Time-Related Changes in Detrusor Overactivity in Awake Rats with Spinal Cord Injury Observed by Simultaneous Registrations of Intravesical and Intraabdominal Pressures

Jin, Long-Hu,Shin, Hwa-Yoan,Yoon, Seung-Hwan,Seong, Do-Hwan,Park, Chang-Shin,Lee, Tack,Yoon, Sang-Min Korean Continence Society 2011 International Neurourology Journal Vol.15 No.1

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To compare the physical characteristics of detrusor overactivity (DO) induced by intravesical infusion of saline in awake, sham rats and rats with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), by simultaneous registrations of intravesical and intraabdominal pressures.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Male Sprague-Dawley rats, normal or with a spinal vascular clip at the level of Th9, were investigated cystometrically 1 and 4 weeks after SCI. Intravesical pressure (IVP) and intraabdominal pressure (IAP) were recorded simultaneously to evaluate true DO. During the filling phase, the event of IVP rises, defined as increments that exceeded 2 cmH<SUB>2</SUB>O from baseline, were determined as DO according to the absence of simultaneous changes in IAP.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>All SCI rats exhibited DO during the filling phase, which was not shown in sham rats. The frequency and pressure of DO had a tendency to decrease with time. The DO frequency of SCI rats after 4 weeks (0.9±0.2 min<SUP>-1</SUP>) was decreased compared with that after 1 week (2.1±0.4 min<SUP>-1</SUP>; P<0.05). The DO pressure of SCI rats after 4 weeks (8.4±1.9 cmH<SUB>2</SUB>O) was decreased compared with that after 1 week (11.6±2.9 cmH<SUB>2</SUB>O; P>0.05).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Cystometric studies in awake male SCI rats showed some significant changes in bladder function after SCI. All SCI rats exhibited DO during the filling phase, and showed different physical characteristics of DO over the course of time. The neurological basis of these time-related changes remains poorly understood, but may provide important prognostic information about long-term urological management in SCI patients.</P>

Nonselective Blocking of the Sympathetic Nervous System Decreases Detrusor Overactivity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Kim, Khae-Hawn,Jin, Long-Hu,Choo, Gwoan-Youb,Lee, Hun-Jae,Choi, Bo-Hwa,Kwak, Jiyeon,Yoon, Sang-Min,Park, Chang-Shin,Lee, Tack Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.13 No.4

<P>The involuntary dual control systems of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the bladder of awake spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were investigated through simultaneous registrations of intravesical and intraabdominal pressures to observe detrusor overactivity (DO) objectively as a core symptom of an overactive bladder. SHRs (<I>n</I> = 6) showed the features of overactive bladder syndrome during urodynamic study, especially DO during the filling phase. After injection of the nonselective sympathetic blocking agent labetalol, DO disappeared in 3 of 6 SHRs (50%). DO frequency decreased from 0.98 ± 0.22 min<SUP>−1</SUP> to 0.28 ± 0.19 min<SUP>−1</SUP> (<I>p</I> < 0.01), and DO pressure decreased from 3.82 ± 0.57 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O to 1.90 ± 0.86 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O (<I>p</I> < 0.05). This suggests that the DO originating from the overactive parasympathetic nervous system is attenuated by the nonselective blocking of the sympathetic nervous system. The detailed mechanism behind this result is still not known, but parasympathetic overactivity seems to require overactive sympathetic nervous system activity in a kind of balance between these two systems. These findings are consistent with recent clinical findings suggesting that patients with idiopathic overactive bladder may have ANS dysfunction, particularly a sympathetic dysfunction. The search for newer and better drugs than the current anticholinergic drugs as the mainstay for overactive bladder will be fueled by our research on these sympathetic mechanisms. Further studies of this principle are required.</P>

Phenyl 2‐pyridyl ketoxime induces cellular senescence‐like alterations via nitric oxide production in human diploid fibroblasts

