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시간 스트레스와 레저활동의 가용성이 청소년의 레저권태감에 미치는 영향
손대현,박희은 한양대학교 사회과학대학 2002 社會科學論叢 Vol.21 No.-
This study started from a questioning about the long pervasive belief that leisure boredom is the matter of the availability of time and activities which individuals might participate in. To investigate the influence of time and leisure activity availability on leisure boredom, adolescents, specifically high-school students in Korea were chosen as the research population since leisure is critical in their developmental stage and they are one of the distinctive groups who suffer from considerably high time stress and low availability of leisure opportunities. The statistical analysis with 337 sample showed that there are significant differences between male and female students in both leisure boredom and perceived liesure activity availability. Following simple regression analysis showed that there's no significant influence of the time stress on the leisure boredom, but perceived availability of the leisure activities exerted a significant linear effect on the leisure boredom. Based on the existing studies, the result could be interpreted as first, time stress isn't an actual constructing factor of leisure boredom and second, leisure boredom of adolescents man be alleviated or prevented by developing leisure facilities or programs and providing the information about the available leisure opportunities.
손대현,장서희 한국문화관광학회 2000 문화관광연구 Vol.2 No.1
This study was undertaken to present the cultural tourism merchandising for homestay. For the first time, it gives a redefinition of the word 'the homestay and forms a concept of the homestay product. In the cultural aspect, benchmarking is used to highlight critical success factors and develops systems to improve attainment of them which will fit the specific operation. The study also develops a useful process of cultural tourism merchandise for homestay. Totally, these valuable methods like benchmarking and conceptualizing are available for the homestay merchandising. The benchmarking of korean homestays involve comparison with American and Japanes homestays. The homestay successful factor, 'theme' results from this comparison. So the concept of 'Jeasekbulllie' and 'guesthouse' developed in this study is basically 'Sarangbang'. Son Dae-hyun(1998) suggests that the typical korean homestay originate from 'the Sarangbang' in the time of 'Chosun'. Divided into tangible and intangible part of 'the Sarangbang', 'Jeasekbullie' and 'guesthouse' are applied to two part, respectively. In detail, the theme of 'Jeasekbullie' is 'the traditional building constructed by a famous architect' and that of 'guesthouse' is 'the personal interaction and private atmosphere'.
공허안 증후군을 동반한 양측성 거대결절성 부신피질 과증식에 의한 쿠싱 증후군 1 예
이경미,김진안,이현철,이은직,김경래,정윤석,정우희,신은택,원욱희,김기황,이희대,허갑범 대한내분비학회 1993 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.8 No.2
ACTH-dependent bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, Known as Cushing's disease, accounts for 60-70% of the cases of Cushing's syndrome. In about 30-40% of patients, manifestations of Cushing's syndrome occur independently of pituitary ACTH secretion due to either ectopic ACTH production or an adrenocortical adenoma or carcinoma. Another rere cause of Cushing's syndrome, also independent of ACTH, is so-called primary adrenocortical nodular dysplasia, in which adjacent areas of the adrenal cortex are atropic. The term bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia(MNH) is restricted to the presence of multiple nodules visible to the naked eye and often more than 0.4cm in diameter. Its pathogenesis is still unknown. This report describes a patient with Cushing's syndrome due to ACTH - independenilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia associated with empty sella syndrome. A 63-year- old woman presented with Cushingoid features, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyspnea and chest pain. Urinary free cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion were 350ug/day and 10.9 mg/day, respectively. Urinary free cortisol didn't decrease after administration of dexamethasone (low and high dose). Plasma ACTH was 4.2pg/ml. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the sella turcica revealed complete cisternal hernation, suggesting empty sells syndrome. Bilateral total adrenalectomy was perfomed. The right adrenal gland weighed 11 gm and contained two nodules and their sizes are 2.5cm, and 1 cm. The left adrenal gland showed all the features of odular hyperlasia with a 1.5 cm nodule. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged to be treated with replacement steroids. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 8: 203~210, 1993)
Ionic Liquid Designed for PEDOT:PSS Conductivity Enhancement
