RTCVD 법으로 성장한 Si1-xGex 에피막의 특성

김광일,배영호,강봉구,정욱진,군영규,손병기 한국센서학회 1996 센서학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The growth and characterization of heteroepitaxial Si_(l-x)Ge_x films grown by the RTCVD (Rapid Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition) method were described. For the growth of Si_(l-x)Ge_x heteroepitaxial layers, SiH₄/ GeH₄ / H₂ gas mixtures were used. The growth conditions were varied to investigate their effects on the Si / Ge composition ratios, the interface abruptness and crystalline properties. The experimental data shows that the misfit threading dislocation in Si_(l-x)Ge_x / Si heteroepitaxial film of about 400 A thickness was not observed at the growth temperature of as low as 650℃, and the composition ratios of Si / Ge changed linearly with SiH₄ / GeH₄ gas mixing ratios in our experimental ranges. In the in-situ boron doping experiments, the doping abruptness would be controlled within several hundreds Å/decade.

SOL-GEL법을 이용한 Ta₂O_(5) 감지 게이트 pH-ISFET의 제조와 그 동작특성

장기석,이정철,조병욱,권대혁,김창수,손병기 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

Low drift pH-ISFET is presented in this paper. Ta_(2)O_(5), known as a good pH sensing membrane, was formed by sol-gel method on Si_(3)N_(4)/SiO_(2) gate of pH-ISFET. It has been reported that the drift of the pH-ISFET is caused by the surface deterioration or hydration of sensing membrane. Hydration is resulted from diffusion of ions into the sensing membrane. It is reported that Ta205 film does not show surface deterioration but hydration while Si_(3)N_(4) film is not hydrated but its surface is deteriorated. Therefore, ultra thin(about 100Å) Ta_(2)O_(5) sensing membrane was formed by sol-gel method on the Si3N4to shorten the hydration time. The fabricated Ta205 pH-ISFET showed good sensitivity(58~59 mV/pH) in a wide pH range(pH3~11) as well as very low drift (0.06 pH/day)