Yang, Kyeong Eun,Jang, Hyun‐,Jin,Hwang, In‐,Hu,Chung, Young‐,Ho,Choi, Jong‐,Soon,Lee, Tae‐,Hoon,Chung, Yun‐,Jo,Lee, Min‐,Seung,Lee, Mi Young,Yeo, Eui‐,J BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 2016 AGING CELL Vol.15 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Phenyl‐2‐pyridyl ketoxime (PPKO) was found to be one of the small molecules enriched in the extracellular matrix of near‐senescent human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs). Treatment of young HDFs with PPKO reduced the viability of young HDFs in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner and resulted in senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) staining and G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, the levels of some senescence‐associated proteins, such as phosphorylated ERK1/2, caveolin‐1, p53, p16<SUP>ink4a</SUP>, and p21<SUP>waf1</SUP>, were elevated in PPKO‐treated cells. To monitor the effect of PPKO on cell stress responses, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was examined by flow cytometry. After PPKO treatment, ROS levels transiently increased at 30 min but then returned to baseline at 60 min. The levels of some antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, peroxiredoxin II and glutathione peroxidase I, were transiently induced by PPKO treatment. SOD II levels increased gradually, whereas the SOD I and III levels were biphasic during the experimental periods after PPKO treatment. Cellular senescence induced by PPKO was suppressed by chemical antioxidants, such as N‐acetylcysteine, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy, and L‐buthionine‐(<I>S</I>,<I>R</I>)‐sulfoximine. Furthermore, PPKO increased nitric oxide (NO) production via inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in HDFs. In the presence of NOS inhibitors, such as L‐NG‐nitroarginine methyl ester and L‐NG‐monomethylarginine, PPKO‐induced transient NO production and SA‐β‐gal staining were abrogated. Taken together, these results suggest that PPKO induces cellular senescence in association with transient ROS and NO production and the subsequent induction of senescence‐associated proteins<B>.</B></P>

고압멸균 처리시간에 따른 닭 체내 조류인플루엔자와 뉴캐슬병 바이러스의 멸균효과

이진주 ( Jin Ju Lee ),김동혁 ( Dong Hyeok Kim ),임정주 ( Jeong Ju Lim ),김대근 ( Dae Geun Kim ),민원기 ( Won Gi Min ),이후장 ( Hu Jang Lee ),장홍희 ( Hong Hee Chang ),김석 ( Suk Kim ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2011 예방수의학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) distress a variety of avian species, especially domestic poultry. Severe syndromes are caused by highly virulent specific virus strains termed highly pathogenic AI and velogenic ND viruses, which are potential agrobioterrorism agents. This outbreak emphasizes the need for continuing cooperation between public health and veterinary medical communities in controlling AI and ND when it has a zoonotic potential. Up to date, the stamping out and burying system were applied for controlling methods against these highly infectious diseases in the ordinary way, however these methods had many environmental problems, including leachat and effluvium. Thus, we assessed that sterilization effect of AI and ND virus dependent on several treatment conditions, such as autoclaving time and cutting types of chicken. As a result, we found that the cutting type of chicken meat revealed a reduced HA titer (20) against both of AI and ND virus after 10 min of autoclaving, while whole chicken showed same titer after 30 and 60 min. Therefore, we propose that the conditions of treatment on infected chicken should be developed for convenient, affordable, and effective prevention methods against for AI and ND.

