Retinal Thickness and Its Interocular Asymmetry Between Parkinson’s Disease and Drug-Induced Parkinsonism

Suh Wool,백성욱,Oh Jungsu S.,Seo Seung Yeon,김재승,한유미,Kim Min Seung,강석윤 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.11

Background: Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is common, but diagnosis is challenging. Although dopamine transporter imaging is useful, the cost and inconvenience are problematic, and an easily accessible screening technique is needed. We aimed to determine whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings could differentiate DIP from Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: We investigated 97 de novo PD patients and 27 DIP patients using OCT and [18F] N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2b-carbon ethoxy-3b-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT) positron emission tomography. We compared peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) and macular retinal thickness (mRT) between PD and DIP patients as well as interocular differences in the pRNFLT and the mRT. Asymmetric index (%) for retinal thickness (AIRT) was calculated to measure the interocular differences between pRNFLT and mRT. The correlation between AIRT and total striatal specific/non-specific binding ratio asymmetry index (SNBRAI) was investigated in PD and DIP patients. Results: No significant differences in pRNFLT and mRT values were observed between PD and DIP patients (all P values > 0.090). The mean SNBRAI was significantly higher in PD than in DIP (P = 0.008) patients; however, AIRT did not differ between PD and DIP patients in pRNFLT and mRT (all P values > 0.100). SNBRAI did not correlate with AIRT of pRNFL or mRT in PD and DIP patients (all P values > 0.060). Conclusion: Our study showed no benefit of retinal thickness and interocular asymmetry measurements using OCT for distinguishing PD from DIP in the early stages. Additional investigations are needed for confirmation.

The Association of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the <i>MMP-9</i> Gene with Normal Tension Glaucoma and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Suh, Wool,Won, Hong-Hee,Kee, Changwon IRL Press 2018 Current eye research Vol.43 No.4

Original Article : Depth and Area of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Damage and Visual Field Correlation Analysis

( Wool Suh ),( Jung Min Lee ),( Chang Won Kee ) 대한안과학회 2014 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.28 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the structural damage as assessed by time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and functional changes in glaucoma. Methods: In total, 190 patients with normal tension glaucoma or primary open angle glaucoma were included in this study. The thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) around the optic disc and the area of RNFL defect were determined using OCT scans. The relationships between the RNFL thickness or area of the defect and visual field (VF) indices were assessed using the Lowess function, regression analysis and partial Spearman correlation. The differences between these associations depending on the stage of VF damage were further analyzed. Age, optic disc size, refraction, central corneal thickness and the presence of systemic disease were corrected for in order to exclude confounding factors. Results: A logarithmic scale of RNFL thickness showed a negative linear relationship with VF indices. The area of the RNFL defect showed a weak correlation with the pattern of standard deviation, whereas the remnant RNFL thickness was moderately correlated with the pattern of standard deviation (partial Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.39, -0.47, respectively; p < 0.0001). Many outliers were detected in the Lowess-plotted graphs. Multiplication of the area and the inverted RNFL thickness showed a moderately correlated logarithmic relationship with the VF indices (partial Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.57; p < 0.0001). In the severe stage of VF damage, correlation between the area of the RNFL defect and mean deviation was significantly greater than in other stages (partial Spearman correlation coefficient, -0.66; p = 0.02). Conclusions: The thickness of the RNFL had a negative logarithmic correlation with the VF indices and was more relevant to the VF indices than the area of the RNFL defect, as measured by OCT.

젊은 성인(20-30대)의 ADHD 경향이 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향 : 정서조절곤란과 지각된 사회적 지지의 매개 효과

한여울(Yeo?Wool Han),정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),서경현(Kyung-Hyun Suh) 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.21 No.5

