Age-Associated Changes in the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice

Yoon, Hye Eun,Kim, Eun Nim,Kim, Min Young,Lim, Ji Hee,Jang, In-Ae,Ban, Tae Hyun,Shin, Seok Joon,Park, Cheol Whee,Chang, Yoon Sik,Choi, Bum Soon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2016 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. This study evaluated whether the change in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with arterial aging in mice.<I> Methods</I>. Histologic changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-<I>β</I> (TGF-<I>β</I>), collagen IV,<I> fibronectin</I>, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), prorenin receptor (PRR), Mas receptor (MasR), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 2 and oxidase 4 (Nox2 and Nox4), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<I> 3-nitrotyrosine</I>, and superoxide dismutase 1 and dismutase 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) were measured in the thoracic aortas from 2-month-old, 12-month-old, and 24-month-old C57/BL6 mice.<I> Results</I>. Twenty-four-month-old mice showed significantly increased aortic media thickness and expressions of TGF-<I>β</I>, collagen IV, and fibronectin, compared to 2-month-old and 12-month-old mice. The expressions of PRR, ACE, and Ang II, and AT1R-positive area significantly increased, whereas expressions of ACE2 and MasR and AT2R-positive area decreased with age. The expressions of phosphorylated serine<SUP>1177</SUP>-eNOS, SOD1, and SOD2 decreased, and the 8-OHdG-positive area and the 3-nitrotyrosine-positive area increased with age. The expression of Nox2 significantly increased with age, but that of Nox4 did not change.<I> Conclusions</I>. The enhanced PRR-ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and reduced ACE2-MasR axis were associated with arterial aging in mice. </P>

실험적 진폐증에서 투여약제에 따른 면역학적 병리학적 조직변화

윤임중,임현우,노영만,오상용,정장영,임영,김경아 가톨릭 대학 산업의학 쎈타 산업의학연구소 1993 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.32 No.2

To access the effects of some drugs such as piperazine phosphare, azathioprine and allopurinol in the experimental pneumoconiosis, 263 rats weighted 240-320 gm was divided into the control and eight experimental groups. To each group, the turbid solution mixed free silica, talc and natural coal dust of 50 mg in 0.8 ml saline were instilled intratracheally. At the begining and 5th week of experiment, piperazine phosphate(8mg/week orally), aspirin(1.5mg/day intramuscularly), azathioprine(25mg/day orally) and allopurinol(1.5mg/day orally) were administered simultaneously, while the dust turbid solution was only given to the control group. For each group the change of body weight. dry right lung weight, cellularity including total cell, macrophage, lymphocyte and neurtrophil in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, superoxide ion, hydroxyproline, leukotriene B₄, tumor necrotsis factor, prostaglandin E₂were examined, and observed the pathological chages in lung tissue. The results were as follow : 1. The larger amount of their instilled dust and the longer observation period, the severer pathological findings were found in the lung tissue of each experimental group. 2. The body and dry right lung wight was not significantly changed in the experimental groups compared with the control group. 3. The number of total cell in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was markedly less in the experimental group than the control one, while no significant difference was found in the percent alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes in both groups. However, the percent of neutrophiles was usually lower than in the control group. 4. The amount of superoxide ion was frequently less in the experimental group compared with the control one. 5. The amount of hydroxyproline was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control one. 6. The amount of leukotriene B₄was usually less in the drug administered group than in the control one. 7. The amount of tumor necrotic factor was also frequently lower in each experimental group than in the control one. 8. The amount of prostaglandin E₂was usually higher in each experimental group than in the control one.

