B-14 : Examining the Mode of PAC Application with Submerged Hollow Fiber Membrane for Wastewater Treatment

( Ramesh T ),이재욱,심왕근,문희 한국화학공학회 2007 화학공학의이론과응용 Vol.10 No.2

The use of low- pressure-driven membranes with powdered activated carbon (PAC) is gaining greater importance for the wastewater reuse. Submerged hollow fiber membrane allows PACs to be added directly into the tank containing the immersed membrane. However, this study highlights the importance of the method of application of PAC, which determines the organic removability and the permeate flux pattern by the hybrid system. Three different scenarios, namely, PAC addition in the tank, PAC in the presence of calcium chloride and a novel method of PAC coating as a secondary membrane, were evaluated. The results indicated that, when PAC was used along with CaCl2, the amount of PAC requirement could be reduced up to 70 %, depending on the type of PAC used. However, the PAC coated membrane proved to be far more superior to adding PAC in the tank, in terms of organic removal efficiency and preventing membrane fouling. This study is significant in order to understand and carefully select the method of using PAC for membrane hybrid system, so that PAC dose can be minimized and achieve enhanced performance.

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) attenuates age-related oxidative stress and ameliorates antioxidant capacity in rats

Ramesh, T.,Yoo, S.K.,Kim, S.W.,Hwang, S.Y.,Sohn, S.H.,Kim, I.W.,Kim, S.K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Experimental Gerontology Vol.47 No.12

Free radical-induced oxidative damage is considered to be the most important consequence of the aging process. The activities and capacities of antioxidant systems of cells decline with increased age, leading to the gradual loss of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and resulting in increased oxidative stress. Our investigation was focused on the effects of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidation in aged rats. Age-associated decline in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E, and elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared to young rats. Furthermore, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine were found to be significantly elevated in aged rats compared to young rats. Aged rats receiving cordycepin treatment show increased activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST, and elevated levels of GSH, and vitamins C and E such that the values of most of these parameters did not differ significantly from those found in young rats. In addition, the levels of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine became reduced upon administration of cordycepin to aged rats. These results suggest that cordycepin is effective for restoring antioxidant status and decreasing lipid peroxidation in aged rats.

Effect of fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on oxidative stress and antioxidant activities in major organs of aged rats

Ramesh, T.,Kim, S.W.,Sung, J.H.,Hwang, S.Y.,Sohn, S.H.,Yoo, S.K.,Kim, S.K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Experimental Gerontology Vol.47 No.1

The intracellular levels of oxidant and antioxidant balances are gradually distorted during the aging process. An age associated elevation of oxidative stress occurring throughout the lifetime is hypothesized to be the major cause of aging. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the putative antioxidant activity of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of major organs of aged rats compared to young rats. Increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine were observed in the serum of aged rats. Increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly lowered activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared with those in young rats. Quantitative analysis of the non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels showed significantly lower values in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats. On the other hand, administration of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) to aged rats resulted in increased activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST as well as elevation in GSH, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels. Besides, the level of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine were reduced on administration of GINST to aged rats. These results suggested that treatment of GINST can improve the antioxidant status during aging, thereby minimizing the oxidative stress and occurrence of age-related disorders associated with free radicals.

Swiprosin-1 Regulates Cytokine Expression of Human Mast Cell Line HMC-1 through Actin Remodeling

T.P. Ramesh,김영대,권민성,전창덕,김상욱 대한면역학회 2009 Immune Network Vol.9 No.6

Background: Swiprosin-1 was identified in human CD8+ lymphocytes, mature B cells and non-lymphonoid tissue. We have recently reported that swiprosin-1 is expressed in mast cells and up-regulated in both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The expression of cytokines and swiprosin-1 were determined by by real time PCR and conventional PCR. Pharmacological inhibitors were treated to investigate potential mechanism of swiprosin-1 in mast cell activation. Actin content was evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: The swiprosin-1 augmented PMA/A23187- induced expression of cytokines and release of histamine. However, knock-down of swiprosin-1 showed only a modest effect on PMA/A23187-induced cytokine expression, suggesting that swiprosin-1 has gain-of-function characteristics. Swiprosin-1 was found in microvilli-like membrane protrusions and highly co-localized with F-actin. Importantly, either disruption of actin by cytochalasin B or inhibition of PI3 kinase, an enzyme involved in actin remodeling, by wortmannin blocked cytokine expression only in swiprosin-1-overexpressing cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that swiprosin- 1 modulates mast cell activation potentially through actin regulation. Background: Swiprosin-1 was identified in human CD8+ lymphocytes, mature B cells and non-lymphonoid tissue. We have recently reported that swiprosin-1 is expressed in mast cells and up-regulated in both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The expression of cytokines and swiprosin-1 were determined by by real time PCR and conventional PCR. Pharmacological inhibitors were treated to investigate potential mechanism of swiprosin-1 in mast cell activation. Actin content was evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: The swiprosin-1 augmented PMA/A23187- induced expression of cytokines and release of histamine. However, knock-down of swiprosin-1 showed only a modest effect on PMA/A23187-induced cytokine expression, suggesting that swiprosin-1 has gain-of-function characteristics. Swiprosin-1 was found in microvilli-like membrane protrusions and highly co-localized with F-actin. Importantly, either disruption of actin by cytochalasin B or inhibition of PI3 kinase, an enzyme involved in actin remodeling, by wortmannin blocked cytokine expression only in swiprosin-1-overexpressing cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that swiprosin- 1 modulates mast cell activation potentially through actin regulation.