본 연구는 성인 ADHD 경향과 스마트폰 중독 간의 관계에서 정서조절곤란과 지각된 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 서울, 경기지역에 거주하는 20, 30대 성인 남녀 348명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하여 전반적인 기술통계분석을 하였고, 이후 AMOS와 Mplus를 사용하여 상관분석, 구조방정식 모형검증과 매개 효과 분석을 시행하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성인 ADHD 경향은 정서조절곤란과 스마트폰 중독과 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였으나, 지각된 사회적 지지와는 부적 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 성인 ADHD 경향과 스마트폰 중독과의 관계에서 정서조절곤란은 부분 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 성인 ADHD 경향과 스마트폰 중독 관계에서 정서조절곤란과 지각된 사회적 지지는 이중 매개 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성인 ADHD 경향과 스마트폰 중독에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인으로 정서조절곤란이라는 것을 확인했으며, 정서조절곤란의 어려움을 극복하고 사회적 지지를 증진 시켜 회피적인 대체활동인 스마트폰 중독을 낮출 수 있음을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점과 향후 연구의 필요성이 논의되었다. The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effects of difficult in emotional regulation and perceived social support on the relationship between adult ADHD tendency and smartphone addiction. For this study, Data were collected from 348 adults in 20s to 30s who live in Seoul, Gyeong-Gi Provinces. The SPSS 21.0 program was used to analyze the statistical data. The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling test mediating effects with AMOS and Mplus.. The results of the analysis were as follows: First adult ADHD tendency was positively correlated with difficulties in emotional regulation and smart phone addiction, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with those variables. Second difficulties in emotional regulation was partially mediated adult ADHD tendency and perceive social support. Third difficulties in emotional regulation and perceived social support had a dual mediating effect on adult ADHD tendency and smartphone addiction. These results reiterate the difficulties in emotional regulation is a determinant for the influence of adult ADHD on smartphone addiction, and suggest that smartphone addiction as an avoidant alternative activity could be reduced by overcoming the difficulties in emotional regulation and promoting the perceived social supports. Finally, some limitations of this study and suggestions for further researches were discussed.

Mutation spectrum of <i>CYP1B1</i> and <i>MYOC</i> genes in Korean patients with primary congenital glaucoma

Kim, Hee-Jung,Suh, Wool,Park, Sung Chul,Kim, Chan Yun,Park, Ki Ho,Kook, Michael S.,Kim, Yong Yeon,Kim, Chang-Sik,Park, Chan Kee,Ki, Chang-Seok,Kee, Changwon Molecular Vision 2011 Molecular vision Vol.17 No.-

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To elucidate the incidence of cytochrome P450 1B1 (<I>CYP1B1</I>) and myocillin (<I>MYOC</I>) mutations in Korean patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Genomic DNA was collected from peripheral blood of 85 unrelated Korean patients who were diagnosed as having PCG by standard ophthalmological examinations and screened for mutations in the <I>CYP1B1</I> and <I>MYOC</I> genes by using bi-directional sequencing.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Among 85 patients with PCG, 22 patients (22/85; 25.9%) had either one (n=11) or two (n=11) mutant alleles of the <I>CYP1B1</I> gene. Among 11 different<I> CYP1B1</I> mutations identified, a frameshift mutation (c.970_971dupAT; p.T325SfsX104) was the most frequent mutant allele (6/33; 18.2%) while p.G329S and p.V419Gfs11X were novel. In the <I>MYOC</I> gene, two variants of unknown significance (p.L228S and p.E240G) were identified in two PCG patients (2/85; 2.4%), respectively. No patient had mutations in both genes.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Although <I>CYP1B1</I> mutations are major causes of PCG in Korea, ~70% of PCG patients have neither <I>CYP1B1</I> nor <I>MYOC</I> mutations suggesting a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Furthermore, the fact that 11 out of 22 patients had only one mutant allele in the <I>CYP1B1</I> gene necessitates further investigation for other genetic backgrounds underlying PCG.</P>

Comparative Study of Encapsulated Blebs Following Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation and Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin-C

( Kun Ho Bae ),( Wool Suh ),( Chang Won Kee ) 대한안과학회 2012 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.26 No.4

Purpose: To compare the histopathologic and morphologic findings of encapsulated blebs following Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and primary standard trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. Methods: We reviewed the records of patients with otherwise uncontrollable glaucoma who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation or trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. Five eyes that underwent Ahmed valve implantation and three eyes that underwent trabeculectomy needed surgical revision of the initial surgery due to encapsulated bleb development with total loss of function. The surgically removed encapsulated blebs were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. Results: Removal of the encapsulated bleb was performed at a mean follow-up time of 26.6 ± 19.4 weeks in the Ahmed valve implantation group and 12.0 ± 11.4 weeks in the trabeculectomy group. The fibrotic wall of the encapsulated blebs had an overall thickness of 2.48 ± 0.42 mm in the Ahmed valve implantation group and 1.62 ± 0.37 mm in the trabeculectomy group. Macroscopically, the coconut flesh-like smooth surface was split into two layers, and the wall of the capsule was thicker in the Ahmed valve implantation group than in the trabeculectomy group. Histopathologically, the fibrotic capsule was composed of an inner fibrodegenerative layer and an outer fibrovascular layer, and there were no histopathological differences between the two groups. Conclusions: The fibrotic capsule wall was thicker in the Ahmed valve group, but there were no differences in histological findings between the two groups.