MANNOPROTEIN 과 GLUCAN 의 첨가가 쥐의 성장과 NATURAL KILLER CELL ACTIVITY 에 미치는 영향

손광수,조광근,최윤재,윤연화,김재영,한영근,문태현,김성찬 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 효모 세포벽, 또는 효모의 세포벽으로부터 본 연구에서 확립한 방법으로 분리한 mannoprotein(MP)과 glucan(Glu)을 동물에 급여하므로써 동물의 일당중체량, 일당사료섭취량과 사료:중체량의 비율, 그리고 동물이 가지고 있는 면역기능의 활성화정도를 조사하는데 있다. 산업적 측면에서 대량 추출하기 위하여 기존에 있는 방법을 개선하여 변형된 방법으로 효모세포벽제제를 분리하였다. 본 연구에서 분리된 효모세포벽제제(cell wall, mannoprotein glucan)와 시판중인 효모세포벽제제(Bio-Mos^(TM))를 0.1%로 4주령 횐쥐에 4주간 급여하였다. 일당중체량은 개선된 방법으로 분리한 glucan을 급여한 처리구에서 가장 높은 중체량을 나타냈으며, 다음으로 mannoprotein 급여구가 높았으며 cell wall과 시제품(Bio-Mos^(TM)) 급여구에서 낮은 중체량을 보였다. 일당사료섭취량에 있어서 glucan 급여구가 cell wall과 시제품 급여구들과 비교할 때 높았으며 사료:중체량 비율 또한 glucan 급여구에서 가장 좋은 경향을 보였다. 사양 4주깨 횐쥐로부터 spleen을 채취하여 YACl 세포에 대한 natural killer cell의 cytotoxicity를 분석한 결과 본 실험실에서 분리한 mannoprotein과 glucan이 면역 증진효과가 큰것으로 보였다. Mannoprotein 급여구와 glucan 급여구에서 대조구와 cell wall 급여구보다 면역 효과가 뚜렷하게 나타났으며(MP, P<0.01; Glu, P<0.05), mannoprotein 급여구가 glucan 급여구보다 natural killer cell의 활성도가 높았다(P<0.01). 결론적으로 효모세포벽, mannoprotein과 glucan을 횐쥐에 급여했을 때 성장능력에 있어서 유의성 있는 효과가 나타나지 않았지만 세포배양수준에서 spleen natural killer cell의 activity를 증가시키는 효과가 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the average daily gam, average daily feed intake, feed gain ratio and immune system activation of rats when feeding yeast cell wall, mannoprotein (MP) and glucan (Glu) which were isolated from yeast cell wall. In order to isolate the yeast cell wall products in large scale, we used the improved isolation method basing on the typical one. In this study, yeast cell wall products (cell wall, mannoprotein, glucan) and commercial product (Bio-Mos^(TM)) were fed to 4-week old rats by 0.l% during 4 weeks experimental period. Glucan(extracted from improved method) provided the highest average daily gain. Mannoprotein treated group showed the second highest average daily gain. Cell wall and Bia-Mos^(TM) fed groups showed lower average daily gain. Treatment fed glucan also showed higher average daily feed intake than that of cell wall and commercial Bio-Mos^(TM) groups. And in feed: gain ratio, glucan fed rats showed the respectively good results. At the 4th week of feeding trial, rats' spleens were obtained from all the treatments to evaluate the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell against YACl tumor cell. The results indicated that mannoprotein and glucan had the significant effects on activating immune system. Rats of mannoprotein and glucan treated groups showed the higher immune activity than that of cell wall and control groups (MP, P<0.01; Glu, P<0.05), and natural killer cell activity of mannoprotein fed rats was higher than that of glucan fed rats (P<0.01). In conclusion, although the addition of yeast cell wall, mannoprotein and glucan to the diet of rats did not provide the significant effects on growth performance, it was clear that the mannoprotein and glucan isolated in this study could stimulate the activity of spleen natural killer cell in the cell culture.

육성돈에서 Phytase 첨가가 Extrusion 한 쌀겨의 P 이용성에 미치는 영향

김영길,김인호,손중천,김은주,권기범,문태현 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 시험은 육성돈에 있어 extrusion된 쌀겨에 대한 P의 이용성과 extrusion된 쌀겨에 phytase를 첨가하므로서 P의 이용성에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 영양소 소화 시험을 실시하였다. Extrusion된 쌀겨와 extrusion된 쌀겨에 phytase을 첨가한 구간의 비교는 phytase의 첨가에 의해 건물 소화율이 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였다(P<0.04). N 소화율은 쌀겨구 보다는 extrusion된 쌀겨구에서 약간의 증가를 보였다(P<0.07). Ca(P<0.06)과 P(P<0.01)의 소화율은 모두 extrusion된 쌀겨에 phytase의 첨가수준이 다를 경우 500 unit보다는 1,000 mini에서 더 좋은 효과를 보였다. 분 중 P 배설량(2.72g/d vs 3.89g/d)은 extrusion된 쌀겨보다는 extrusion된 쌀겨에 phytase을 첨가하므로서 줄어들었다(P<0.08). 또한 phytase의 첨가수준이 증가할수록 P의 축적량이 증가함을 알 수 있었다(P<0.04). 한편 Ca 섭취량, 배설량 및 축적량은 모든 처리구 간에 통계적인 유의성을 찾아볼 수 없었다. 그러나 최종 Ca 축적량은 쌀겨에 비해 extrusion된 쌀겨의 경우 15%가 향상되었다(6.64g/d vs 5.77g/d). An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of microbial phytase and feed processing on production and phytate P utilization of pigs. Four crossbred barrows with average initial body weight of 30㎏ were used in 24-d metabolism experiment(4 x 4 latin square) to determine the effect of extruded rice bran and phytase supplementation on nutrient utilization. Digestibility of DM in pigs fed extruded rice bran with phytase improved compared to that in pigs fed extruded rice bran(P<0.04). N digestibility was greater for extruded rice bran than rice bran(P<0.07). However, there was no effect of phytase supplementation to extruded rice bran. Digeshbilities of Ca(P<0.06) and P(P<0.01) were greatest for extruded rice bran with phytase 1,000 unit. Fecal excretion of P(2.72g/d vs 3.89g/d) was less for extruded rice bran with phytase than without phytase(P<0.08). Also, when phytase supplementation was increased in diet, there was increased P retention(P<0.04). There were no treatment effects intake, excretion and retention of Ca. However, Ca retention improved by 15% in extruded rice bran compared to rice bran(6.44g/d vs 5.77g/d).