Protective Effect of Sesbania grandiflora Against Cigarette Smoke-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rats

T. Ramesh,V. Hazeena Begum 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.2

Sesbania grandiflora, commonly known as “sesbania” and “agathi,” is widely used in Indian traditional med-icine for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the possible protective effect of anaqueous suspension of S. grandiflora(ASSG) leaves against cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage in rats. Adult Wis-tar-Kyoto rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for a period of 90 days and treated with ASSG (1,000 mg/kg of body weight/day,p.o) for a period of 3 weeks. The levels of protein carbonyl and activities of cytochrome P450, NADPH oxidase, and xan-thine oxidase were significantly increased, whereas the levels of total thiol, protein thiol, non-protein thiol, nucleic acids, andtissue protein were significantly reduced in lung, liver, kidney, and heart of cigarette smoke-exposed rats as compared withcontrol rats. Plasma nitric oxide levels, measured as nitrite plus nitrate, were significantly increased in cigarette smoke-ex-posed rats when compared to the control rats. The above changes were ameliorated to near control in the treatment group.These results suggest that supplementation with ASSG reversed the cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage in rats throughits antioxidant potential. These results provide further support for the traditional use of S. grandiflorain the treatment ofsmoke-related diseases.

Swiprosin-1 Regulates Cytokine Expression of Human Mast Cell Line HMC-1 through Actin Remodeling

Ramesh, T.P.,Kim, Young-Dae,Kwon, Min-Sung,Jun, Chang-Duk,Kim, Sang-Wook The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2009 Immune Network Vol.9 No.6

Background: Swiprosin-1 was identified in human CD8+ lymphocytes, mature B cells and non-lymphonoid tissue. We have recently reported that swiprosin-1 is expressed in mast cells and up-regulated in both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The expression of cytokines and swiprosin-1 were determined by by real time PCR and conventional PCR. Pharmacological inhibitors were treated to investigate potential mechanism of swiprosin-1 in mast cell activation. Actin content was evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: The swiprosin-1 augmented PMA/A23187-induced expression of cytokines and release of histamine. However, knock-down of swiprosin-1 showed only a modest effect on PMA/A23187-induced cytokine expression, suggesting that swiprosin-1 has gain-of-function characteristics. Swiprosin-1 was found in microvilli-like membrane protrusions and highly co-localized with F-actin. Importantly, either disruption of actin by cytochalasin B or inhibition of PI3 kinase, an enzyme involved in actin remodeling, by wortmannin blocked cytokine expression only in swiprosin-1-overexpressing cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that swiprosin-1 modulates mast cell activation potentially through actin regulation.

Adsorption Ability of Activated Carbon for Organic Removal from Wastewater

( Ramesh T. ),심왕근,이재욱,문희 한국화학공학회 2007 화학공학의이론과응용 Vol.10 No.1

In the field of wastewater treatment, adsorption using activated carbon has proved to be one of the most viable and simple method for the removal of organic carbon, especially those compounds that are chemically and biologically stable. However, the ability of activated carbon to remove organic material largely depends on their physical properties and the material from which the carbon is made. This study analyses the capacity of three different powdered activated carbons (PAC); wood based, coal based and coconut based and granular activated carbon (GAC), in the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from wastewater. The performance of PAC was far more superior compared to GAC in the ability to remove organic matter. The results indicated that 10 mg/L of wood based PAC was able to remove 90 % of DOC from wastewater with 4.7 mg/L of initial DOC. On the other hand the organic removal ability of 10 mg/L of GAC was only 25 %. The optimum pH values for the three PACs are 8, 9 and 10 for wood based, coal based and coconut based respectively. The nature of DOC removal at various influent organic concentration was also studied for the PACs.

Peer-to-peer trust management in intelligent transportation system: An Aumann’s agreement theorem based approach

Ramesh T.R.,Vijayaragavan M.,Poongodi M.,Mounir Hamdi,Huihui Wang,Sami Bourouis 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.3

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs) has gained wide popularity such that it is necessary to incorporate trust among each node in the network. However, trust management among vehicles is a challenging task as malicious nodes are prone to disturb data transmission among different vehicles. The aim of this work is to establish the truth of consensus, to identify the malicious nodes with no further delay, by considering the decision of each vehicle on finding the trust values. The experimental analysis for the proposed approach done using the NS3 with CAIDA data set, the proposed scheme shows superior results compared to the other existing schemes for the detection rate of malicious nodes. It enhances the attack Detection Rate (DR) as 96.5% for the projected dual weighted trust evaluation technique. But, DR for the triumphing technique firecol is 74.9% and AODV is 60%. Thus, it is experimentally proved that dual weighted trust mechanism has high attack detection rate, comparatively. Also, proposed method outperforms very well with respect to the data transmission parameters like packet delivery ratio, energy Consumption and average latency comparatively over the existing mechanisms.

Poster Session : Immunology ; Positive regulation of T cell activation and integrin adhesion by swiprosin-1 Hyun Wee

( Ramesh T. P. ),( Kyu Man Oh ),( Chang Duk Jun ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2007 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

Examining the Mode of PAC Application with Submerged Hollow Fiber Membrane for Wastewater Treatment

( Ramesh T ),이재욱,심왕근,문희 한국공업화학회 2004 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2004 No.1