Permanent waVe와 Decoloration에 의한 모발손상에 관한 연구

배선향,윤수홍,이도영 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

펌 및 탈색 시 모발 손상을 줄이기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 20대 여대생의 건강한 모발을 펌 및 탈색을 하면서 전자 현미경으로 그 형태적 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 자연 모발은 굵기가 60~80 ㎛인 비교적 가는 건강한 직모로 나타났다. 모표피(hair cuticle)의 비늘은 벌어지거나 벗겨짐이 서로 밀착되어 있었으며, 비늘의 겹쳐진 폭이 규칙적이었다. 또한 비늘 사이의 경계가 뚜렷하였고, 비늘의 표면은 매끈하였다. 25 ℃에서 1회 펌을 한 모발의 경우 한 부위에서만 비늘의 가장자리가 벌어졌을 뿐 다른 부위에서는 비늘의 벌어짐이 없이 밀착된 상태로 나타났다. 25 ℃에서 3회 펌을 한 모발의 경우에는 네 부위에서 비늘의 가장자리가 약간 더 벌어졌으나 25 ℃에서 1회 펌을 한 모방의 손상 정도와 큰 차이가 없었다. 50 ℃에서 1회 펌을 한 모발은 전체부위에서 비늘이 약간씩 벌어졌다. 25 ℃에서 3회 펌을 한 모발에 비해 비늘의 형태가 더 손상된 형태로 나타났다. 50 ℃에서 3회 펌을 시술한 모발은 심하게 손상되었다. 약 40 %의 비늘 가장자리가 벌어졌고, 약 10 %의 비늘은 미세한 주름이 생겼으며, 모발의 한 부위에는 구멍이 생겼다. 25 ℃에서 1회 탈색한 모발의 경우 전체에서 비늘이 벌어졌으며, 두 부위에서는 비늘이 탈락되어 비늘의 간격이 불규칙하였고, 전체 모발 중에서 약 15 %의 비늘에 세로 주름이 나타났다. 25 ℃에서 3회 탈색한 경우에는 모발 전체에서 비늘이 용해되어 두꺼워졌고, 모표피의 문리가 일정하지 않았으며, 모발의 몇몇 부위에 구멍이 생겼다. 50 ℃에서 1회 탈색한 경우 90 % 이상의 비늘이 벌어졌고, 약 25 %의 비늘에 뚜렷한 세로 주름이 생겼으며, 한 장의 비늘에 작은 구멍이 나타났다. 50 ℃에서 3회 탈색한 경우에는 모발 전체에서 모표피의 문리가 없어졌고, 용해된 비늘이 뭉쳐 있었으며, 또한 작은 구멍들이 여러 부위에 생겼다. 펌을 한 경우보다 탈색한 경우 모방의 손상 정도가 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 가장 손상의 정도가 큰 것은 50 ℃에서 3회 탈색한 경우로 나타났다. The morphological changes were investigated for the purpose of suggest the basic information to lesson hair damages by perm and decoloration. Women hairs were permed and decolored one time and three times at different temperature(25 ℃, 50 ℃), respectively. Then, the hairs were photographed with scanning electron microscope. The virgin hairs, which were not permed and not decolored, were morphologically healthy. Hair cuticle scales were not splayed and overlapped regularly. Perm hairs, which were treated one time at 25 ℃, were relatively healthy though one scale of hair cuticle was splayed. and, on the occasion of perm hairs treated three times at 25 ℃, four scales of hair cuticle were splayed. Hairs, which were permed at 50 ℃, were more damaged than those which permed at 25 ℃. Hair scales, which were permed at 50 ℃, were almost splayed. On the occasion of perm hairs treated three times at 50 ℃, 10 percentages of hair scales were wrinkled, and one scale was holed. Hair scales, which were decolored one time at 25 ℃ were almost splayed, and 15 percentages of hair scales were wrinkled. Hair scales, which were decolored three times at 25 ℃, were almost melted and thickened. 90 percentages of hair scales, which were decolored one time at 50 ℃, were splayed, and 25 percentages of hair scales were wrinkled. On the occasion of decoloration hairs treated three times at 50 ℃, the boundaries between scales were almost disappeared, and hair scales were melted and were agglomerated. Hairs, which were decolored, were more morphologically damaged than those which premed.

Permanent wave와 Bleaching에 의한 모발손상에 관한 연구

배선향,윤수홍,이도영 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

This study investigated the changes of hair cuticle shape by means of scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) after permanent waving and bleaching, according to different types of chemicals(perm, bleach)and of temperatures(25℃, 50℃). The subjects were Korean students in their twenties who did not go on a diet, took no drugs, and had virgin hair. Virgin hair remained dense without being splayed off the scale, overlapped in a regular basis, and clear of the boundary between scales. But, the scale of hair cuticle had been splayed, separated, and lost by permanent waving and bleaching with hair chemicals. The hair cuticle that was permanent waved at 25℃ once and three times showed almost virgin hair, and the cuticle of hair permanent waved at 50℃ once was just a little splayed, so it seemed that perm treatment frequency and the permanent wave lotion with low pH were not major factors at low temperature. However, repeating the performance of bleaching, though at low temperature, was more major harmful factor than high temperature. This result reveals that a chemical of pH 11.0 for bleach damages hair severely leaving splayed and cracked in the whole hair, and maker\s column wrinkled scales regardless of temperature.