마이크로 공진 구조체 제작을 위한 다층 폴리실리콘의 스트레스 특성

손병기,장원익,최창억,이창승,홍윤식,이종현 한국센서학회 1999 센서학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Micro polysilicon actuators, which are widely used in the field of MEMS (Microelectromechanical System) technology, were fabricated using polysilicon thin layers. Polysilicon deposition were carried out to have symmetrical layer structures with a LPCVD (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition) system, and we have measured physical characteristics by micro test patterns, such as bridges and cantilevers to verify minimal mechanical stress and stress gradient in the polysilicon layers according to the methods of mutilayer deposition, doping, and thermal treatment, also, analyzed the properties of each specimen, which have a different process condition, by XRD, and SIMS etc.. Finally, the fabricated planar polysilicon resonator, symmetrically stacked to 6.5㎛ thickness, showed Q of 1270 and oscillation ampitude of 5㎛ under DC 15V, AC 0.05V, and 1000 mtorr pressure. The developed micro polysilicon resonator can be utilized to micro gyroscope and accelerometor sensor.

사료내 어분의 채종박에 의한 부분적 대체가 잉어의 성장 및 오염 부하량에 미치는 영향

손광수,김명곤,김정대 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.6

채종박으로 잉어사료내 어분 대체시, 잉어의 성장과 질소 및 인의 배설량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 개시체중 273g인 이스라엘 잉어(Israeli strain of common carp, Cyprinus carpio)을 사용하여 4주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 실형사료는 갈색어분 25%인 채종박 무첨가구 (RSM 0%), 채종박 5% 첨가구(RSM 5%), 채종박 10% 첨가구(RSM 10%)를 익스투르젼 가공을 시킨 후 3처리 3반복으로 (25마리/반복) 완전임의 배치하여 실시한 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 채종박 5% 사용구는 채종박 무첨가구에 비교시, 중체량, 사료효율, 일일 성장율, 일일 섭취율 및 단백질 이용효율에 있어서는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았으나(P>0.05) 채종박 10% 사용구는 채종박 무첨가구나 채종박 5% 사용구에 비해 성장과 사료이용 효율이 낮았다(P<0.05). 2. 어체내 수분, 단백질, 지방 함량 간에는 채종박 사용 수준에 관계없이 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 (P>0.05%), 조회분과 인의 함량은 채종박 10%사용구가 타처리구에 비해 낮았다 (P<0.05). 3. 질소 섭취량은 처리구간 차이가 없으나 채종박 10%구가 타처리구에 비해 질소 증가량은 낮았고 질소 축적 효율이 낮아 질소 유출량이 많았으나(P<0.05), 채종박 0%와 채종박 5% 사용구간에는 있어서는 질소 축적효율이나 질소 유출량에 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 4. 인 섭취량은 처리구간 차이가 없으나 채종박 0%구가 타처리구에 비해 인 증가량이 높았고 인 축적효율이 가장 높아 인 유출량이 낮았으나(P<0.05), 채종박 5%와 채종박 10% 사용구간에 있어서는 인 축적효율에 차이가 없었으나(P>0.05) 인 유출량은 채종박 10%구에서 가장 많았다(P<0.05). Dietary fish meal was partially replaced with rapeseed meal in order to study growth, feed utilization, and excretion of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of Israeli strain of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) weighing 273 g. Growth trial was conducted for 4 weeks using 3 experimental diets, RSM 0%(basal diet) containing 25% brown fish meal, RSM 5% (20% fish meal + 5% rapeseed meal), and RSM 10% (15% fish meal + 10% rapeseed meal). A total of 225 fish were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 3 replicates (25 fish/rep). Fish were fed 3 times a day to apparent satiety by hand at water temperature of 24℃ to 28℃. RSM 10% treatment showed less weight gain, feed conversion, daily growth rate, daily feed consumption, and protein efficiency ratio than RSM 0% or RSM 5% (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in those parameters between RSM 0% and RSM 5%. There were no differences in moisture, protein, and fat content of whole body composition among the treatments, but ash and phosphorus contents in the whole body fed RSM 10% were lower than other treatments (P<0.05). N excretion per ㎏ gain of fish fed the diet RSM 10% was significantly greater than other treatments (P<0.05). P retention of fish fed RSM 0% was higher than other treatments fed rapeseed meals and P excretion per kg gain of fish fed RSM 10% was greater than other treatments (P<0.05).

