Azathioprine 및 Pilocarpine이 白鼠睡液線에 미치는 影饗에 關한 組織化學的 硏究

高在丞 최신의학사 1974 最新醫學 Vol.17 No.7

Azathioprine is widely used in preventing the rejection of renal homografts and in the treatment of diseases considered to be autoimmune in origin. In view of the recent works, since the 6-mercaptop?urine moiety released from azathioprine probably interferes with both the de move synthesis of purine and the interconversion of purine nucleotides, potential effects of azathioprine on the synthesis of both DNA and RNA might be expected. In addition to these actions, azathioprine can be converted directly to 6-thiouric acid without the release of 6-mercaptopurine, thereby perhaps allowing a mec?hanism of action unique to azathioprine. This study observed the histochemical features produced in the submaxillary and the parotid glands following parenteral administration of a single dose of azathioprine, and azathioprine in combination with pilocarpine. For this study forty nine male albino rats were used. The average weight of the animals was approximately 100g. These rats were randomly divided into three groups. Forty two rats in the first group(twenty one rats) and the second group(twenty one rats) were intraperitoneally injected with azathioprine at a dose equivalent to 5mg/kg body weight in 0.01 N NaOH solution 1 ml. Ig the above both group, salivary glands were removed on days, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 followii injection under ether anesthesia. In the second group of twenty one animals, each was injected if traperitone?ally with pilocarpine in the amount of 1 mg/kg body weight in distilled water 1 ml two hours prior to sacrifice respectively. Seven aramals of control group were injected with 0. 01 N NaOH solution 1 ml. All salivary glands were embedded in paraffin by an electric vacuum pump. The histochemical techniques employed can be classified as follows: (A) Protein: alloxan Schiff 'reaction,'('Yasma,-rchigawa: ), -Si l' reaction and-SS group reaction (Pearse ) (B) Glycoprotein: mucicarmine -stain (Soughgate's modification, of Mayer's `method). (C) Glycogen: PAS reaction (McManus), PAS reaction after salivary test (Bensely). (D) Neutral mucopolysaccharide: acetylation-PAS, acetylation-saponification-PAS, periodic acid? paradiamine (Spicer). (E) Acid mucopolysaccharide: alcian blue 8 GX(pH 2.2), colloidal iron (Muller-Mowry), aldehyde fuchsin(Gomori). (F) Alkaline phosphatase: diazo reaction(pH 9.2). (G) Acid phosphatase: diazo reaction (pH 5.0). (H) DNA and RNA: methyl green-pyronin (Taft). The results were as follows: (1) In the azathioprine administered groups, acinar cells had vacuolization from five to ten days after injection. (2) Azathioprine led in the submaxillary and the parotid gland to a decrease of secretory granule and exclusively of a-amino acid, -SH group and -glycoprotein. (3) Azathioprine led to a increase of acid phosphatase activity in the acinar cells from five to ten days after injection. (4) It was seemed that pilocarpine had not acted on the a-amino acid and glycoprotein reaction decreased markedly by azathioprine.

고추수침엑스가 Streptococcus mutans B-13의 세포외 다당류 합성에 미치는 영향에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

고재승,정태영,이종흔,정동균,김각균 대한구강생물학회 1980 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.4 No.1

Streptococcus mutans B-13 was cultured in sucrose broth containing water-extract of capsicum and the effect of the extract was observed with the aid of electron microscope, in an effort to elucidate the anti-cariogenic effect of capsicum in white rats observed during the previous experiment. Growth curve was also obtained in the presence or in the absence of the extract. The results were as follows : 1. S. mutans B-13 produce no extracellular polysaccharide in glucose broth. 2. In sucrose broth, extracellular polysaccharides with two components were produced ; that is, electron-dense, globular and relatively homogenous material and widespread fibrillar component. 3. In sucrose broth containing water-extract of capsicum, production of extracellular polysaccharide was almost completely suppressed. Growth was also influenced by the extract. 4. It seems that certain material which is capable of suppressing the production of extracellular polysaccharide and of influencing growth is present in water-extract of capsicum and that anti-cariogenic effect of capsicum is probably related to this unidentified material.

실험가토의 악관절원판 변위시 후방부착조직의 변화 : A NEW MODEL OF INTERNAL DERANGEMENT IN RABBITS

김태우,고재승,장영일 대한치과교정학회 1993 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.23 No.4

