Corticospinal Tract and Pontocerebellar Fiber of Central Pontine Myelinolysis

Yong Min,박성희,황승배 대한재활의학회 2012 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.36 No.6

Central pontine myelinolysis is a rare neurologic disorder that is defined by demyelination of longitudinally descending tracts and transversly crossing fibers in the basis pontis. Frequently observed clinical manifestations of this disorder include sudden weakness, dysphagia, loss of consciouness and locked-in syndrome. However, there have been a few studies that reported a benign course of this disease, which include cerebellar signs, such as ataxia, intention tremor, and dysarthria. Here we report on a 53-year-old male with a history of liver cirrhosis who showed the cerebellar type of central pontine myelinolysis. The patient was diagnosed with central pontine myelinolysis based on clinical presentations and magnetic resonance imaging findings after a liver transplantation. Conventional magenetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the preservation of the corticospinal tract and abnormal pontocerebellar fibers. However, these findings were not sufficient to define the pathophysiology of our patient. Electrophysiologic analysis and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to investigate cerebellar signs in this case. Delayed central motor conduction time (CMCT) to the tibialis anterior muscle with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was observed, which indicated demyelination of the corticospinal tract. Also, diffusion tensor imaging showed abnormal pontocerebellar fibers, which might have been caused by cerebellar dysfunction in our patient. A combination of TMS and DTI was also used to determine the pathophysiology of this disease.

테러리스트 메데아 하이너 뮐러의 황폐한 - 『물가 메데아 자료 아르고호 선원들이 있는 풍경』

김용민 ( Kim¸ Yong-min ) 연세대학교 유럽사회문화연구소 2020 유럽사회문화 Vol.0 No.25

In seinem 1982 geschriebenen und 1983 in Bochum erst aufgeführten Drama Verkommenes Ufer Medeamaterial Landschaft mit Argonauten setzt sich Heiner Müller mit dem Mythos Medea auseinander. Durch die neue Gestaltung der in der europäischen Literatur immer wieder herausgerufenen griechischen Mythenfigur Medea stellt Müller sowohl die Gewalttätigkeit und Grausamkeit der europäischen Zivilisation als auch die Probleme des Patriarchats in Frage. In der Argonautensage sieht Müller den Anfang der europäischen Kolonialgeschichte und deren symbolisches Ende: Jason wird “der erste Kolonisator, der auf der Schwelle vom Mythos zur Geschichte von seinem Fahrzeug erschlagen wird”. Er interpretiert die Argonautenfahrt als einen den „Offensivgeist der Griechen“ reflektierenden kolonialen Aufbruch und Medea als das erste Opfer der Kolonialisierung. Medea bleibt aber nicht nur als ein Opfer von Gewalt, sondern tritt auch als die Täterin auf, die sich zum ersten Mal gegen den Kolonisator erhebt. Durch den Verrat Jasons erkennt Medea schließlich, dass sie bisher als Sklavin, Hure und Kuh gelebt hat und versucht, sich von ihrem Rolengefängnis zu befreien. Medea tötet ihre Nebenbuhlerin Glauke und schließlich ihre eigene Kinder. Diese Mordtat wird aber in Müllers Werk nicht als eine private Rache einer von ihrem Mann verlassenen Frau, sondern als eine universelle Tat dargestellt, da ihre terroristischen Taten greifen die Heiratsriten durch geheime Zauberformeln an, mit denen sie das Hochzeitskleid entzündet. Und sie zerstört die gesellschaftliche Einheit der Familie durch den Mord an ihren Kindern. Nach der Zerstörung scheint es nichts übrig bleiben. So will Medea “die Menschheit in zwei Stücke brechen”. Aber gleichzeitig äußert sie eine Hoffnung, dass sie “in der leeren Mitte” wohnen will, als ein “Ich”, das “kein Weib kein Mann” ist. Dadurch wird “eine über das Schöne vermittelte utopische bzw. messianische Perspektive” eröffnet. Nicht die Verzweifelnung und Ohnmacht stehen damit am Schluß dieses Werkes, sondern die appellativ an das Publikum delegierte Frage nach dem Ausgang der Geschichte, die die Zuschauer in einen Denk- und Entscheidungszwang hineinversetzen soll.

The Environmental Dependence of the Mass-Size Relation for the Most Massive Galaxies

Yongmin Yoon,Myungshin Im 한국천문학회 2016 天文學會報 Vol.41 No.1

Efficiency of Exponential Deperm Protocol

Yongmin Kim,Young-Hak Kim,Kwang-Ho Shin 한국자기학회 2013 Journal of Magnetics Vol.18 No.3

Magnetic treatment of surface vessels and submarines (Deperm) is required to camouflage them against magnetic detection from enemy marine force. So far, deperm has been accomplished by applying an alternating magnetic field of which amplitude decreases linearly. However, the reduction of the residual flux density in the direction of magnetic field is not linear in the case of the linear protocol, since the ferromagnetic material used to construct a surface vessel, mainly Fe-C, shows a nonlinear behavior in an alternating magnetic field. This is one of main reasons to make an ordinary deperm protocol inefficient. In this paper, we propose the exponential deperming protocol and compare the exponential protocol to conventional linear protocol within the framework of deperm performance. We found out that step number could be reduced in the exponential protocol compare with in the linear protocol, because the larger numbers of deperm steps are dedicated in the irreversible domain process region on the magnetic hysteresis.

