to smectic-A phase transition point in the pure 8OCB(octyloxycyanobiphenyl) and its mixtures contaning 5, 10, 15 weight percentage of 5OCB(pentyloxycyanobiphenyl). From analysis of these data. it is found that the longitudinal correlation length (??) diverges with critical exponent ??=0.66±0.03 independent on McMillan parameter (??). This result is consistent with de Gennes model (??).

정신분열병 또는 정신분열형장애를 가진 입원환자에서 Risperidone과 Olanzapine의 효과의 비교 : 6주간의 개방적 전향적 연구 6 Weeks, Open-Labelled, Prospective Study

김찬우,이동건,강승훈,조지현,이수진,조동환,김정기 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

Objectives : Risperidone and olanzapine, which are atypical antipsychotics. are widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia as the 1st line drug, proving their effectiveness for both positive and negative symptoms. They also have many advantages even from the side effects. However, they show differences with the chemical structure and pharmacokinetics and they work differently to receptors. Researchers have studied the effect and side effect during the acute phase of schizophrenia as an open prospective study. Methods : Forty subjects with DSM-IV schizophrenia or schizoaffective patients including 1) 1st onset schizophrenia patient, 2) patient who has been treated by the prior antipsychotics and not improved or even worse to be admitted again, were assigned to receive risperidone or olanzapine for 6 weeks. Psychopathology, adverse effect. weight change, fasting serum glucose, and drug cost were compared within and across groups. Results : After 6 weeks later both treatment groups showed the significant decrease in PANSS positive, general psychopathology and total score while they did not show any significant difference between two groups. Risperidone group, however. showed the significant decrease in PANS negative score, which olanzapine group did not. In terms of adverse effect risperidone group showed more extrapyramidal symptom than olanzapine group. Body weight rised significantly after Gweeks, but no significant difference between two treatment groups. There were no significant indrease of fasting serum glucose level. Conclusions : Risperidone and olanzapine are effective drugs which can be used during the acute phase of schizophrenia. Risperidone is expected to shorten the admission day and remission of the symptom of acute phase, mile olarizapine is more advantage in a neurologic side effect than rispendone.

유기농업에서의 작물의 양분관리

안난희, 신재훈, 옥정훈, 이상민, 김석철, 사동민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2016 農業科學硏究 Vol.32 No.2

Soil fertility is fundamental in determining the productivity of all farming systems and is most�ﾠ�ﾠ commonly defined in terms of the ability of the soil to supply nutrients to crops. Organic farming systems rely on the management of soil organic matter to enhance the chemical, biological and physical properties of the soil, in order to optimize crop production. Organic agriculture excludes the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers, instead requiring a balance between supply and demand nutrients through the use of organic matter. Nutrient management is one of the main challenges facing organic farming. The short term challenge is supplying sufficient nutrients to crops at the correct point in their development to achieve economically viable yield, while in the long term, the difficulty is to balance nutrient inputs and runoffs to avoid nutrient rundown or environmental pollution. This paper reviews information from the literature to investigate strategies of managing nutrients by supplying organic matter in organic agriculture during the major phases of crop growth.

FURTHER RESULTS ON THE LONG - RUN DEMAND FOR MONEY IN KOREA : A COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS

LEE, TONG HUN,CHUNG, KEUN JON 한국국제경제학회 1995 International Economic Journal Vol.9 No.3

ON MEASURING THE TRUE COST OF LIVING FOR THE DEVELOPING COUNTRY : CASE OF KOREA

LEE, TONG HUN,CHUNG, KEUN JON 한국국제경제학회 1997 International Economic Journal Vol.11 No.1

Constructing the True Cost of Living Index wih Housing Durables : An Alternative to the Korean Consumer Price Index