de Izarra, Ambroise,Park, Seongjin,Lee, Jinhee,Lansac, Yves,Jang, Yun Hee American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.16
<P>Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a water-processable conducting polymer with promise for use in transparent flexible electrodes and thermoelectric devices, but its conductivity is not satisfactory. Its low conductivity is attributed to the formation of hydrophilic/insulating PSS outer layers encapsulating the conducting/hydrophobic <I>p</I>-doped PEDOT cores. Recently a significant conductivity enhancement has been achieved by adding ionic liquid (IL). It is believed that ion exchange between PEDOT:PSS and IL components helps PEDOT to decouple from PSS and to grow into large-scale conducting domains, but the exact mechanism is still under debate. Here we show through free energy calculations using density functional theory on a minimal model that the most efficient IL pairs are the least tightly bound ones with the lowest binding energies, which would lead to the most efficient ion exchange with PEDOT:PSS. This spontaneous ion exchange followed by nanophase segregation between PEDOT and PSS, with formation of a π-stacked PEDOT aggregate decorated by IL anions, is also supported by molecular dynamics performed on larger PEDOT:PSS models in solution. We also show that the most efficient IL anions would sustain the highest amount of charge carriers uniformly distributed along the PEDOT backbone to further enhance the conductivity, providing that they remain in the PEDOT domain after the ion exchange. Hence, our design principle is that the high-performance IL should induce not only an efficient ion exchange with PEDOT:PSS to improve the PEDOT morphology (to increase mobility) but also a uniform high-level <I>p</I>-doping of PEDOT (to enhance intrinsic conductivity). Based on this principle, a promising (electron-withdrawing, but bulky, soft, and hydrophobic) new IL pair is proposed.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
de la Cruz, Joseph Flores,Vergara, Emil Joseph Sanvictores,Cho, Yura,Hong, Hee Ok,Oyungerel, Baatartsogt,Hwang, Seong Gu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18
Glehnia littoralis (GL) is widely used as an oriental medicine for cough, fever, stroke and other disease conditions. However, the anti-cancer properties of GL on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells have not been investigated. In order to elucidate anti-cancer properties and underlying cell death mechanisms, MCF-7cells ($5{\times}10^4/well$) were treated with Glehnia littoralis root extract at 0-400 ug/ml. A hot water extract of GL root inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the cell cycle after treatment of MCF-7 cells with increasing concentrations of GL root extract for 24 hours showed significant cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis both revealed that GL root extract significantly increased the expression of p21 and p27 with an accompanying decrease in both CDK4 and cyclin D1. Our reuslts indicated that GL root extract arrested the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in G1 phase through inhibition of CDK4 and cyclin D1 via increased induction of p21 and p27. In summary, the current study showed that GL could serve as a potential source of chemotherapeutic or chemopreventative agents against human breast cancer.
de la Peñ,a, June Bryan,Ahsan, Hafiz Muhammad,dela Peñ,a, Irene Joy,Park, Hyun Bin,Kim, Hee Jin,Sohn, Aeree,Kim, Yun Tai,Cheong, Jae Hoon Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2014 The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse Vol.40 No.4
<P><I>Background</I>: Propofol and the tiletamine-zolazepam combination are anesthetics with both sedative-hypnotic and hallucinogenic effects. In South Korea, propofol is controlled while the tiletamine-zolazepam combination is not. Thus, there is a possibility that this drug combination might be used as a substitute drug by propofol-abusers. <I>Objective</I>: In the present study we evaluated whether repeated pre-exposure to propofol predisposes to the use/abuse of the tiletamine-zolazepam combination. <I>Methods</I>: Rats (8-10 animals/group) were pre-treated with saline (control) or propofol at different dosages (10, 30, 60 mg/kg, i.p.), for 14 days, then conditioned place preference (CPP) and self-administration (SA) for the tiletamine-zolazepam combination were evaluated. <I>Results</I>: Rats pretreated with saline exhibited neither CPP nor SA for the tiletamine-zolazepam combination. On the other hand, rats pretreated with propofol, in all dosages, demonstrated significant CPP and SA for the tiletamine-zolazepam combination. <I>Conclusion</I>: These results suggest that tiletamine-zolazepam combinations might be used as a “substitute drug” by abusers of propofol. The careful use, dispensation, and monitoring of tiletamine-zolazepam combinations are advocated.</P>