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Effect of Black Ginseng on Memory Improvement in the Amnesic Mice Induced by Scopolamine
Lee, Mi-Ra,Yun, Beom-Sik,Liu, Lei,Zhang, Dong-Liang,Wang, Zhen,Wang, Chun-Ling,Gu, Li-Juan,Wang, Chun-Yan,Mo, Eun-Kyung,Sung, Chang-Keun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2010 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.34 No.1
This study compared the effects of black, white, and red ginseng extracts (WGE, RGE, BGE, 200 mg/kg, p.o.) on learning and memory deficits associated with scopolamine treatment (SCOP, 2 mg/kg, i.p.). Tacrine (THA, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a positive control. Ginseng significantly reversed SCOP-induced memory impairment in the passiveavoidance test and also reduced escape latency in training trials of the Morris water maze test. The increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity produced by SCOP was significantly inhibited by WGE and RGE (p<0.001). SCOP administration had no effect on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, but RGE and BGE significantly increased ChAT activity (p<0.05). SCOP administration increased oxidative damage in the brain. Treatment of amnesic mice with ginseng extracts decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity to control levels. These results suggest that black ginseng enhances cognitive activity by regulation of cholinergic enzymes and antioxidant systems.
Thyroid dysfunction in very low birth weight preterm infants
Lee, Ji Hoon,Kim, Sung Woo,Jeon, Ga Won,Sin, Jong Beom The Korean Pediatric Society 2015 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.58 No.6
Purpose: Thyroid dysfunction is common in preterm infants. Congenital hypothyroidism causes neurodevelopmental impairment, which is preventable if properly treated. This study was conducted to describe the characteristics of thyroid dysfunction in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs), evaluate risk factors of hypothyroidism, and suggest the reassessment of thyroid function with an initially normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as part of a newborn screening test. Methods: VLBWIs (January 2010 to December 2012) were divided into two groups according to dysfunction-specific thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and associated factors were evaluated. Results: Of VLBWIs, 246 survivors were enrolled. Only 12.2% (30/246) of enrolled subjects exhibited thyroid dysfunction requiring thyroid hormone replacement. Moreover, only one out of 30 subjects who required thyroid hormone treatment had abnormal thyroid function in the newborn screening test with measured TSH. Most of the subjects in the treatment group (22/30) exhibited delayed TSH elevation. Gestational age, Apgar score, antenatal steroids therapy, respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, postnatal steroids therapy, and duration of mechanical ventilation did not differ between the two groups. Birth weight was smaller and infants with small for gestational age were more frequent in the treatment group. Conclusion: Physicians should not rule out suggested hypothyroidism, even when thyroid function of a newborn screening test is normal. We suggest retesting TSH and free thyroxine in high risk preterm infants with an initially normal TSH level using a newborn screening test.
Weed control treated with salt and seawater in organic agricultural upland
Sang Beom Lee,M.H Lee,C.K. Kang,M.S. Kim,H.S. Nam 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S
Weed control ís the most ímportant íssue ín organíc farmíng systems that límít crop growth and theír yíeld. Fíeld experíments were conducted ín organíc soybean (Glycine max Merrí/l) to evaluate the weed suppressíon effects of salt and seawater treatment. Weed populatíon and fresh weíght were monítored after 6 weeks of saft and seawater treatments. The most ímportant weeds were Dígítaría sanguínalís, Portulaca oleracea, Tradescantía reflexa and Chenopodíum album var. centrorubrum, but also 6 other specíes were observed ín soybean arable fíeld. Soybean crops under seawater or theír solíds applicatíon were well grown. The results treated wíth salts and seawater índícate decreases by 13.4-30.8% ín weed densíty and by 18.0-43.2% ín theír fresh weíght and soíl hardness íncreases of up to 2.1-fold. Salt and seawater províded good addítíonal weed control, but they were caused a seríous problem ín deteríoratíon of soíl physícal propertíes.
Effect of seawater on growth of four vegetable crops - Lettuce, leaf perilla, red pepper, cucumber -
Sang Beom Lee,M.H Lee,B.M. Lee,H.S. Nam,C.K. Kang 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S
The effects of seawater on growth of fettuce(Lactuca sativa L.), leaf perilla(perilIa frutescens var. japonica Hara), red pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) and cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were investigated in the glass greenhouse. These effects were studied on seedlings, and diluted seawater (1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, 100% v/v) was sprayed enough on feaves. The tested four vegetable crops have well grown up to 10% diluted seawater, but the tested vegetable crops were damaged from increasing salt levels. Of these, lettuce was provided salt-tolerant vegetable crop and red pepper was considered salt-sensitive vegetable crop. The salt tolerance of vegetable crops is different between crops and complicated because of additional detrimental effects caused by accumulated ions or specific ion toxicities in their leaves. These results show that agricultural use of seawater may be benefit crop cultivation in organic farming system as well as in conventional farming system.
Basic : Lactococcus garvieae septicemia with Liver abscess in an immunocompetent patient (초)
( Sang Wook Lee ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Suh Yoon Yang ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Bong Ki Cha ),( Beom Jin Kim ),( Hyoung Chul Oh ),( Chang Hwan Choi ),( Jeong Wook Kim ),( Jae Hyuk Do ),( Jae Gyu Kim ),( S 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3(S)