RTCVD 법으로 성장한 실리콘 에피막의 특성

김광일,손병기,정욱진,권영규,배영호,강봉구 한국센서학회 1996 센서학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Silicon epitaxial films of submicron level were successfully grown by the RTCVD method. For the growth of silicon epitaxial layers, SiH₂Cl₂/ H₂ gas mixtures and various process parameters including Hz prebake process were used. The growth conditions were varied to investigate their effects on the interface abruptness of doping profile, the film growth rates and crystalline properties. The crystallinity of the undoped silicon was excellent at the growth temperature of 900℃. The doping profiles were measured by SIMS technique. The abruptness of doping profile would be controlled within about 200A /decade in the structure of undoped Si / n^+ -Si substrate.

다른 광물질과 혼합된 크롬 피콜린산 급여가 비육돈의 성장 , 도체특성 , 혈액성상에 미치는 영향

김지훈,한인규,김진동,김대성,양종석,손현수,현영 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

본 시험은 여러 가지 광물질과 혼합된 크롬 피콜린 산을 첨가한 사료의 급여가 비육돈의 성장, 도체특성, 혈액성상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 개시체중이 69㎏인 총 513두의 비육돈을 돈방당 16∼21두씩 수용하여 사양시험을 수행하였으며, 9마리가 대사시험에 사용되었다. 처리구는 2개의 단백질 수준별 대조구 (Con 12, Cen 14)와 외산 크롬 피콜린산 (CrP-CaCO₃ ; Prince사 제품). 크롬 제오라이트 (CrP-Zeolite 12, 14), 국산 크롬 피콜린산 1 (CrP-CaCO₃; KIST 개발), 크롬 피콜린산-산화아연 (CrP-CaCO₃-ZnO 12, 14) 그리고 국산 크롬 피콜린산 2 (CrP-CaCO₃ ; M. H. Lee 개발)이었다. 성장성적에 있어서는 일당중체량, 일당사료섭취량, 사료효율 등 모든 조사항목에서 처리구간의 차이가 발견되지 않았으나, 등지방 두께는 크롬 피콜린산 첨가에 의해 감소하는 경향이 발견되었고, 이러한 경향은 출하체중이 무거울수륵 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 도체등급은 크롬 제오라이트구와 크롬 피콜린산-산화아연처리구에서 높게 나타났으며, 혈액내 콜레스테를의 함량도 크롬 제오라이트구와 크롬 피콜린산-산화아연처리구에서 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다 (p<0.05). 크롬 피콜린산-산화아연처리구와 크롬 피콜린산구에서 건물 및 단백질 소화율이 향상되었다 (p<0.05). This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of chromium picolinate in different combinations with minerals on growth, carcass characteristics, serum traits and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. Five-hundred and thirteen pigs (69.0 ㎏ of initial weight) were assigned to 9 treatments, each containing three replicates of sixteen to twenty-one pigs each. Additional nine pigs were used in a digestion trial. Treatments were two controls (12% CP and 14% CP), foreign CrP-CaCO₃, two CrP-Zeolite (12% CP and 14% CP), domestic CrP-CaCO₃ 1, CrP-CaCO₃-ZnO (12% CP and 14% CP) and domestic CrP-CaCO₃ 2. ADG was not significantly different among the treatments. Tenth rib backfat thickness tended to be decreased by feeding diet with CrP. Carcass grade was improved by using zeolite and CaCO₃ + ZnO along with CrP in diets. Serum cholesterol level was significantly reduced by feeding diets containing CrP with CaCO₃ + ZnO or Zeolite compared with the control. Supplementation of Cr with CrP-CaCO₃ + ZnO or CrP-CaCO₃ in diets significantly improved the digestibility of crude protein and dry matter (p<0.05). The excretion of nitrogen was lower in pigs fed diets containing Cr regardless of the combinations with minerals. The excretion of phosphorus was lowest in the CrP-CaCO₃ + ZnO group which showed the highest phosphorus digestibility.