This paper describes a new method to create an animal model for TMJ internal derangement in the New Zealand white rabbits and the light and electron microscopical changes of posterior attachment of them. Twenty six rabbits(2.5-3.0㎏), four normal and twenty two experimental, were used. The right disc of experimental animal was displaced anteriorly without sectioning the posterior attachment and tied to the zygomatic arch with nylon not to be reduced to the original position. The left TMJ was sham-operated to be compared with its right experimental one. Normal animals were sacrificed one day and eight weeks after experiment. Experimental animals were sacrificed one day, ten days, three weeks, five weeks and eight weeks after surgery respectively. They were fixed intravenously with 2% glutaldehyde under general anesthesia and the samples of them were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. The purpose of this experiment is to make a suitable animal model of disc displacement without reduction for studying and understanding the cellular and morphologic events in posterior attachment of TMJ including early changes which were difficult to be observed in human TMJs. The results of this investigation suggest the following conclusions : 1. Authors induced anterior disc displacement surgically in rabbits with new method to examine histologic changes of posterior attachment. Tissue reactions of this model seem to be similar to those observed in human disc displacement. We think this animal model for anterior disc displacement may be used to explore and evaluate objectively the efects of many treatment modalities in disc displacements. 2. The animal disease model showed inflammation at early stage(one and ten days). At this stage there were mild-to-severe mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, numerous newly formed vessels, vessel dilatation and engormement and many fibroblasts. 3. At middle stage(three weeks), fibrosis occurred, where fibroblasts decreased in number, but their cytoplasm was profuse indicating high activity. Collagen fibers increased in number and the tissue looked more dense. 4. At late stage(five weeks and eight weeks) showed degenerative changes including perforation of posterior attachment, disintegration of collagen fiber bundles, degeneration of fibroblasts, metastatic ossification, and dystrophic calcification.

고분자압출성형용 Single-Screw에 관한 열유동 기초연구

정효희,김재열,고명석,최승현,심재기,한재호 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Extrusion Screw, point parts of extrusion molding extruder, is expanded widely use area with construction machinery, site conveyance device food processor, medicine as well as Polymer extrusion forming. Because this can expect large quantity demand about Screw of special quality of extrusion Screw item, is become processing industry that adopt all kinds of small quantity production type. Accordingly, analysis by extrusion screw is also consisting of several directions. Extrusion screw differentia is appeared much at material selection of screw itself and each screw design as parts that cause a lot of high temperature and high tension and attrition among processing of product and use purpose and that should do it so that working conditions back according to kind of used balance may optimize of each Screw are desirable. In this treatise, analyzed and analyze single-screw that is using developing in Human Resource Training Project for regional Innovation subject considering pressure, temperature etc.. of extrusion screw using CFdesign that is 3 dimensional analysis program.

저칼슘식이 생쥐 하악골에서 파골세포의 Tartrate저항성 산성인산분해효소 활성에 대한 세포화학적 연구

박은주,임도선,김현만,고재승 대한구강해부학회 1994 대한구강해부학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The present study was carried out to exanine the morphological changes and TRACP (Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase) activity in the resorption of mandibular bones of mouses resulted, established by low calcium diet. Mice were divided into two groups; one was the calcein group for fluorescent microscopy, the other was the non-calcein group for light and electron microscopy. After calcein injection, mice(ICR) were fed either a low calcium diet (0.01% Ca, 0.75% P) or control diet (0.1% Ca. 0.75% P). Non-calcein group were also fed a low calcium diet or control diet. Mice were sacrificed on 3, 7 and 14 days. For fluorescent microscopy study, fixed undecalcified alveolar bones were embedded in Epon 812, and ground sectioned to study the new bone formation after calcein injection. For the TRACP histochemical study, fixed decalcified alveolar bones were incubated in p-NPP (p-nitrophenyl phosphate) media. For the transmission electron microscopic study, incubated alveolar bone were post fixed in OsO_(4), embedded with Epon 812 for the study of TRACP localzation and activity. The observed results were as follows. 1. Low calcium diet induced bone resorption in buccal and lingual sides of alveolar bone, while the lingual side of alveolar bone was not resorbed in the control group. Bone resorption increased over the period of low calcium diet. 2. The alveolar bone proper of the lingual alveolar bone continued to deposit new bone of the periodontal side even after the low calcium diet. 3. After low calcium diet TRACP activity increased in the cytoplasm of osteoclast, extracellular ruffled border. TRACP activity was also found at the eroded bone matrix after bone resorption, and in the cytoplasm of detached osteoclast. In the immature osteoclast enzyme activity was confined in rER. No enzyme activity was found in the osteoblast.

