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Wan-Hsin Chang,Pei-Yi Liu,Dai-En Lin,Yuan-Ting Jiang,Chien-Ju Lu,Yuan-Hao Howard Hsu 한국고분자학회 2022 Macromolecular Research Vol.30 No.1
Adsorption of secreted protein on contact lenses is a dynamic and complex behavior. To understand this behavior, we used three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to create an eye model that simulated the anterior segment of the actual human eyeball. In this model, the fluid inlet was connected to a syringe pump to mimic the rate of human tear secretion and the outlet was connected to an ultraviolet- visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. The experimental results revealed that the symmetrical eye model with a 180° inlet-outlet angle was suitable for dynamic analysis of protein adsorption. In this model, protein adsorption was slow and desorption was rapid. The contact lens was soaked in poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine- co-butyl methacrylate) (PMB) to confirm the anti-protein adsorption property of this polymer through dynamic adsorption and desorption eye model analysis.
Wan-Hsin Chang,Pei-Yi Liu,Chien-Ju Lu,Dai-En Lin,Min-Hsuan Lin,Yuan-Ting Jiang,Yuan-Hao Howard Hsu 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.12
Biocompatible 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) can enhance the adsorption of water molecules and is therefore used for manufacturing contact lenses. This study investigated the mechanical strength, anti-protein deposition, and anti-lipid adsorption effects of MPC addition to contact lenses. Experimental contact lenses produced by copolymerizing multiple ratios of MPC to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were analyzed. Atomic force microscopy revealed that MPC addition increased surface roughness. The anti-protein deposition and anti-lipid adsorption effects on poly(HEMA-MPC) polymers of various phosphorylcholine quantities were experimentally confirmed. The water content of the contact lenses was proportional to the MPC content in the polymer. The hydrated PC moiety of MPC drastically altered the network of the poly-HEMA polymer by inserting water molecules, which were trapped in the concave region of the surface. MPC addition had negative effects on all examined strength factors because of structural destabilization of the copolymer through water insertion. The anti-deposition effects of MPC were verified by examining the lysozyme and lipid adsorption abilities of the prepared contact lenses. Our results revealed that MPC enhanced interactions of the poly(HEMA-MPC) copolymer with water molecules; these interactions weakened the mechanical strength of the copolymer but markedly improved the anti-adsorption property of the biomolecules. The optimal proportion of HEMA–MPC for contact lenses is in the range 14.9%-28.5%.
The assessment of host and bacterial proteins in sputum from active pulmonary tuberculosis
Hsin-Chih Lai,Yu-Tze Horng,Pen-Fang Yeh,Jann-Yuan Wang,Chin-Chung Shu,Chia-Chen Lu,Jang-Jih Lu,Jen-Jyh Lee,Po-Chi Soo 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.11
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The protein composition of sputum may reflect the immune status of the lung. This study aimed to evaluate the protein profiles in spontaneous sputum samples from patients with active pulmonary TB. Sputum samples were collected from patients with pulmonary TB and healthy controls. Western blotting was used to analyze the amount of interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-25, IL- 17, perforin-1, urease, albumin, transferrin, lactoferrin, adenosine deaminase (also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, or ADA), ADA-2, granzyme B, granulysin, and caspase- 1 in sputum. Results of detection of IL-10, IFN-γ, perforin- 1, urease, ADA2, and caspase-1, showed relatively high specificity in distinguishing patients with TB from healthy controls, although sensitivities varied from 13.3% to 66.1%. By defining a positive result as the detection of any two proteins in sputum samples, combined use of transferrin and urease as markers increased sensitivity to 73.2% and specificity to 71.1%. Furthermore, we observed that the concentration of transferrin was proportional to the number of acidfast bacilli detected in sputum specimens. Detection of sputum transferrin and urease was highly associated with pulmonary TB infection. In addition, a high concentration of transferrin detected in sputum might correlate with active TB infection. This data on sputum proteins in patients with TB may aid in the development of biomarkers to assess the severity of pulmonary TB.
