Maternal Separation Induced Visceral Hypersensitivity from Childhood to Adulthood

( Lisha Yi ),( Haiqin Zhang ),( Huihui Sun ),( Lu Zhou ),( Ying Chen ),( Liqian Xuan ),( Yuanxi Jiang ),( Shuchang Xu ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.2

Background/Aims Early adverse life events (EALs) are relevant to irritable bowel syndrome in adulthood. Maternal separation (MS), as one of the EALs, has proved to induce visceral hypersensitivity in adult rats. However, the effect of MS on visceral hypersensitvity from the post-weaning period to adulthood remains unknown. Methods One hundred and ten neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: rats in the MS group were exposed to 3 hours daily MS on postnatal day (PND) 2-14; the normal control (NC) group remained undisturbed. Visceral sensitivity was determined by measuring the visceromotor response to colorectal distention on PND21, 35, and 56. Anxiety-like behaviors were measured by the open field test. Results Compared with NC rats, MS rats showed significant visceral hypersensitivity from the post-weaning period to adult. The proportion of visceral hypersensitive rats decreased with age from 87.5% to 70.0% in the female MS group and from 90.0% to 66.7% in the male MS group. The relative VMR ratio of MS and NC on PND21 was higher than PND35 and PND56. MS rats showed decreased ability of movement and exploration to the novel environment in the post-weaning period, obesity in the prepubertal period, and more anxietylike behaviors in adulthood. Conclusions MS can significantly affect visceral sensitivity and behaviors of rats in different age stages, especially in the post-weaning period. Visceral hypersensitivity of MS rats is more pronounced in the post-weaning period and slightly restored in adults. Thus, visceral hypersensitivity in the post-weaning period might play a more meaningful pathophysiologic role in the formation of adult irritable bowel syndrome. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:306-315)

In silico Analysis of Bioethanol Production from Glucose/xylose Mixtures during Fed-batch Fermentation of Co-culture and Mono-culture Systems

Lisha K. P.,Debasis Sarkar 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.5

This study presents a detailed in silico analysisof bioethanol production from glucose/xylose mixtures ofvarious compositions by fed-batch co-culture and monoculturefermentation of specialized microbes. The monocultureconsists of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisisethat can metabolize both hexose and pentose sugars whilethe co-culture system consists of substrate-selective microbes. Dynamic flux balance models based on available genomescalereconstructions of the microorganisms have beenused to analyze bioethanol production in fed-batch culturewith constant feed rates and the maximization of ethanolproductivity is addressed by computing optimal aerobicanaerobicswitching times. The simulation results clearlypoint to the superior performance of fed-batch fermentationof microbial co-culture against fed-batch fermentation ofmono-culture for bioethanol production from glucose/xylosemixtures. A set of potential genetic engineering strategiesfor enhancement of S. cerevisiae and Escherichia colistrains performance have been identified. Such in silicopredictions using genome-scale models provide valuableguidance for conducting in vivo metabolic engineeringexperiments.

Recent Progress on Corrosion Behavior and Mechanism of Mg–RE Based Alloys with Long Period Stacking Ordered Structure

Lisha Wang,Jinghua Jiang,Ting Yuan,Qiuyuan Xie,Huan Liu,Aibin Ma 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.5

Mg alloys containing long period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures possess excellent mechanical properties and corrosionresistance, exhibiting great application potential in biodegradable implants. The corrosion process of different LPSOphases in the Mg alloys need to be furtherly clarified in different solution environments. In this paper, we mainly reviewedthe influencing factors on the corrosion behavior of LPSO-containing Mg alloys, including the alloying elements, processingtechnologies, and the types, volume fractions and distributions of LPSO phases. Recent researches are well summarized withan emphasis on their corrosion mechanism. Special attention is given to the key issues for LPSO-containing Mg alloys asbiomedical implants, with their biodegradation behavior comprehensively discussed. The motivation is to provide theoreticalsupport for the possible application of LPSO-containing Mg alloys in the biomedical field.