CO₂고정을 위한 화학독립영양미생물 Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1의 분리 및 특성

배상옥,곽경오,이용운,김성준,정선용 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The increase of CO2 in the atmosphere by fossil-fuel combustion has been recognized as a major cause of global warming. Thus many studies on CO2 removal from the combustion gas have been performed, and recently the techniques for biological CO2 fixation by photoautotrophs have also been developed, In this study, extensive screening was conducted to obtain micoorganism with high capability in fixing CO2, and its characteristics was investigated. As a result, a chemoautotrophs identified as a Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1 was isolated from the fresh water. The isolated strain used the molecular hydrogen and CO2 as an energy and a carbon source, respectively. Growth characteristics, which will be used in the development of a continuous culture system related in CO2 fixation, were examined in batch cultivation under conditions of various CO2 and NaCl concentrations, temperature, and pH. The results of the examination showed that the isolated strain had a good growth to high CO2 concentration(40%), indicating applicable in removing CO2 discharged from industries.

Nd:YAG 레이저 照射에 따른 琺瑯質의 變化에 關한 實驗的 硏究

배태성,권선자,김철중,백병주 大韓小兒齒科學會 1992 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of polished and caries enamel of third molar when they were irradiated by the CW Nd : YAG laser with optical fiber delivery system and the pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The author investigated the hardness of lased enamel surfaces with the energy density of 40 J/㎠ and the shear bond strength between etched enamel and composite resin, and examined the polished and caries enamel surfaces irradiated by CW Nd : YAG laser with the energy density of 20-120 J/㎠ by using scanning electron microscope. The obtained results were summerized as follows : 1. The Knoop hardness decreased significantly after irradiating the Nd : YAG laser with the energy density of 40 J/㎠(P<0.01). 2. The shear bond strength of enamel showed a significant difference before and after irradiating the Nd : YAG laser with the energy density of 40 J/㎠(P>0.05). 3. SEM photographs showed the irregular microcracks and the structural change of lased enamel surface. 4. SEM photographs showed the aspect of decrease in decalcification of enamel prism after irradiated with the energy density of 40 J/㎠. 5. SEM photographs showed the aspect of removal in caries enamel when they were irradiated with the energy density of 70 J/㎠.

에이즈 보건교육이 초등학생의 에이즈에 관한 지식과 태도에 미치는 효과

배선미,조결자 韓國學校保健學會 2002 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

This study examined changes of elementary school students' knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS after AIDS health educational programs were conducted. The experiment was executed from November the 28th, 2001 to February the 6th, 2002. Study examinees were 156 fifth year students of 2 elementary schools located at S City. A preliminary inspection was implemented. The post-examination was conducted by a questionnaire survey 2 weeks and 9 weeks after the program was finished. The measurement instrument was the questionnaire developed by Yun, Hyun Sik(1997) and modified by this researcher. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS program package, x^2-test and t-test, Repeated Measure ANOVA. Findings of study are as follows; 1. Hypothesis 1 ; the hypothesis 1 is "The points of AIDS knowledge are different at each moment, before conducting the educational program, 2 weeks after conducting the educational program, and 9 weeks after conducting the educational program". After the above hypothesis was examined, interactive actions were shown among different periods in both groups (F=267.241, p=.000), so that this hypothesis 1 was approved. 2. Hypothesis 2 ; the hypothesis 2 is "The points of attitudes toward AIDS are different at each moment, before conducting the educational program, 2 weeks after conducting the educational program, and 9 weeks after conducting the educational program". It was closely examined, and the findings are that significant differences between two groups were found, whereas any interactions were not shown between two groups(F=3.753, p=.055), after controlling the attitude scores that showed differences before the education by covariable, and examining the results. so that this hypothesis 2 was rejected. The above study tells that the AIDS health education for elementary school students made their knowledge and attitudes change significantly, but the education was not effective for changing students' attitudes. Elementary school students need more systematic and continual AIDS health education.

본태성 고혈압에서 염산에포니디핀 (NZ-105, 핀테20정�)의 유효성 및 안전성 : 제3상 다기관 임상시험 The phaseⅢ multicenter open trial

배종화,손일석,강흥선,조정휘,강재헌,김성원,이선영,양윤준,김영식,선우성 대한간질학회 2003 대한간질학회지 Vol.9 No.1

MIM 샌드위치 구조의 전도메카니즘에 관한 연구

배선기,박창엽,남춘우 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

In this study, the MIM devices of Al-Al₂O₃-Al, Al-Al₂O₃-Ag structure with junction area ??[㎠] and thickness of oxide layer 30[Å] were fabricated, and then those conduction mechanism and characteristics were investigated. The results, at low voltage region the voltage-current characteristics was ohmic because of the quantum mechanical tunneling and hopping process, and at high voltage region the voltage-current characteristics was I∝V² because of the space charge limited conduction. The voltage which transited from ohmic to I∝ V² and the barrier height were 110[mV], 0.42[eV] of Al-Al₂O₃-Al device and 90[mV], 0.44[eV] of Al-Al₂O₃-Ag device respectively. The polarity dependence of voltage-current characteristics was found only in Al-Al₂O₃-Ag device because of the intrinsic field in insulator thin film.