Nattokinase Crude Extract Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth in Mice

( Yongmin Yan ),( Yanjing Wang ),( Jiali Qian ),( Sihui Wu ),( Yi Ji ),( Yanxiao Liu ),( Jian Zeng ),( Aihua Gong ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.8

Nattokinase (NK, E.C. 3.4.21.62) is a serine protease produced by Bacillus subtilis natto that shows promise for the treatment of thrombotic disease. In this study, we assessed the effects of NK on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a principal malignancy of the liver that causes morbidity and mortality worldwide. Crude extracts of NK (NCE) were isolated from fermentation medium by centrifugation and separated into three fractions (< 10 K, 100~30 K and >30K). Orthotopic HCC mouse models were established and NCE was administered by oral gavage. H&E staining was performed to examine the pathology of HCC livers. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate FOXM1, CD31, CD44 and vimentin expression in the liver. Compared to PBS groups, NCE increased the survival rates of HCC-bearing mice to 31% and decreased ascites. Low-intensity ultrasound imaging showed that the hypoechoic mass area was lower in NCE-treated mice and that tumor growth significantly decreased. IHC staining showed that the expression of FOXM1 was inhibited by NCE treatment. Immunofluorescence results revealed lower levels of CD31, CD44 and vimentin in the NCE groups. Taken together, these data demonstrate that NCE from Bacillus subtilis natto improves survival and inhibits tumor growth in HCC mice.

Atypical Hyperplasia at the Margin of Frozen Sections from Breast-Conserving Surgery

Yongmin Na,유영재,HyoSoonLim,이지신,조진성,윤정한,박민호 한국유방암학회 2021 Journal of Breast Disease Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: Intraoperative frozen section analysis to assess margin status during breast-conserving surgery is often performed to reduce the rate of re-excision. Whether additional resection is required if atypical cells are found at the margin during breast-conserving surgery is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section analysis and investigate the feasibility of additional resection in cases of atypical hyperplasia on frozen sections from breast-conserving surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 1,411 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery between July 2004 and June 2012. The microscopic margins of the intraoperative frozen sections and permanent sections were examined. Overall events (locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis) were analyzed between the negative margin group and the other margin group (including atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ [CIS], and invasive carcinoma). Results: Of the 1,411 patients, 1,201 had negative margins and 210 had other margin types in the first frozen section. 68 patients had atypical hyperplasia on frozen section analysis. This atypical hyperplasia included atypical cells, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and atypical lobular hyperplasia. Of these 68 patients, the final findings on the permanent section were negative (n=32, 47.1%), atypical cells (n=16, 23.5%), and CIS (n=20, 29.4%). The rate of overall events and distant metastases were higher in the other margin group (9.5% vs. 5.4%, p=0.021) and (5.7% vs. 3.0%, p=0.045). Of the 1,411 patients, 44 (3.1%) had false-positive findings, and 15 (1.1%) had false-negative findings in the frozen sections, with an accuracy of 95.8%. Conclusion: The accuracy of intraoperative frozen section analysis was 95.8%, with 91.7% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity. Atypical hyperplasia on frozen section analysis requires additional resection at the time of breast-conserving surgery because of the possibility of CIS, but excessive resection may be performed in other cases. Therefore, sufficient consultation with patients is required.

A Realization of Reduced-Order Detection Filters

Yongmin Kim,Jaehong Park 대한전기학회 2008 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.6 No.1

In this paper, we deal with the problem of reducing the order of the detection filter for the linear time-invariant system. Even if the detection filter is generally designed in the full of full order linear observer, we show that it is possible to reduce its order when the response of fault signals is limited to a subspace of the estimation state space. We propose a method to extract the subspace using the observer canonical form considering the dynamics related to the remaining subspace acts as a disturbance. We designed a reduced order detection filter to reject the disturbance as well as to guarantee fault detection and isolation. A simulation result for a 5th order system is presented as an illustrative example of the proposed design method.

Barred Galaxies Are More Abundant in Interacting Clusters: Bar Formation by Cluster-Cluster Interactions

Yongmin Yoon,Myungshin Im,Seong-Kook Lee,Gwang-Ho Lee,Gu Lim 한국천문학회 2018 天文學會報 Vol.43 No.2

Transcriptome analysis of Pinus koraiensis through artificial infection of Pine Wilt Nematode

Yongmin Kim,Kyeong-Seong Cheon,Il-Hwan Lee,Chansik Jung,Heonil Kang 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2023 No.-

Uncertainty Analysis and Improvement of an Altitude Test Facility for Small Jet Engines

Yongmin Jun,Inyoung Yang,Chun Taek Kim,Soo Seok Yang,Dae Sung Lee 한국항공우주학회 2004 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.5 No.1

The verification and improvement of the measurement uncertainty have been performed in the altitude test facility for small gas turbine engines, which was built at the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARl) in October 1999. This test is performed with a single spool turbojet engine at several flight conditions. This paper discusses the evaluation and validation process for the measurement uncertainty improvements used in the altitude test facility. The evaluation process, defined as tests before the facility modification, shows that the major contributors to the measurement uncertainty are the flow meter discharge coefficient, the inlet static and total pressures, the cell pressure and the fuel flow rate. The measurement uncertainty is focused on the primary parameters of the engine performance such as airflow rate, thrust and specific fuel consumption (SFC). The validation process, defined as tests after the facility modification, shows that the measurement uncertainty, in seal level condition, is improved to the acceptable level through the facility modification. In altitude test conditions, the measurement uncertainties are not improved as much as the uncertainty in sea level condition.