아래턱뼈 계측을 통한 한국인의 체질인류학적 특징 및 남녀판별함수 분석

허경석,고기석,정한성,강민규,최병영,김희진 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.4

압저항형 스마트 실리콘 압력 센서의 설계

정후민,신윤권,조상복,이종화 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.2

압저항형 스마트 실리콘 압력 센서를 0.6 ㎛ 이중 폴리 실리콘 이중 금속 CMOS 공정으로 구현하기 위하여 설계하였다. 이 스마트 실리콘 압력 센서는 압저항형 저항기들로 된 휘스톤 브리지를 갖는 다이아프램과 op-amp, A/D 변환기, 및 UART 회로 등의 주변회로 들로 구성되어 있다. 브리지 회로의 출력 전압과 압력에 의한 기계적 응력 사이의 관계를 COSMOS-M 상용프로그램으로 다이아프램의 응력 분포를 모의실험하여, 압저항기의 최적의 위치와 크기에 대한 연구를 하였다. CMOS op-amp 회로는 규정된 출력 특성을 얻기 위하여 크기가 다른 트랜지스터들로 설계하여 HSPICE로 모의실험하여 최적화 시켰다. A/D 변화기 회로는 가능한 칩 면적을 줄이기 위하여 서브 레인징 기법과 신경 MOSFET 구조를 이용하여 설계하였다. UART회로는 VHDL 소스 코드와 셀 라이브러리를 이용하고 Synopsys로 합성하여 설계하였다. 회로의 물리적 레이아우트 설계는 Mentor 틀로 설계하였다. 그러나 온도보상회로와 출력오프셋 문제는 아직 해결하지 못하고 다음에 연구할 예정이다. A piezoresistive smart silicon pressure sensor is designed to implement with 0.6 ㎛ double-polysilicon double-metal CMOS precess. This smart pressure sensor is composed of a diaphragm with piezoresistive resistors' Wheatstone bridge and the peripheral circuitry of op-amp, A/D converter and UART. The relationship between the output voltage of the bridge circuit and the mechanical stress by applied pressure was studied by simulating the stress distribution on the diaphragm with COSMOS-M package program to optimize the size and position of piezoresistors. The CMOS op-amp circuit was designed with different CMOS transistor sizes to obtain the defined op-amp output characteristics and simulated with HSPICE. The A/D converter was designed using neuron MOSFET structure and sub-ranging method to minimize the chip area. The UART circuit was designed by using VHDL source code and cell library and by synthesizing with Synopses and the physical layout of the circuit was designed with Mentor tools. The problems for temperature compensation and the output voltage offset were not yet considered.

회수수에 당류계 안정화제를 처리한 시멘트 모르터의 특성

金虎林,우종완,한민철,류현기,한천구 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

In this paper, fundamental properties of cement mortar using recycled water with stabilizing agent are discussed in order to investigate the applicability of recycled water. Stabilizing agent content, solid contents and open time are varied in this paper. For fresh mortar properties, highest fluidity with 0.15% of stabilizing agent was observed and air content was increased with an increase in stabilizing agent contents. Solid contents and open time of recycled water had nothing to do with fluidity and air content loss. Little difference in setting time was found with the presence of stabilizing agent and without, while it was accelerated with an increase in open time and solid content. For strength properties, the highest strength value was observed at 0.15% of stabilizing agent. An increase in solid contents resulted in an enhancement of strength, while strength decreased with an increase in open time and elapse of age. Drying shrinkage exhibited a reduction with an increase in stabilizing agent contents and open time. From the present paper, the combination of 0.15% of sacharic based stabilizing agent, 3% of solid content and 1day of open time is found to be an optimal condition to perform effectively.

제주마의 체형에 관한 연구

강민수,정창조,강태숙,박희석,김동후,정재준 제주대학교 농과대학 제주도축산문제연구소 1986 畜産論叢 Vol.1 No.1

수중의 Pyrene, Chrysene 및 Benzo[a]pyrene의 광분해(I)

김지용,허철구,이민규,감상규 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The photodegradation of pyrene, chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene, that were similar in structure among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were investigated in water irradiated with a low-pressure mercury lamp (wavelength of 253.7㎚ and UV output of 1.35×10^-3J/s). The effects of several factors (t-BuOH, HCO_3^- and pH) on photodegradation of above three PAHs were also examined. The photodegradation rates of PAHs decreased with increasing the concentration of t-BuOH, but decreased little with increasing the concentration of HCO_3^- under the concentrations used in this study. The photodegradation rates of PAHs decreased with increasing pH, but their change were greater in case of pH increase from acid to neutral and were little in case of pH increase from neutral to base. The photogradation rates of PAHs fitted a first-order kinetic model and their photogradation rates decreased in the following sequences: pyrene>chrysene>benzo[a]pyrene among the PAHs used.

한국인 얼굴 연조직의 두께

김창헌,허경석,김희진,강민규,정인혁 大韓法醫學會 1999 대한법의학회지 Vol.23 No.2