100m 달리기시 최고 속도 구간과 감속 구간의 동작 비교 연구

은선덕,정철수,배성제 한국운동역학회 1996 한국운동역학회지 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 100m 달리기에서 최고 속도 구간과 감속 구간에서의 동작을 비교하여 감속의 원인을 규명하는 데 있다. 두 구간에 대한 주요 운동학적 변인인 신체 중심의 속도와 변위, 보속과 보폭, 상체의 전경각, 관절각, 각속도를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론은 얻었다. 감속 구간에서의 지면 접촉 기간 동안과 체공 기간 동안의 신체 중심의 수평 속도는 최고 속도 구간에 비해 느린 것으로 나타났다. 보속은 최고 속도 구간에 비해 느린 것으로 나타났고, 지지 시간은 긴 것으로 나타났으며, 체공 시간은 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 보폭은 최고 속도 구간에 비해 짧은 것으로 나타났고, 착지시 신체 중심과 발끝의 수평 거리는 최고 속도 구간에 비해 긴 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상체의 전경각은 착지시에만 차이가 있었으며 최고 속도 구간에 비해 작고, 무릎 관절각은 착지시와 이지시에 있어서 최고 속도 구간에 비해 작았다. 그리고 고관절각은 반대발의 이지시와 착지시, 그리고 최소값에 있어서 최고 속도 구간에 비해 크고, 운동 범위에 있어서는 작은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 무릎 관절 각속도는 최고 속도 구간과의 비교에서 차이가 나타나지 않았다. The study was conducted to make a comparative analysis of running motion and to examine the difference in the deceleration phase(80∼90m) and the Max-speed phase(30∼40m) during the 100-meter Sprint. In this study, data was analyzed with variables including velocity and displacement of center of gravity, stride frequency, stride length, foward angle of upper body, joint angle, angular velocity in the deceleration phase and the max-speed phase. The conclusions of the study were as follows ; 1. Horizontal velocity of the center of gravity in the deceleration phase was found to be slower than that in the max-speed phase in the supporting period and non-supporting period. 2. Stride frequency in the deceleration phase was found to be slower than that in the max-speed phase, and supporting time n the deceleration phase was longer than that in the max-speed phase, also there was no difference between each phase in nonsupporting time. 3. Stride length in the deceleration phase was to be found shorter than that in the max-speed phase. 4. Horizontal distance between the center of gravity and toe in the deceleration phase was to be found longer than that in the max-speed phase. 5. Forward angle of upper body at the moment of touch down in the deceleration phase was found to be smaller than that in the max-speed phase. 6. Knee angle at the moment of touch down and take off in the deceleration phase were found to be smaller than in the max-speed phase. 7. Hip angle at the moment of touch down and take off of the other foot, and minimum hip angle in the deceleration phase were found to be larger than that in the max-speed phase, and range of, motion in the deceleration phase was smaller than that in the max-speed phase. 8. Knee angular velocity at the moment of touch down of the other foot toward flection in the deceleration phase was found to be larger than that in the max-speed phase.

고정벽체에 작용하는 횡토압에 대한 모형실험

남선우,김문규,배선호 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.2

To examine lateral earth pressure against fixed wall due to geometry of backfill, a model test was carried out. Soil box (180×75×80mm), 2-directional load cell and rainer were made for this test. And Sumjin river sand as backfill materal was placed in the backfill space with different geometries and relative densities. This test result was compared with the extended Silo theory(Chung et at, 1997) and Jaky's lateral pressure at rest. The comparative results are as follows : When the bottom width between the model wall and the stable slope is narrow, the experimental pressure agree well with that of the extended theory, independent of inclinations of wall and stable slope. However, when the width is not narrow, ie, when Bc/H is larger then 0.333, the experimental pressure is preferably close to the Jaky's lateral pressure at rest. The angle of wall friction have an important effet on the experimental lateral pressure, as wall as bottom width. The wall friction angle was measured the peak at lower placing height, and just after that the value is roughly constant up to the residual state.

자기조절 학습 수준과 웹에서의 학습자-자료 상호작용과의 관계 연구

김현배,이선화 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 2000 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of level of self-regulated learning and learner-content interaction in Web-based instruction. Analysis on the difference of learner-content interaction result shows significant statistical differences between the level of self-regulated learning of amount of references, that of relevant references and achievement. This study shows that the levels of self-regulated learning in Web-based instruction are primary variables on learner-content interaction. Especially, the higher level self-regulated learning group shows more activities in learner-content interaction while the lower level self-regulated learning group shows less. So the Web-based instruction can provide the higher level self-regulated learning group with better environment. And, according to the fact that the higher self-regulated learning students have, the more students activate learner-content interaction, it suggest that teachers would design and present teaching-learning environment for students to use actively self-regulated learning.