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Zeenat Arif,Naresh Kumar Sethy,Lata Kumari,Pradeep Kumar Mishra,Bhawna Verma 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.7
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/TiO2 composite ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated using different loadings of TiO2 NPs synthesized by the green route using an extract of Cajanus cajan. XRD analysis confirmed the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles of size 10 nm using Debye Scherrer’s equation. High hydrophobicity of PVDF restricts its successful application due to fouling in the membrane. Therefore, composite membranes were prepared via the phase inversion route and characterized by contact angle and permeation tests. The BSA filtration experiments revealed that membrane with 0.5 wt% of TiO2 exhibits excellent hydrophilicity, permeation flux, high rejection ratio, and good antifouling performance. It was observed that the fouling characteristic of the membrane is governed by the surface roughness of the membrane, and with increasing loading of TiO2 the surface roughness decreases indirectly enhancing the antifouling property of membranes. The adsorption capacity of bovine serum albumin on the membrane surface decreased from 2.85 to 2.15mg cm2 as the TiO2 loading increased from 0 to 0.02 g TiO2/g PVDF. Fouling was found due to cake formation in ultrafiltration and can be explained by Hermia’s fouling model suggesting that the solutes are not deposited into the pores, which indicates that the fouling process is physically reversible.
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Lila, Zeenat Ara,Mohammed, Nazimuddin,Kanda, Shuhei,Kurihara, Mitsunori,Itabashi, Hisao Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sarsaponin on methane production, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestion and blood metabolites using three Holstein steers in a 3${\times}$3 Latin Square design. The steers were fed Sudangrass hay plus concentrate mixture at a ratio 1.5:1 twice daily, and sarsaponin (0, 0.5 and 1% of DM), which was given at 09:00 and 17:00 h daily by mixing with concentrate. Rumen samples were collected 0, 2, and 5 h after morning dosing. Ruminal pH was numerically decreased and numbers of protozoa were decreased linearly (p<0.01) by treatment. Ruminal ammonia-N was reduced (linear; p<0.05) and total VFA was increased (quadratic; p<0.05) at 2 and 5 h after sarsaponin dosing. The molar proportion of acetate was decreased (quadratic; p<0.05) and propionate was increased (linear; p<0.01) at all sampling times. Blood plasma glucose was increased and urea-N was decreased (linear; p<0.05) at 2 and 5 h after dosing. Methane was decreased by approximately 12.7% (linear; p<0.05). The apparent digestibility of DM and NDF were decreased (quadratic; p<0.05) and that of CP remained unchanged due to the sarsaponin. The numbers of cellulolytic bacteria were decreased (quadratic; p<0.05), while numbers of total viable bacteria remained unchanged due to the sarsaponin. These results show that sarsaponin can partially inhibit rumen methanogenesis in vivo and improve ruminal fermentation, which supports our previous in vitro results.
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Abhishek K. Singh,Zeenat Parween,Mriganka S. Chaki,Shruti Mahto 국제구조공학회 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.22 No.3
This present study investigates Love-type wave propagation in composite structure consists of a loosely bonded functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) stratum lying over a functionally graded initially-stressed fibre-reinforced material (FGIFM) substrate. The closed-form expressions of the dispersion relation have been obtained analytically for both the cases of electrically open and electrically short conditions. Some special cases of the problem have also been studied and the obtained results are found in well-agreement with the classical Love wave equation. The emphatic influence of wave number, bonding parameter associated with bonding of stratum with substrate of the composite structure, piezoelectric coefficient as well as dielectric constant of the piezoelectric stratum, horizontal initial stresses, and functional gradedness of the composite structure on the phase velocity of Love-type wave has been reported and illustrated through numerical computation along with graphical demonstration in both the cases of electrically open and electrically short condition for the reinforced and reinforced-free composite structure. Comparative study has been carried out to analyze the distinct cases associated with functional gradedness of the composite structure and also various cases which reveals the influence of piezoelectricity, reinforcement and horizontal initial stress acting in the composite structure, and bonding of the stratum and substrate of the composite structure in context of the present problem which serves as one of the major highlights of the study.
