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Kouichi Ohe 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12
The transition metal-induced in situ generation of carbene complexes from alkynes having a carbonyl or imino group as a nucleophilic functionality has been investigated. These reactive carbenoid species are generated with high atom efficiency through a 6-endo-dig cyclization mode based on the electrocyclization of vinylidene complexes or a 5-exo-dig cyclization mode in p-alkyne complexes, and have been found to serve as versatile intermediates in catalytic carbene transfer reactions. Highlighted and reviewed in this account are the generation and preparation of pyranylidene, furylcarbene, pyrrolylcarbene, and vinylcarbene complexes and their application to [3,3]sigmatropic rearrangement of acylcyclopropylvinylidenes, catalytic cyclopropanation reactions, [2,3]sigmatropic rearrangement or condensation reactions via ylides, ring-opening and substitution reactions with heteroaromatic compounds, and catalytic isomerization of oligoynes.
Video Communication Optimization Using Distributed Edge Computing
Kouichi Genda,Mitsuru Abe,Shohei Kamamura 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09
We proposes a backbone network resource optimization algorithm for video communications that use edge computing. In the current video communication architecture, the key component of video communication, called the multi-point control unit (MCU), is deployed in the central cloud server, and its bandwidth consumption in the backbone network becomes enormous as the video resolution and the frequency of use increase. By implementing edge computing, the MCU can be deployed at the entrance node of the backbone network. This allows (i) a local loopback of video traffic at an edge, and (ii) traffic compression (e.g., thumbnailing) between edge nodes. Though these characteristics can reduce the resource consumption of the backbone network, the edge deployment and routing (EDR) problem, classified as NP-hard, should be solved to sufficiently reduce the bandwidth. To solve the NP-hard EDR problem within a feasible period, we propose a divide and merge algorithm based on the linear programming approach. With our algorithm, bandwidth consumption using edge computing is reduced by approximately 30% compared with the current video communication architecture in the world-wide network.
Kouichi Okamura,Takuya Kikuchi,Aya Murata,이인형,Haruo Yamada,Hisashi Inokuma,Naoki Sasaki 대한수의학회 2009 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.10 No.2
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prokinetic effects of mosapride with non-invasive assessment of myoelectrical activity in the small intestine and caecum of healthy horses after jejunocaecostomy. Six horses underwent celiotomy and jejunocaecostomy, and were treated with mosapride (treated group) at 1.5 mg/kg per osos once daily for 5 days after surgery. The other six horses did not receive treatment and were used as controls (non-treated group). The electrointestinography (EIG) maximum amplitude was used to measure intestinal motility. Motility significantly decreased following surgery. In the treated group, the EIG maximum amplitude of the small intestine was significantly higher than in the controls from day 6∼31 after treatment. These findings clearly indicate that mosapride could overcome the decline of intestinal motility after jejunocaecostomy in normal horses.
Kouichi Miura,Mitsuaki Ishioka,Katsunori Iijima 대한비만학회 2017 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.26 No.2
Obesity is characterized by low-grade chronic inflammation and is closely associated with the cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Emerging data demonstrate that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity by regulating the innate immune system, including the Toll-like receptors (TLRs): an altered gut microbiota composition and elevated TLR ligands are observed in obese mice and humans. The changes in the gut microbiota include an increased abundance of Firmicutes phylum and a decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum. The population of beneficial bacteria that function as probiotics is decreased whereas harmful bacteria that can produce lipopolysaccharide, a TLR4 ligand, are increased in the obese state. In addition, the gut permeability is increased in obesity, which allows the delivery of larger amounts of bacterial components to the liver through the portal vein. Immune cells recognize these bacterial components through TLRs and produce diverse cytokines that kill invading pathogens. However, the sustained activation of TLR signaling induces host damage due to chronic exposure to harmful cytokines, which are produced from TLR expressing cells, including monocytes/macrophages. In the obese state, the expression of TLR is increased in several organs, including the adipose tissue and the liver. At the cell level, negative regulators of TLR signaling are suppressed, leading to activation of TLR signaling. These alterations promote inflammation in many organs. Thus, the gut microbiota and TLR signaling are therapeutic targets in patients with obesity and its related diseases.
Kouichi Kawamura,Atushi Fujiwara,Mitsuya Yamada,Wataru Furukawa,Jun Kurita,Hiroyuki Okamoto 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.6
The bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) is a notorious exotic fish, which causes serious damages to freshwater ecosystems in the world. Therefore, it is a matter of urgency to control this species for the conservation of ecosystem. New microsatellite loci were developed for L. macrochirus using high throughput 454 GS-FLX+ pyrosequencing. We selected 24 primer pairs that were tested on 47 individuals from Lake Biwa, which encompasses the oldest and largest population of L. macrochirus in Japan. Allele per locus varied 2–17. Expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.185 to 0.888 and 0.120 to 0.872, respectively. Applied to L. macrochirus in Lake Biwa, these markers could detect genetic differentiation among populations, which showed a pattern of isolation by distance. These markers are expected to be useful in the estimation of population structure and ecology of L. macrochirus.