Plastic hinge length of circular reinforced concrete columns

Yu-Chen Ou,Raditya Andy Kurniawan,Dimas Pramudya Kurniawan,Nguyen Dang Nguyen 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2012 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.10 No.6

This paper presents a parametric study of the plastic hinge length of circular reinforced concrete columns using a three-dimensional finite element analysis method, and using the Taguchi robust design method to reduce computational cost. Parameters examined include the longitudinal reinforcing ratio, the shear span-to-depth ratio, the axial force ratio and the concrete compressive strength. The study considers longitudinal reinforcement with yield strengths of 414 MPa and 685 MPa, and proposes simplified formulas for the plastic hinge length of circular reinforced concrete columns, showing that increases in plastic hinge length correlate to increases in the axial load, longitudinal reinforcing and shear span-todepth ratios. As concrete strength increases, the plastic hinge length decreases for the 414 MPa case but increases for the 685 MPa case.

Medication adherence in inflammatory bowel disease

( Webber Chan ),( Andy Chen ),( Darren Tiao ),( Christian Selinger ),( Rupert Leong ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.4

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory condition with intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. Medications are the cornerstone of treatment of IBD. However, patients often adhere to medication poorly. Adherence to medications is defined as the process by which patients take their medications as prescribed. Treatment non-adherence is a common problem among chronic diseases, averaging 50% in developed countries and is even poorer in developing countries. In this review, we will examine the adherence data in IBD which vary greatly depending on the study population, route of administration, and methods of adherence measurement used. We will also discuss the adverse clinical outcomes related to non-adherence to medical treatment including increased disease activity, flares, loss of response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy, and so forth. There are many methods to measure medication adherence namely direct and indirect methods, each with their advantages and drawbacks. Finally, we will explore different intervention strategies to improve adherence to medications. (Intest Res 2017;15:434-445)

Medication non-adherence in inflammatory bowel diseases is associated with disability

( Jonathan Perry ),( Andy Chen ),( Viraj Kariyawasam ),( Glen Collins ),( Chee Choong ),( Wei Ling Teh ),( Nikola Mitrev ),( Friedbert Kohler ),( Rupert Wing Loong Leong ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4

Background/Aims: Medication non-adherence is common in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The short-term consequences of non-adherence include increased disease relapse but the long-term impact upon patients in terms of daily functional impairment are less well characterized. Identifying negative outcomes, such as disability, may encourage adherence. Methods: Consecutive ambulatory IBD subjects completed the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS; non-adherence defined as ≤16), Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Disability Index (IBD-DI; disability: <3.5) and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (high necessity/concerns: ≥16). The primary outcome was the association between medication non-adherence and disability. Secondary outcomes were the predictors of these outcomes. Results: A total of 173 subjects on IBD maintenance medications were recruited (98 Crohn’s disease, 75 ulcerative colitis: median IBD-DI, -5.0; interquartile range [IQR], -14.0 to 4.0 and median MARS, 19.0; IQR, 18 to 20) of whom 24% were non-adherent. Disability correlated significantly with medication non-adherence (r=0.38, P<0.0001). Median IBD-DI for non-adherers was significantly lower than adherers (-16.0 vs. -2.0, P<0.0001). Predictors of disability included female sex (P=0.002), previous hospitalization (P=0.023), management in a referral hospital clinic (P=0.008) and medication concerns (P<0.0001). Non-adherence was independently associated with difficulty managing bowel movements (odds ratio [OR], 3.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50-9.16, P=0.005), rectal bleeding (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.14-6.36; P=0.024) and arthralgia/arthritis (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.11-5.92; P=0.028). Conclusions: Medication non-adherence was associated with significantly increased disability in IBD. Female gender, higher disease severity and medication concerns were additional predictors of disability. (Intest Res 2018;16:571-578)

STEPSTONE: An Intelligent Integration Architecture for Personal Tele-Health

Helal, Sumi,Bose, Raja,Chen, Chao,Smith, Andy,De Deugd, Scott,Cook, Diane Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2011 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.3