Expression of NAC transcription factor is altered under intermittent drought stress and re-watered conditions in Hevea brasiliensis

Lisha P. Luke,M. B. Mohamed Sathik,Molly Thomas,Linu Kuruvilla,K.V. Sumesh 한국식물생명공학회 2017 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.44 No.2

Drought stress is one of the important factors that restrict the expansion of Hevea brasiliensis cultivation to nontraditional regions experiencing extreme weather conditions. Plants respond to drought stress by triggering expression of several drought responsive genes including transcription factors which in turn trigger expression of various downstream signalling pathways and adaptive networks. Expression of such drought responsive genes may revert back to their original level upon re-watering. However, no reports are available on such phenomenon in Hevea and hence, this study was initiated. For this purpose, NAC transcription factor (NAC tf) was chosen as candidate gene. Its expression levels were monitored under intermittent drought as well as irrigated conditions in two clones (RRII 105 and RRIM 600) of H. brasiliensis with contrasting tolerance level. Copy number of NAC tf was found similar in both the clones. Expression of NAC tf was found highly up-regulated in RRIM 600 (a relatively drought tolerant clone) than in RRII 105 (a relatively drought susceptible clone) throughout the drought incidences which upon re-watering, reached back to its original levels in both the clones. The study indicated the existence of an association between expression of NAC tf and drought tolerance trait exhibited by the tolerant clone RRIM 600. The study also proves the influence of drought and re-watering on the leaf photosynthesis and expression of NAC tf in H. brasiliensis.

Structural reliability updating using experimental data

Lisha Zhu,Xianzhen Huang,Cong Yuan,Zunling Du 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.1

Conventional reliability analysis requires the information from an existing structure, such as a mechanical model and random distributed inputs. In many engineering problems, a state monitoring system commonly provides experimental or monitoring data, which can be used to update the initial estimation for structural reliability to reduce prediction uncertainty. A critical issue in this process is the manner in which the existing information and new data can be reasonably integrated into a reliability estimation. In this paper, Bayesian updating approach is applied to incorporate the additional data. Firstly, a theoretical model is established to predict the prior distribution of the limit state function (LSF) with the first-order reliability method. Then, the Bayesian inference theory is applied to update the probability distribution parameters of LSF using the acquired experimental or monitoring data. The analytical form of the LSF’s posterior distribution is derived under the assumption that the experimental test error follows a normal distribution. To improve accuracy, a second-order reliability method is proposed based on the theory of saddlepoint approximation. Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation is used to derive a general method for updating the LSF’s distribution using the experimental or monitoring data. Finally, three numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed framework’s validity.

Optimization of the Experimental Parameters Affecting the Corrosion Behavior for Mg–Y–Zn–Mn Alloy via Response Surface Methodology

Lisha Wang,Jinghua Jiang,Bassiouny Saleh,Reham Fathi,He Huang,Huan Liu,Aibin Ma 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12

This paper optimizes experimental parameters on controlling corrosion performance of the Mg-rare-earth alloys with longperiod stacking ordered structure using response surface methodology. Different NaCl concentrations, temperatures, andvarying pH values are selected as input parameters. The corrosion current density (icorr) and open circuit potential (OCP)are used as the multiple responses to evaluate the corrosion performances. The corrosion surface morphology and corrosionmechanism of the Mg alloys are also investigated by scanning electron microscopy for the optimization. Analysis of variance(ANOVA) has given the impact of individual factors and interactions on the corrosion rate. The results indicated thatthe three test parameters had significant impacts in controlling the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy. Moreover, the increasedNaCl concentration decreased the pitting potential (Epit) of the target materials. Filiform corrosion can be detected in high pHsolutions, whereas the matrix suffered from severe dissolution phenomenon in low pH solutions. High temperature aggravatedthe local destruction and dissolution of the protective film. The interaction of the experimental parameters showed a sizableinfluence on corrosion performance.

