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Lee, Yu Ri,Ma, Wanwan,Row, Kyung Ho Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Analytical letters Vol.51 No.13
<P>Ionic liquid-modified silica particles with a large pore size were synthesized and used as the stationary phase for size exclusion chromatography coupled with a refractive index detector for the determination of polysaccharides, such as fucoidan, alginic acid, and laminarin from Undaria pinnatifida (seaweed). The molecular weight of polysaccharide was determined by a dextran standard curve (5-1100kDa). The ionic liquid-modified silica column exhibited excellent size exclusion properties in separating laminarin from other components. The 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-amino silica column has superior resolution in laminarin separation than the other columns because the amino-group in ionic liquid provide - interactions due to aromaticity of the ring structure, which enhances the effect of the hydroxyl group in the target compound separation. The concentrations of polysaccharides were calculated using a standard linear equation to be 0.332-0.484mg/g of fucoidan, 0.207-0.301mg/g of alginic acid, and 0.154-0.297mg/g of laminarin.</P>
김마리(Kim Ma Ri),이승연(Lee Seung Yeon) 한국육아지원학회 2008 육아지원연구 Vol.3 No.2
본 연구는 유치원 행사에 대한 현황 및 교사의 인식을 알아보기 위해 국ㆍ공립 및 사립유치원에 1년 이상 근무 중인 교사 206명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 교사들은 유아들에게 다양한 경험을 제공해줌으로써 학습 흥미를 신장시키기 위한 목적으로 평균 연간 20회 이상의 행사를 실시하고 있었다. 둘째, 유아의 흥미도가 높다고 교사들이 인식한 행사는 유아중심의 행사였고, 낮다고 인식한 행사는 성인 중심의 행사였다. 또한 부모의 만족도가 높다고 교사들이 인식한 행사는 부모가 참여하는 행사들이 많았다. 마지막으로 교육적 필요도가 높다고 교사들이 인식한 행사는 안전ㆍ방재지도나 부모교육 행사였고, 낮다고 인식한 행사는 유치원 홍보를 위한 전시성 행사였다. 셋째, 행사의 운영단계는 충실히 이루어지지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 다양한 문제점들이 지적되었다. 가정과의 연계 또한 활발히 이루어지지 않고 있었으며, 교사들은 가정과의 연계를 실시하는 데에 어려움을 느끼고 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of kindergarten events and teachers' perceptions on them. The subjects of this study were 206 kindergarten teachers who were working at public or private kindergartens in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, with at least one-year experience. The teachers were completed a questionnaire made for this study. The findings of the study are as follows: First, the teachers thought that the purpose of kindergarten events is to enhance interests in learning by providing young children with various experiences. The ideal number of events that the teachers thought was 4-6 times a year, while the actual number of events was 20 times a year. Second, the teachers perceived that children-centered events were the ones that young children show higher interests, while adult-centered events such as ceremonies and exhibitions were the ones that young children show lower interests. The teachers also perceived that the events where parents participate such as parent participation days and christmas parties were the ones that parents show higher satisfaction. In terms of educational necessity, the teachers perceived that the events such as safety education and parent education have higher educational necessity, while the events for displaying or advertising the kindergarten have lower educational necessity. Third, the difficulties in selecting and planning curriculum-connected events, the excessive frequency of events, the unusual management of curriculum due to excessive exercises for such events were indicated to be the most severe problems in planning, preparing, and holding kindergarten events. The cooperation with families of young children in the whole process of events was also a major difficulty that the teachers expressed.
Kyung Ho Row,Yu Ri Lee,Yu Jin Lee,Wanwan Ma 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.8
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared by mixing a quaternary salt as a hydrogen bond acceptor with a hydrogen bond donor. In this study, DESs had an excellent effect as a solvent-catalyst for the esterification of palmitic acid and methanol. This method was found to be safe, mild, simple, and eco-friendly. A range of DESs with different mixing ratios were used to optimize the preparation of methyl palmitate. Other factors, such as temperature, time and DESs/methanol ratio, were also examined. The optimal DES was prepared from tetrabutyl ammonium chloride and acetic acid (1 : 2); the methanol and palmitic acid sample to DES ratio was 1 : 0.5 (v/v). The reaction was optimized at a methanol/palmitic acid ratio of 10 : 1 (mol/mol) at 60 oC for 60 min. The yield was 94.3% under the optimized conditions. Therefore, DESs can be developed as a catalyst for the esterification of palmitic acid for obtaining methyl palmitate as biodiesel, and have potential applicability in other biodiesel pretreatments.