정상안압 및 원발개방각녹내장 사이의 Primary Vascular Dysregulation 비교

서울,박성철,기창원,Wool Suh,MD,Sung Chul Park,MD,Chang Won Kee,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2010 대한안과학회지 Vol.51 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical symptoms or signs of primary vascular dysregulation (PVD) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: From June 2008 to June 2009, we administered questionnaires to patients with glaucoma. The questionnaire was composed of 11 items, and the questionnaire results were compared between patients with NTG and POAG. NTG patients were subdivided by age(criterion: 55 years) and perimetric mean deviation (criterion: -6dB). Results: We detected a significant increase in hypotension (p=0.036) in NTG patients (n=133), compared to POAG patients (n=68). Migraines and emotional stress were more frequent in younger patients (<55 years) with NTG (46%, 71%, p=0.027) than in older patients (>55 years) with NTG (27.5%, 42.9%, p=0001). The frequency of drug sensitivity and systemic vasospasm is higher in older patients with NTG (28.6%, 17.4%) than younger patients with NTG (12.9%, 4.9%) but the rate of systemic vasospasm is much higher in younger patients, compared to the prevalence in the general Korean population. In patients with moderate and advanced NTG, hypotension is highly prevalent (p=0.018). Conclusions: Hypotension is a greater risk factor for NTG than for POAG. Indeed, vascular factors may be correlated with NTG, especially in younger patients with moderate, advanced visual field defects. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(3):393-400

녹내장 진행에 따른 망막신경섬유층의 두께 변화 : GDx-VCC를 이용한 분석

서울,전루민,최규룡,Wool Suh,Roo-Min Jun,Kyu-Ryong Choi 대한안과학회 2009 대한안과학회지 Vol.50 No.2

Purpose: The changes of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with GDx-VCC were analyzed to assess the use of this instrument for longitudinal follow-up of retinal nerve fiber layers. Methods: From July 2004 to July 2007, patients suspected of glaucoma were measured with GDx-VCC at baseline and measurements were repeated at a minimum interval of 12 months. The medical records of 150 patients were reviewed and 42 patients that showed glaucomatous visual field progression in 36 months were classified into a `progression group` and 108 patients with no visual field loss were classified into a `nonprogression group`. Results: In the nonprogression group, the temporal superior-nasal-inferior-temporal (TSNIT) average and theinferior average showed statistically significant changes for the follow up periods. However, in theprogression group, there were no parameters with significant changes even though glaucomatous visual field loss was found. The visual field progressed at a rate of 0.1dB/year in the progression group but the relationship between MD, PSD and GDx-VCC parameters could not be established. Conclusions: GDx-VCC may not be sufficient for longitudinal assessment of the RNFL, especially during the early glaucomatous visual field changes. The progression of glaucoma only with GDx-VCC should be cautiously evaluated, and confirmation with the visual field which elucidates early glaucomatous changes is necessary. Further study is needed before GDx-VCC can be recommended as the instrument for longitudinal assessment.

유리체내 트리암시놀론 주사후 발생한 무균성 안내염에 대한 고찰

서울,이수영,이정희,Wool Suh,Soo Young Lee,Jeong-Hee Lee 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.3

`Purpose: To evaluate the distinguishing characteristics that may assist in the clinical diagnosis of sterile endophthalmitis from intravitreal triamcinolone injection. Methods: From January 2005 to June 2006, the medical records of 163 eyes that received intravitreal triamcinolone injection were reviewed. In 5 eyes of 5 patients who complained of decreasing vision and mild ocular pain within three days after injection, slit lamp bimicroscopy revealed hypopyon, anterior chamber reaction, and vitritis. We analyzed clinical pictures retrospectively. Results: Intravitreal triamcinolone injections were performed for diabetic macular edema in 4 patients and for panuveitis in 1 patient with Beh?et’s disease. Pseudophakia was found in all five eyes. Inflammations in three eyes resolved with topical and oral antibiotics within 13 days, and the other two patients were treated with a vitreous culture and intravitreal antibiotic injection. However, vitreous tap showed no evidence of endophthalmitis, and inflammation resolved within the same period. Conclusions: Presumed sterile endophthalmitis presents within 3 days after intravitreal triamcinolone injection and may be accompanied by decreased vision and ocular discomfort, although it is characterized by no distinct ocular pain. The symptoms and ocular inflammation resolved quickly within 13 days with a favorable visual outcome. Inflammations in three eyes resolved without surgical intervention, so it may be necessary to closely observe clinical manifestations before assuming that the eye is suffering from infectious endophthalmitis.`

IBA농도가 토마토 마디삽묘 발근과 생육에 미치는 영향과 육묘방법에 따른 묘의 소엽 형태의 변화

양승구(Yang Seung Gu),김월수(Kim Wool Soo),김상철(Kim Sang Chul),서범석(Suh Beom Suk) 한국원예학회 1997 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.15 No.1