반하후박탕(半夏厚朴湯) 추출물이 생쥐에 유발된 심리적 스트레스에 미치는 영향

임세현 ( Se Hyun Lim ),정현윤 ( Hyun Yun Jeong ),원호영 ( Ho Young Won ),김형우 ( Hyung Woo Kim ),최창원 ( Chang Won Choi ),정향숙 ( Hyang Sook Jeong ),김영균 ( Young Gyun Kim ),조수인 ( Su In Cho4 ) 대한본초학회 2012 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

Objective : Banhahubak-tang is indicated for globus hystericus, marked by a subjective sensation as if something stuffed in the throat, chest distress, cough or vomiting, greasy whitish, taut and smooth pulse. In this study, the effects of Banhahubak-Tang extract (BHTe) were tested for anti-stress action. Methods : BHTe was extracted by pure water using electronic extractor and then fed to ICR male mice (20±2g) orally with the dose of 100㎎/㎏/day for five days. Mice were exposed to sociopsychological stress by restraining and seeing foot shock stressed mice for one hour for five days. Results : BHTe administered group showed a tendency of decreasing of serum corticosterone secretion when compared with control group, and BHTe administration also significantly up-regulated noradrenaline secretions in the dorsal cortex of brain. Lipid peroxidation of the brain tissues of mice were tested by measuring malondialdehyde, but BHTe showed no significant change. The elevated plus-maze test was designed to detect the effect of anxiolytic drugs, and BHTe administered group showed a significant increase of latency time. Conclusions : These results suggest that BHTe can effectively rid the psychological stress and it`s related diseases.

수술 전 이하선 종괴의 위치파악에 이용하는 해부학적 경계표의 유용도

임치영(Chi Young Lim),김국진(Kook Jin Kim),임성주(Sung Ju Lim),이잔디(Jan dee Lee),남기현(Kee Hyun Nam),장항석(Hang Seok Chang),정웅윤(Woong Youn Chung),최홍식(Hong Shik Choi),박정수(Cheong Soo Park) 대한두경부종양학회 2006 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Background: The location of parotid gland tumors can influence the duration and the difficulty of the operation. If the information about tumor location was available preoperatively, it would allow accurate operative planning and counseling of patients in terms of the length of the operation and the potential morbidity. Methods: This study was based on a retrospective review of 100 patients with parotid gland tumors underwent parotidectomy from January 2000 to October 2005 at Yong-Dong Severance Hospital. Based on computed tomographic(CT) scan findings, 4 landmarks such as facial nerve(FN) line, Utrecht(U) line, Conn's are(CA), and retromandibular vein (RV) were drawn on the scans in same plane. The location of tumors were determined by the landmarks and confirmed by the operative findings. The accuracy of each landmarks was evaluated. To find out the accuracies according to tumor size, the tumors were divided into 2 groups; less than 2 cm and larger than 2 cm in diameter. Results: U line was the most accurate(94%), sensitive(89.3%) and specific(97.7%) in predicting tumor location of the parotid gland. However, in small tumors less than 2cm, FN line (p=0.022) and RV criteria (p=0.028) were more reliable in accuracy. Conclusion: CA, FN line, U line, and RV are all useful landmarks in preoperative prediction for the location of parotid gland tumors. However, U line was the most accurate, but we must consider that proper landmark should be used in prediction according to the size of tumor because the accuracy of landmark may change.

대퇴골 전자간 골절의 압박나사못 고정술 치료에서의 원위 골절부 위치의 중요성

라종득,박현수,박영봉,임창석,김승우 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Cerebral vascular burden on hippocampal subfields in first-onset drug-naïve subjects with late-onset depression

Choi, Woo Hee,Jung, Won Sang,Um, Yoo Hyun,Lee, Chang Uk,Park, Young Ha,Lim, Hyun Kook Elsevier 2017 Journal of affective disorders Vol.208 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Although there is substantial evidence of associations between frontal-striatal circuits and cerebral vascular burden in late-onset depression (LOD), relationships between vascular burden and hippocampal subfields are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between cerebral vascular burden and hippocampal subfield volume in LOD patients.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Fifty subjects with LOD and 50 group-matched healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Hippocampal subfields volumes were measured and compared between the groups. In addition, association patterns between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, clinical measures and hippocampal subfield volumes were investigated in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Subjects with LOD exhibited significant hippocampal volume reductions in the total hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and 3 and dentate gyrus (DG) areas compared with healthy subjects. Total WMH volume was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group.</P> <P><B>Limitation</B></P> <P>Our findings of distinctive relationships between WMH and hippocampal subfields demonstrate a simple correlation, but do not prove causation</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. These structural changes in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG areas might be at the core of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of hippocampal dysfunction in LOD. However, longitudinal studies will be needed to identify the mechanisms of these structural changes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This study is the first to elaborate distinctive association patterns between hippocampal subfield volumes and cerebral vascular burden in LOD. </LI> <LI> White matter hyperintensity was negatively correlated with left total hippocampal volume and CA1 in the LOD group. </LI> <LI> In addition, depression severity was negatively associated with left and right CA3 volumes in the LOD group. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of epidural corticosteroid injection on magnetic resonance imaging findings