Hsin-An Chang,Chuan-Chia Chang,Nian-Sheng Tzeng,Terry B. J. Kuo,Ru-Band Lu,San-Yuan Huang 대한신경정신의학회 2013 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.10 No.4
Objective Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) has been reported in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), but the results are mixed. Little is known about the impact of comorbid major depression (MD) on HRV in GAD patients. Both issues necessitate further investigation. Methods Twenty unmedicated, physically healthy GAD patients, 20 GAD patients with a secondary diagnosis of MD, 40 MD patients and 60 matched controls were recruited. We used the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to assess anxiety and depression severity, respectively. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by measuring HRV parameters. Frequency-domain indices of HRV were obtained. Results Three patient groups had more anxiety and depression symptoms than control subjects, but heart rates (HRs) were significantly elevated only in GAD patients with comorbid depression. Relative to controls, GAD patients had reduced HRV while GAD patients with comorbid depression displayed the greatest reductions in HRV among three patients groups. Correlation analyses revealed anxiety/depression severity significantly associated with HRs, variance, LF-HRV and HF-HRV. However, separately analyzing among individual groups and adjusting for HRV-associated covariables rendered the correlations non-significant. Conclusion Our results suggest that reduction in HRV is a psychophysiological marker of GAD and individuals with comorbid GAD and MD may be distinguished based on psychophysiological correlates (for example, HF-HRV) from non-comorbid GAD patients. Taken into account that comorbid depression may confer increased risks for cardiovascular events in GAD patients, this subgroup of GAD patients may benefit better from cardiovascular risk reduction strategies.
Yuan-Hao Chen,Yung-Hsiao Chiang,Hsin-I Ma 대한신경과학회 2014 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.10 No.2
Background and Purpose Hypoxia, or ischemia, is a common cause of neurological deficits in the elderly. This study elucidated the mechanisms underlying ischemia-induced brain injury that results in neurological sequelae. Methods Cerebral ischemia was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by transient ligationof the left carotid artery followed by 60 min of hypoxia. A two-dimensional differential proteome analysis was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flightmass spectrometry to compare changes in protein expression on the lesioned side of the cortexrelative to that on the contralateral side at 0, 6, and 24 h after ischemia. Results The expressions of the following five proteins were up-regulated in the ipsilateralcortex at 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion injury compared to the contralateral (i.e., control)side: aconitase 2, neurotensin-related peptide, hypothetical protein XP-212759, 60-kDa heatshock protein, and aldolase A. The expression of one protein, dynamin-1, was up-regulatedonly at the 6-h time point. The level of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor on the lesioned side of the cerebral cortex was found to be high initially, but then down-regulated by 24 hafter the induction of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The expressions of several metabolic enzymes and translational factors were also perturbed soon after brain ischemia. Conclusions These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the neurodegenerative events that occur following cerebral ischemia.
Ta-Hsin Chou,Kuei-Yuan Cheng,Chih-Chieh Su,Tien-Li Chang,Chih-Wei Hsieh,Jen-Hui Tsai 한국정밀공학회 2010 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.4
The transparent conducting oxide (TCO) film is a significant component in flat panel display industry, applied for flexible display, e-paper, and touch panel. The TCO materials have high refractive index, so the phenomenon of high reflectance is the major issue and needs solved in present and future market. In this study, the structure and process of new lower reflection TCO hybrid film is introduced. The laser interference lithography and UV nanoimprint are combined for fabrication of sub-wavelength structures on PET film, then the tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) deposited on structures. Finally, the best result of this hybrid film is reflectance reduced to 3.3% at wavelength 550nm, just 13% of the original film, and the resistance of ITO layer is 1.05x10-3 Ω-cm. This result is useful for the TCO film applied in low reflection demand products in the future.
A Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Taiwan's Stock Exchange
Zhi-Yuan Su,Yeng-Tseng Wang,Hsin-Yi Huang 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.4
This paper presents an empirical investigation on the multifractal characteristics of the Taiwan stock exchange by analyzing the minute-by-minute fluctuations in the TAIEX (Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index) return signal. The generalized Hurst exponent, the Rnyi exponent and the multifractal spectrum of the signal are evaluated using a multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA), which is also applied in analyzing the multifractal properties of the logarithmic price increment (LPI) signals of 150 highly-capitalized Taiwanese companies. The results reveal the LPI signal of each company preserves multiscaling and multifractal phenomena. The relative contributions of the long-range temporal correlation and the non-Gaussian data fluctuations toward the multifractality of the time series are also examined. The results suggest that the non-Gaussian probability distributions exert a more dominant effect on the multifractality of TAIEX, but that long-range temporal correlations are more important for the LPI signals of share prices.