STEPSTONE is a joint industry-university project to create open source technology that would enable the scalable, "friction-free" integration of device-based healthcare solutions into enterprise systems using a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Specifically, STEPSTONE defines a first proposal to a Service Oriented Device Architecture (SODA) framework, and provides for initial reference implementations. STEPSTONE also intends to encourage a broad community effort to further develop the framework and its implementations. In this paper, we present SODA, along with two implementation proposals of SODA's device integration. We demonstrate the ease by which SODA was used to develop an end-to-end personal healthcare monitoring system. We also demonstrate the ease by which the STEPSTONE system was extended by other participants - Washington State University - to include additional devices and end user interfaces. We show clearly how SODA and therefore SODA devices make integration almost automatic, replicable, and scalable. This allows telehealth system developers to focus their energy and attention on the system functionality and other important issues, such as usability, privacy, persuasion and outcome assessment studies.

STEPSTONE : An Intelligent Integration Architecture for Personal Tele-Health

Sumi Helal,Raja Bose,Chao Chen,Andy Smith,Scott de Deugd,Diane Cook 한국정보과학회 2011 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.5 No.3

STEPSTONE is a joint industry-university project to create open source technology that would enable the scalable, “friction-free” integration of device-based healthcare solutions into enterprise systems using a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Specifically, STEPSTONE defines a first proposal to a Service Oriented Device Architecture (SODA) framework, and provides for initial reference implementations. STEPSTONE also intends to encourage a broad community effort to further develop the framework and its implementations. In this paper, we present SODA, along with two implementation proposals of SODA’ device integration. We demonstrate the ease by which SODA was used to develop an end-to-end personal healthcare monitoring system. We also demonstrate the ease by which the STEPSTONE system was extended by other participants ?Washington State University ?to include additional devices and end user interfaces. We show clearly how SODA and therefore SODA devices make integration almost automatic, replicable, and scalable. This allows telehealth system developers to focus their energy and attention on the system functionality and other important issues, such as usability, privacy, persuasion and outcome assessment studies.

SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). II. Structural Properties and Near-infrared Morphologies of Faint Submillimeter Galaxies

Chang, Yu-Yen,Ferraro, Nicholas,Wang, Wei-Hao,Lim, Chen-Fatt,Toba, Yoshiki,An, Fangxia,Chen, Chian-Chou,Smail, Ian,Shim, Hyunjin,Ao, Yiping,Bunker, Andy,Conselice, Christopher J.,Cowley, William,da Cu American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.865 No.2

The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The Magnetic Field Strength in the Orion A Filament

Pattle, Kate,Ward-Thompson, Derek,Berry, David,Hatchell, Jennifer,Chen, Huei-Ru,Pon, Andy,Koch, Patrick M.,Kwon, Woojin,Kim, Jongsoo,Bastien, Pierre,Cho, Jungyeon,Coudé,, Simon,Di Francesco, Jam American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.846 No.2

<P>We determine the magnetic field strength in the OMC. 1 region of the Orion A filament via a new implementation of the Chandrasekhar-Fermi method using observations performed as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) B-Fields In Star-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey with the POL-2 instrument. We combine BISTRO data with archival SCUBA-2 and HARP observations to find a plane-of-sky magnetic field strength in OMC. 1 of B-pos= 6.6 +/- 4.7 mG, where delta B-pos = 4.7 mG represents a predominantly systematic uncertainty. We develop a new method for measuring angular dispersion, analogous to unsharp masking. We find a magnetic energy density of similar to 1.7 x 10(-7) J m(-3) in OMC. 1, comparable both to the gravitational potential energy density of OMC 1 (similar to 10(-7) J m(-3)) and to the energy density in the Orion BN/KL outflow (similar to 10(-7) J m(-3)). We find that neither the Alfven velocity in OMC. 1 nor the velocity of the super-Alfvenic outflow ejecta is sufficiently large for the BN/KL outflow to have caused large-scale distortion of the local magnetic field in the similar to 500 yr lifetime of the outflow. Hence, we propose that the hourglass field morphology in OMC. 1 is caused by the distortion of a primordial cylindrically symmetric magnetic field by the gravitational fragmentation of the filament and/or the gravitational interaction of the BN/KL and S clumps. We find that OMC. 1 is currently in or near magnetically supported equilibrium, and that the current large-scale morphology of the BN/KL outflow is regulated by the geometry of the magnetic field in OMC 1, and not vice versa.</P>