LEE, TONG HUN,CHUNG, KEUN JON 한국금융학회 2000 金融學會誌 Vol.5 No.2

生活水準을 측정함에 있어 住宅의 소유가 중요함에도 불구하고, 한국에서 自家住宅의 使用者費用은 생략되었거나 혹은 잘못 측정됨으로써 政府의 消費者物價指數(CPI)는 왜곡되어 왔다. 동일한 오류는 賃貸住宅의 75%를 점유하는 傳貰에도 존재하여 왔다. 또한 CPI는 Laspeyres式에 따라 固定된 加重値를 사용하므로써 消費品目間의 代替行爲를 감안하지 못하는 큰 결함을 갖고 있다. 이러한 결함들을 제거하기 위하여 本稿는 '期間間 消費分配 模型(intertemporal consumption allocation model)'에 기초하여 自家 및 傳貰住宅의 使用者費用을 유도하고 동시에 소위 實質生活物價指數(TCLI)를 개발하였다. 이 방법의 독특한 특징으로서, 本稿의 使用者費用의 개념은 Jorgenson에 의한 生産財의 使用者費用 개념과 유사하지만, TCLI와 동시에 유도되고 있으므로 指數理論과 이론적으로 일치한다는 점이다. 이렇게 유도된 TCLI는 Diewert-superlative 指數로 알려진 소위 Fisher 理想指數 형태로 나타나며 品目間의 代替性을 감안할 뿐만 아니라 Laspeyres 指數는 물론 Divisia 指數에 비하여 우월하다. 더욱이 TCLI는 통상적인 CPI 品目들은 물론 住宅耐久財의 價格과 市場金利까지도 포함하고 있으므로 인플레이션에 미치는 통화정책의 효과를 민감하게 반영할 것이다. 이러한 방법을 1995:1/4-98:4/4의 분기별 자료를 이용하여 韓國에 적용한 결과, TCLI는 政府의 CPI와 매우 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 마지막 두 分期의 조그마한 변화를 제외하고 CPI는 꾸준한 인플레이션의 추세를 나타내고 있으나, TCLI는 한가지 중요한 예외 사항, 즉 1997:4/4-98:2/4분기 동안의 外煥危機 발생과 뒤이은 IMF 개혁정책에 기인한 生活費用의 급상승을 제외하고는 비교적 안정적인 物價 추세를 보이고 있다. 더욱이 TCLI에 비교하여, CPI는 소비자에 의한 消費財의 代替性을 무시한 固定된 加重値를 사용함으로 인하여 상당한 '上向偏倚(upward bias)' 현상을 나타냈다. 끝으로 現時點의 商品 消費量에 대한 정보가 요구되는 피셔 理想指數 형태의 TCLI를 이용하는데 따른 어려움을 극복하기 위하여, 필자들은 지연된 소비지출의 가중치를 통한 CES(Constant Elasticity of Substitution) 物價指數의 방법으로 TCLI의 근사치 구하는 방법을 제안한다. 따라서 本稿는 필자들의 기존 연구와 더불어 다시 提案하는 바, 한국의 統計廳은 住宅의 使用者費用을 포함하는 TCLI를 작성해야 하고, 그에 필요한 資料를 수집해야 하며, TCLI의 近似値 측정을 위한 硏究를 더욱 수행해야 한다. Despite the importance of home ownership in measuring the standard of living, the user cost of owner-occupied housing has been either omitted or incorrectly measured in Korea, yielding an arbitrary result on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). A similar difficulty also exists on the so-called "chonsei" housing, representing three quarters of rental housing in Korea, which is a special rental contract with a lump sum deposit to be repaid on leaving the rental housing. Moreover the CPI is based on Laspeyres formula with fixed weights and as a result it does not include the effect of substitution among consumption goods. To resolve these difficulties, this paper develops a method of deriving the respective user costs on the basis of intertemporal consumption allocation model which in turn provides the so-called True Cost of Living Index (TCLI). The distinctive feature of this method is that while our user cost concept is similar to that of physical capital by Jorgenson, it is derived jointly with the TCLI and hence theoretically consistent with the index number theory. The TCLI thus derived is in the form of Fisher Ideal index number allowing commodity substitution, which is Diewert-superlative and superior to the Laspeyres or even the Divisia index. Moreover, the TCLI would effectively reflect the impact of monetary policy on inflation as it consists of the prices of housing durables as well as conventional CPI components and even the market interest rate. When our method is applied to Korea by using the 1995:I-98:IV quarterly data, the resulting TCLI exhibits substantial differences from the official CPI. While the CPI indicates a steady inflationary trend with minor exceptions in the last two quarters, the TCLI shows the trend of relatively stable prices with one major exception of an upheaval in the cost of living in the wake of foreign exchange crisis and the IMF reforms during 1997:IV-98:II period. Moreover, compared to the TCLI, the CPI imparts a considerable upward bias due to the use of fixed weights, ignoring the consumer's commodity substitution. Finally, for overcoming the difficulty of using the TCLI in the form of Fisher Ideal Index, which requires information on quantities currently being consumed, we suggest a method of approximating the TCLI by a CES(Constant Elasticity of Substitution) index with lagged consumer expenditure weights. Therefore, this paper along with our previous studies again suggests that the National Statistical Bureau of Korea should compile the TCLI including the user cost of housing, collect the required data and conduct further research to approximate the TCLI.

Money , Interest Rate and Foreign Exchange Rate as Indicator Variables of Monetary Policy

(Tong Hun Lee),(Ho Young Hwang) 한국국제경제학회 2001 International Economic Journal Vol.15 No.2