저칼슘식이로 사육한 생쥐의 골수세포 배양에 의한 파골세포양세포의 형성

박주철,강선주,임도선,김현만,고재승 대한구강해부학회 1995 대한구강해부학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Although it is now well established that osteoclasts are derived from mononuclear hematopoietic stem cells, most likely within the granulocyte-macrophage lineage, the exact differentiation process of osteoclast precusors has only been partially discovered. This study was carried out to investigate the following topics by examining the osteoclast-like cell formation from the calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow cells; 1) the effect of calcium deficiency on the formation of the mononuclear phagocytes and the mononuclear precusors of the osteoclast in the mouse bone marrow; 2) the effect of TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α on the differentiation of osteoclast-like cells from the calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow culture; 3) the formation of the osteoclast-like cell from the calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells and the relationship between the osteoblast cell line(MC3T3E1) and osteoclast-like cell formation; 4) formation of the osteoclast-like cells from the mononuclear cells which were col1ected from PTH-pretreated mouse bone marrow cells to investigate the relationship between PTH and calcium deficiency in osteoclast-like cell formation. Bone marrow cells were isolated from marrow of mouse feeding normal diet or calcium deficient diet for 7 and 14 days. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were fractionated by cetrifugation on Hypaque-Ficoli density gradients. PTH-pretreated mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells were obtained by collecting the nonadherent cells after the culture of normal mouse marrow cells with PTH for 6 days. The prepared cells were cultured on dentin disc at the concentration of 1.5-2 X 10^(6) cells per 0.5ml of a-MEM containing 10% FCS for 3, 5 and 7 days. Thereafter, TRAP staining, NSE staining, effect of calcitonin on the osteoclast-like cell and scanning electron microscope analysis of resorption lacunae on the dentin disc were performed. The results were as follows; 1. Number of the osteoclast precusors and mononuclear phagocytes in bone marrow was increased by calcium-deficient diet. 2. More osteoclast-like cells were formed from the calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow cells than from normal cells. 3. Formation of osteoclast-like cells was significantly stimulated by TNF-α in normal mouse bone marrow cells and calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow cells at concentration of l0ng/ml and 100ng/ml. 4. Osteoblast cell line(MC3T3E1) did not play an important role in osteoclast-like cell formation. 5. Formation of the osteoclast-like cells from the mononuclear cells which were collected from PTH-pretreated mouse bone marrow cells was similar to that of calcium-deficient mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells, which suggests that the effect of calcium deficiency in osteoclast formation may be mediated by PTH.

인공 석회화 기질의 개발 및 파골세포에 의한 기질흡수에 관한 연구

김현만,박주철,임도선,박수진,김윤지,고재승 대한구강해부학회 1997 대한구강해부학회지 Vol.21 No.1

To develop artificial matrix resorbable by osteoclasts can be used as a model system that biological function of osteoclasts would be assayed in vitro in a standardized condition instead of using heterogenous bone or dentin slices. The present study developed artificial substrates consisted of apatite crystals. collagen gen. agar, apatite crystals under collagen film, mixture of apatite crystals and collagen, and mixture of agar and apatite crystals. And osteoclastic attachement and resorption activity on the each substrate was assayed in vitro. Osteoclasts attached to apatite crystals, collagen, mixture of apatite crystals and collagen, and mixture of apatite crystals and agar, however, not to agar. This suggested that apatite crystals and collagen should be exposed on the surface of artificial substrate where osteoclasts can attach. Osteoclasts attached to the substrate resorbed the substrate consisted of apatite crystals, mixture of apatite crysals and collagen, and apatite crystals under thin film of collagen, however, not of collagen, mixture of apatite crystals and agar. This suggested that the first phase of osteoclasts in resorbing matrix is to secrete acid and the end result of this phase, whatever it may be, may activate secretion of hydrolytic enzymes specific to organic components.

Feature point classification based global motion estimation for video stabilization

Seung-Kyun Kim,Seok-Jae Kang,Tae-Shick Wang,Sung-Jea Ko IEEE 2013 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS - Vol.59 No.1

<P>The performance of video stabilization is dependent on the accuracy of global motion estimation between two successive frames. In this paper, we propose a novel method to estimate the global motion accurately using the classified background (BG) feature points (FPs). In the proposed method, global motion estimation and FP classification are jointly performed using both the FP correspondences and the global motion parameters of the previous frame. The experimental results show that video stabilization using the proposed method outperforms the conventional stabilization methods, especially when the moving foreground (FG) objects occupy a large part of the image.</P>

Sharpness Enhancement of Stereo Images Using Binocular Just-Noticeable Difference

Seung-Won Jung,Jae-Yun Jeong,Sung-Jea Ko IEEE 2012 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING - Vol.21 No.3

<P>In this paper, we propose a new sharpness enhancement algorithm for stereo images. Although the stereo image and its applications are becoming increasingly prevalent, there has been very limited research on specialized image enhancement solutions for stereo images. Recently, a binocular just-noticeable-difference (BJND) model that describes the sensitivity of the human visual system to luminance changes in stereo images has been presented. We introduce a novel application of the BJND model for the sharpness enhancement of stereo images. To this end, an overenhancement problem in the sharpness enhancement of stereo images is newly addressed, and an efficient solution for reducing the overenhancement is proposed. The solution is found within an optimization framework with additional constraint terms to suppress the unnecessary increase in luminance values. In addition, the reliability of the BJND model is taken into account by estimating the accuracy of stereo matching. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can provide sharpness-enhanced stereo images without producing excessive distortion.</P>

Video Surveillance System using Stereo Cameras for Indoor Environment

Seung-Kyun Kim,Woong-Chang Kim,Kang-A Choi,Seung-Won Jung,Sung-Jea Ko 대한전자공학회 2010 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1

The video surveillance system is adopted in many places due to its efficiency and constancy in monitoring a specific area over a long period of time. However, many surveillance systems composed of a single static camera are not sufficient to fulfill that role perfectly due to their lack of field of view. In this paper, we present a video surveillance system based on wide baseline stereo cameras to overcome the limitation. The experimental results show that the proposed system detects a moving object and generates a top view trajectory successfully to track the location of the object in the world coordinates.