( Min Soo Kim ),( Tae Yoon Jeong ),( Yu Seon Cheong ),( Young Wook Jeon ),( So Young Lim ),( Seong Sik Kang ),( In Nam Kim ),( Tsong Bin Chang ),( Hyun Ho Seong ),( Byeong Mun Hwang ) 대한통증학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.30 No.4

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is the preferred diagnostic tool for pathologic conditions affecting the spine. However, in patients receiving epidural corticosteroid injection (ESI) for treatment of spinal diseases, there is a possibility of misreading of MR images because of air or fluid in the epidural space after the injection. Therefore, we defined the characteristics of abnormal changes in MRI findings following an ESI in patients with low back pain. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 133 patients who underwent MRI of the lumbar spine within 7 days after ESI between 2006 and 2015.All patients were administered an ESI using a 22-gauge Tuohy needle at the lumbar spine through the interlaminar approach. The epidural space was identified by the loss of resistance technique with air. Results: The incidences of abnormal changes in MRI findings because of ESI were 54%, 31%, and 25% in patients who underwent MRI at approximately 24 h, and 2 and 3 days after ESI, respectively. Abnormal MRI findings included epidural air or fluid, needle tracks, and soft tissue changes. Epidural air, the most frequent abnormal finding (82%), was observed in 41% of patients who underwent MRI within 3 days after injection. Abnormal findings due to an ESI were not observed in MR images acquired 4 days after ESI or later. Conclusions: Pain physicians should consider the possibility of abnormal findings in MR images acquired after epidural injection using the interlaminar approach and the loss of resistance technique with air at the lumbar spine. (Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 281-6)

간편 간접추론방법 퍼지 제어기를 이용한 2×2 상호 결합공정 제어에 관한 연구

임재춘,채창현,고택범,류창렬 금오공과대학교 산업기술개발연구원 2000 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This paper describes the design of SIIM (Simplified Indirect Inference Method) fuzzy controller and decoupling filter for 2x2 interacting process. The overall system for Two-Input Two-output(TITO) interacting processes consist of two fuzzy SISO PID controllers and 4 decoupling filter elements. The proposed fuzzy controller preserves the simple linear structure of its conventional counterpart, but has nonconstant gains, which enhances its self-tuning control capability, thereby significantly improves tracking control performance. The fuzzification, control-rule execution and defuzzification routines are so simple that the proposed controller has the ability of high speed inference and to adapt the increase of fuzzy inputs. The proposed fuzzy control system with three types decoupling filters are tested in tow types of 2x2 interaction processes. All computer simulation results have demonstrated superior to the control performance of the one proposed by K.A Toh et al.

SM45C강의 Tempering 온도 변화에 따른 상온 및 300℃에서의 피로균열전파특성

장천수,김현철,임병수 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.2

The effect of micros tructural and tempering temperature change on ΔK_th has been investigated at room temperature and 300℃ For the experiments, using SM4OC steel, specimens of different grain sizes, spacings between ΔK_th particles and tempering temperatures were prepared. Some of the conclusions obtained are as follows ; 1. ΔK_th values were greater at 300℃ when compared with those at room temperature and the crack growth rate decreased as test temperature increased. 2. ΔK_th was observed to increase with tempering temperature. However, ΔK_th value of 450℃ tempered specimen was very low, which is believed to be the result of Tempered Martensite Embrittlement(T.M.E.).

리스페리돈과 올란자핀이 투여된 정신과 환자들에서 간 효소 변화에 대한 후?적 연구

임현국,배치운,박석준,김정진,이창욱,이수정,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.3