Novel nano/micro-materials for visible-light-driven photocatalysis: Syntheses, characterizations and applications

Lisha Zhang,Po Keung Wong 대한환경공학회 2015 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Actinomycetes with Antifungal and Enzyme Activity Assays against Colletotrichum dematium of Sarcandra glabra

( Lisha Song ),( Ni Jiang ),( Shugen Wei ),( Zuzai Lan ),( Limei Pan ) 한국균학회 2020 Mycobiology Vol.48 No.1

A serious leaf disease caused by Colletotrichum dematium was found during the cultivation of Sarcandra glabra in Jingxi, Rong’an, and Donglan Counties in Guangxi Province, which inflicted huge losses to plant productivity. Biological control gradually became an effective control method for plant pathogens. Many studies showed that the application of actinomycetes in biological control has been effective. Therefore, it may be of great significance to study the application of actinomycetes on controlling the diseases caused by S. glabra. Strains of antifungal actinomycetes capable of inhibiting C. dematium were identified, isolated and screened from healthy plants tissues and the rhizospheres in soils containing S. glabra. In this study, 15 actinomycetes strains were isolated and among these, strains JT-2F, DT-3F, and JJ-3F, appeared to show antagonistic effects against anthracnose of S. glabra. The strains JT-2F and DT-3F were isolated from soil, while JJ-3F was isolated from plant stems. The antagonism rate of strain JT-2F was 86.75%, which was the highest value among the three strains. Additionally, the JT-2F strain also had the strongest antagonistic activity when the antagonistic activities were tested against seven plant pathogens. Strain JT-2F is able to produce proteases and cellulase to degrade the protein and cellulose components of cell walls of C. dematium, respectively. This results in mycelia damage which leads to inhibition of the growth of C. dematium. Strain JT-2F was identified as Streptomyces tsukiyonensis based on morphological traits and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

Expression of NAC transcription factor is altered under intermittent drought stress and re-watered conditions in Hevea brasiliensis

Luke, Lisha P.,Sathik, M.B. Mohamed,Thomas, Molly,Kuruvilla, Linu,Sumesh, K.V. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Drought stress is one of the important factors that restrict the expansion of Hevea brasiliensis cultivation to non-traditional regions experiencing extreme weather conditions. Plants respond to drought stress by triggering expression of several drought responsive genes including transcription factors which in turn trigger expression of various downstream signalling pathways and adaptive networks. Expression of such drought responsive genes may revert back to their original level upon re-watering. However, no reports are available on such phenomenon in Hevea and hence, this study was initiated. For this purpose, NAC transcription factor (NAC tf) was chosen as candidate gene. Its expression levels were monitored under intermittent drought as well as irrigated conditions in two clones (RRII 105 and RRIM 600) of H. brasiliensis with contrasting tolerance level. Copy number of NAC tf was found similar in both the clones. Expression of NAC tf was found highly up-regulated in RRIM 600 (a relatively drought tolerant clone) than in RRII 105 (a relatively drought susceptible clone) throughout the drought incidences which upon re-watering, reached back to its original levels in both the clones. The study indicated the existence of an association between expression of NAC tf and drought tolerance trait exhibited by the tolerant clone RRIM 600. The study also proves the influence of drought and re-watering on the leaf photosynthesis and expression of NAC tf in H. brasiliensis.

Dokha: An Emerging Public Health Issue as a Form of Tobacco Smoking in the Middle East

John, Lisha Jenny,Muttappallymyalil, Jayakumary Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background: Tobacco use is one of the leading causes of preventable death across the world today and the smoking rates among men in the Arab world are amongst the highest in the world. Smoking of dokha, a traditional Arab tobacco is common in some of the Middle East countries such as the United Arab Emirates and Iran. This review focuses on the prevalence, pattern and health effects of dokha use in the Middle East. For this purpose an electronic search was performed in the following databases and websites: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Proquest and Google scholar up to December 2012. The search strategy was based on Internet search for the synonyms of dohka or midwakh. From the results of the review it emerged that younger people are the most common users of dokha. Hence effective outreach health education programs, targeting adolescents, especially school students before they take up the habit of smoking, may thus curb the emergence of the problem.