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송민철,정수빈,강세령,zeenat jabin,유수웅,민정준,범희승,조상건,김자혜,송호천,권성영 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.4
Purpose Thyroglobulin (Tg) may be released from damaged residual thyroid tissues after radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy inpatients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). We investigated whether altered levels of serum Tg after recombinanthuman thyrotropin (rhTSH)-aided RAI therapy could be a prognostic marker in patients with DTC. Methods We evaluated 68 patients who underwent RAI therapy after total thyroidectomy. Serum Tg levels were measured justbefore RAI administration (D0Tg) and 7 days after RAI therapy (D7Tg). Patients with a D0Tg level greater than 2.0 ng/mL wereexcluded to more precisely evaluate the injury effect of RAI in small remnant tissues. The ratioTg was defined as the D7Tg leveldivided by that on D0Tg. The therapeutic responses were classified as acceptable or non-acceptable. Finally, we investigatedwhich clinicopathologic parameters were associated with therapeutic response. Results At the follow-up examination, an acceptable response was observed in 50 patients (73.5%). Univariate analysis revealedsignificant differences in N stage (P = 0.003) and ratioTg (acceptable vs. non-acceptable responses, 21.9 ± 33.6 vs. 3.8 ± 6.5; P =0.006). In multivariate analysis, only ratioTg significantly predicted an acceptable response (odds ratio 1.104; 95% confidenceinterval 1.005–1.213; P = 0.040). A ratioTg above 3.5 predicted an acceptable response with a sensitivity of 66.0%, specificity of83.3%, and accuracy of 70.6% (area under the curve = 0.718; P = 0.006). Conclusions Altered levels of serum Tg after RAI therapy, calculated as the ratioTg (D7Tg/D0Tg), significantly predicted anacceptable response in patients with DTC.
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Md. Akhlaquer Rahman,Zeenat Ara Lila,Arshad Hussain 한국약제학회 2012 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.42 No.4
Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors used as major therapeutic advances in psychiatry and is drug of choice for treatment of major depressive disorders. The drug (free base) encounters problem of poor aqueous solubility and vulnerability to enzymatic degradation in liver. The hydrochloride salts of free base revert back to its original form in gastrointestinal tract leading to slow/poor absorption. In the current study, sertraline loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS)were prepared in an attempt to circumvent the problems associated with poor aqueous solubility, vulnerability to enzymatic degradation in liver and to sort out the problems associated with salt formation. Preliminary screening was carried out to select proper ingredient combinations. Ternary phase diagrams were then constructed and an optimum system was designated. Formulations selected were then compared for optimization. The systems were assessed for robustness, globule size, cloud point, percentage transmittance, surface morphology and drug release. An optimum system composed of oil (25.42 %), surfactant (49.72 %), and co-surfactant (24.86 %). It possessed a mean globule size, cloud point and percentage transmittance of 63.5 nm, 90 C and 82.43 %, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated spherical particle morphology. The drug release from the selected formulation was significantly higher than other SNEDDS and drug suspension as well. Optimized formulation was subjected to stability studies at different temperature and relative humidity and was found to be stable. No significant variations were observed in the formulation over a period of 3 months at accelerated conditions.
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Cho, Sang-Geon,Jabin, Zeenat,Park, Ki Seong,Kim, Jahae,Kang, Sae-Ryung,Kwon, Seong Young,Jeong, Geum-Cheol,Song, Minchul,Kim, Jong Sang,Cho, Jae Yeong,Kim, Hyun Kuk,Song, Ho-Chun,Min, Jung-Joon,Bom, H Springer-Verlag 2017 European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Vol.44 No.2
<P>LVMD measured by GMPS showed added prognostic value in acute MI with multivessel disease. GMPS could serve as a comprehensive evaluation imaging tool in patients with acute MI and multivessel disease.</P>
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Singh, Abhishek K.,Parween, Zeenat,Chaki, Mriganka S.,Mahto, Shruti Techno-Press 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.22 No.3
This present study investigates Love-type wave propagation in composite structure consists of a loosely bonded functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) stratum lying over a functionally graded initially-stressed fibre-reinforced material (FGIFM) substrate. The closed-form expressions of the dispersion relation have been obtained analytically for both the cases of electrically open and electrically short conditions. Some special cases of the problem have also been studied and the obtained results are found in well-agreement with the classical Love wave equation. The emphatic influence of wave number, bonding parameter associated with bonding of stratum with substrate of the composite structure, piezoelectric coefficient as well as dielectric constant of the piezoelectric stratum, horizontal initial stresses, and functional gradedness of the composite structure on the phase velocity of Love-type wave has been reported and illustrated through numerical computation along with graphical demonstration in both the cases of electrically open and electrically short condition for the reinforced and reinforced-free composite structure. Comparative study has been carried out to analyze the distinct cases associated with functional gradedness of the composite structure and also various cases which reveals the influence of piezoelectricity, reinforcement and horizontal initial stress acting in the composite structure, and bonding of the stratum and substrate of the composite structure in context of the present problem which serves as one of the major highlights of the study.