크롬 피콜린산 또는 카르니틴이 첨가된 사료급여가 비육돈의 성장 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향

김지훈,한인규,김대성,배극환,양종석,손현수,현영 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

본 시험은 여러 가지 광물질과 혼합된 크롬 피콜린산이나 카르니틴을 첨가한 사료의 급여가 비육돈의 성장 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 평균체중 60.69±1.11 kg인 삼원교잡종 (Yorkshire×Landrace×Duroc) 비육돈 암수 180마리를 대조구, CFC{CrP + Fe₂O₃ + CaCO₃}, CFZC{CrP + Fe₂O₃ + ZnO + CaCO₃}, CZC-1 {CrP (1/300) + ZnO(9/300) + CaCO₃(290/300)}, CZC-2(CrP(1/300) + ZnO(14/300) + CaCO₃ (285/300)} 그리고 카르니틴구 등 6처리구에 성별로 배치하였다. 크롬 피콜린산이나 카르니틴에 의한 성장개선은 발견되지 않았다. 수퇘지에 있어서는 CFZC 처리구가 CZC-2 처리구보다 유의적으로 사료효율이 좋았다 (p<0.05). 도체특성에 있어서도 전체적으로 처리구간의 유의적인 차이는 발견되지 않았으나, 수퇘지에서는 CFZC 처리구가 대조구에 비해 등지방두께가 않았고 (p<0.05), 가장 좋은 도체등급은 CZC-2 처리구에서 나타났다. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding diets containing chromium picolinate (CrP) or carnitine on growth and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 180 cross bred pigs (Yorkshire x Landrace x Duroc; initial body weight of 60.7±1.1 kg) were assigned to 6 treatments : Control, CFC{CrP + Fe₂O₃ + CaCO₃}, CFZC{CrP + Fe₂O₃ + ZnO + CaCO₃}, CZC-1 {CrP (1/300) + ZnO(9/300) + CaCO₃(290/300)}, CZC-2(CrP(1/300) + ZnO(14/300) + CaCO₃ (285/300)} and camitine. No significant improvement was found in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed/gain ratio (F/G) by feeding diets containing chromium picolinate. The feed efficiency of male pigs fed with CFZC was better than pigs fed CZC-2 diet during the entire period (p<0.05). No differences were found in carcass characteristics between treatments expect that backfat thickness was reduced in male pigs fed the CFZC diet compared to the control (p<0.05). The best carcass grade was found in pigs fed CZC-2 the diet.

후판 표면 산화층 색상에 미치는 산화층의 표면 현상 및 상분율의 영향

박신화,유경종,이중주,홍순태,손병준 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.39 No.10

It was known that the color of Hematite(Fe₂O₃) is red, while Magnetite(Fe₃O₄) is dark blue. To clarify the origin of red color on the steel plate, the relationship between the volume fraction of oxide phases and the color of steel plate was investigated in this study. The volume fraction of Wu¨stite, Magnetite, and Hematite was quantitatively evaluated by a direct comparison X-ray method using crystal structure informations. Furthermore, the effect of volume fraction and the manufacturing process on the surface color of steel plate was investigated. It was found that FRT(final rolling temperature) played an important role on the plate color.