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Md. Akhlaquer Rahman,Md. Mujahid,Arshad Hussain,Zeenat Iqbal 한국약제학회 2017 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.47 No.4
The objective of the present study was to develop solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of poorly absorbed drug sertraline (SRT) and evaluation of its pharmacokinetic parameters in rats. The composition of optimized liquid SNEDDS was (25.42 % v/v) Labrafil M 2125 CS and Maisine 35-1 (1:1), (49.72 % v/v) Tween 80 and (24.86 % v/v) Lauroglycol 90 containing 25 mg SRT. Solid SNEDDS was prepared by spray-drying the liquid SNEDDS using dextran 40 as solid carrier. There was no significant difference (p[0.05) in the droplet size of reconstituted nanoemulsion between both liquid and solid SNEDDS. The surface characterization of spray-dried powder showed a satisfactory regular spherical shape of particles. The internal physical state of SRT was verified by X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the transformation of crystalline structure of SRT to amorphous and molecularly dispersed state. In vitro release of SRT from solid SNEDDS was highly significant (p\0.01) as compared to unformulated SRT. After oral administration of solid SNEDDS to adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, the area under the curve (AUC) were 2.8- and 6.8-folds and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 3.5 -and 13-folds higher, respectively compared to those of conventional capsule and unformulated drug suspension. These results reveal that solid SNEDDS results in a significantly increased absorption of SRT compared with that from the marketed conventional capsule and aqueous suspension of SRT. Thus, this solid SNEDDS may provide a useful solid dosage form for oral delivery of poorly-water soluble lipophilic compounds.
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Shu Yang,Jun-Hyun Kim,Wonmin Sohn,Zeenat Kotval-K 인간식물환경학회 2020 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.23 No.4
Background and objective: Land vacancy is a persistent issue inmost urban areas in the United States, yet few case studies have examined how vacant lots are used and the functions they serve in local communities. The purposes of this study were to provide a new revitalization planning and design proposal for the Durant-Tuuri-Mott (DTM) target area in the shrinking city of Flint, MI, USA, and to assess the final planning and design guideline through an analysis of vacant land redevelopment alternatives. Methods: For developing a revitalization planning and design guideline, this study developed several design modules with three main design themes. Then, landscape performance of the final design proposals was analyzed by three development scenarios, based on implementation level: 100%, 75%, and 50%. These development scenarios were based on the local context and different implementation budgets needed to adopt the proposed design modules. To generate a comprehensive development plan by optimizing design module allocation in the study area, this research employed a system-oriented approach, analyzing the existing cultural, natural, and built environments. A community participant process was adopted to collect stakeholders’ opinions on future development. Results: By utilizing landscape performance metrics to quantify the environmental, social, and economic benefits, this study developed optimized development scenarios and a master plan for the reuse and redevelopment of existing vacant lots across DTM neighborhoods and analyzed the benefits of each. Conclusion: This research offers a flexible design method for balancing objectives in vacant land redevelopment that can be applied in other shrinking cities.
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Hayat Alvina,Anas Muhammad,Shaheen Zeenat,Falak Aliza,Quraishi Umar Masood 한국작물학회 2024 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
Cadmium (Cd) is a water-soluble heavy metal. It has adverse effects on rivers and underground water in developing countries. Rice is a hydrophilic crop grown by extensive utilization of water. Presence of Cd in paddy water can lead to destruction of both quality and quantity of rice. To access the variation in impact of Cd on two elite rice cultivars of Pakistan i.e., indica (Super Basmati) and japonica (JP-5), a pot experiment with three replicates was carried out in completely randomized design. To induce stress conditions, both cultivars were subjected to elevated levels of Cd (50 mg/kg) as cadmium chloride. The results indicated that Cd stress had a high impact on morpho-physiological traits such as grain yield, thousand grain weight and tiller number in Supper Basmati compared to JP-5. This was due to high accumulation of the reactive oxygen species and lower levels of enzymatic antioxidants including peroxidase, catalase, carotenoids, glutathione, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and phenols in Super basmati. The Cd translocation from roots to leaf and subsequently grains was higher in Super Basmati compared to JP-5. Nutritional profiling of grains showed low level of carbohydrates and proteins in Super Basmati compared to JP-5 which shows that JP-5 is more tolerant, nutritious, and high-yielding under Cd-stress conditions. JP-5 is thus recommended to be cultivated in Cd-stressed areas in future and breeders can further use it to improve crop performance in Cd-stress soil and ensure sustainable food production around the world
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