Influence of host plants on the development, survivorship, and fecundity of the summer fruit tortrix moth, Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Li Guang‐wei,Wang Hui‐min,Yang Wen‐tao,Chen Xiu‐lin,Li Bo‐liao,Chen Yu‐xin 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10

The summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana is a seriously damaged leaf roller pest for fruit trees. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five host plants (apple, Malus domestica B.; peach, Prunus persica var. nectarina; apricot, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; mulberry, Morus alba L.; and jujube, Ziziphus jujuba M.) on the development, survival, and fecundity of A. orana under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the development times of A. orana on jujube were significantly longer than those on the other four plants. The preimaginal survival rate was influenced by the host plants, which were fed during the larval stage, and with the highest on peach, followed by apple, apricot, and mulberry, and with the lowest on jujube. Adult females from larvae reared on apricot laid the greatest numbers of eggs (318.11 eggs per female), while that on apple, jujube, and mulberry was smaller, and no significant difference was observed among them. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed on peach and apricot; these two fruit trees were considered to be the most suitable host plant for A. orana because of the shorter developmental duration, higher survival rate, and the highest fecundity.

Bias load analysis and asymmetric modification of rollers in the main drive bearing of large roadheader

Xin-Qi Wang,Wei Sun,Lintao Wang,Shi-Hu Liang,Xiao-Kai Mu 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6

An asymmetric modification method for the roller profile was proposed to address the bias load effect of rollers in the main drive bearing of a large roadheader. A contact mechanics model of the bearing was solved, and line contact theory was used to explore the effect of combined load and convexity on the bias load effect. The contact stress was found to be asymmetrically distributed along the contact line. This trend tended to be remarkable with the decrease in axial load or the increase in overturning moment. Symmetrically modified rollers can be used to improve the bias load effect by increasing convexity. However, this process led to the contact stress concentrating in the roller center. The influence of the design parameters for asymmetric modification on the roller profile and the contact stress was considered. The ideal design parameters were determined by using a genetic algorithm. The contact condition and fatigue life were remarkably increased.

Susceptibility Loci Associations with Prostate Cancer Risk in Northern Chinese Men

Wang, Na-Na,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Wei, Dong,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Liu, Ming,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Liang, Si-Ying,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Yang, Yi-Ge,Tang, Lei,Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Wang, Xin,Chen, Xin,Hui, Juan,Zhang, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Background: KLK3 gene products, like human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), are important biomarkers in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). G protein-coupled receptor RFX6, C2orf43 and FOXP4 signaling plays important roles in the development of PCa. However, associations of these genes with PCa in northern Chinese men remain to be detailed. This study aimed to investigate their impact on occurrence and level of malignancy. Methods: All subjects were from Beijing and Tianjin, including 266 cases with prostate cancer and 288 normal individuals as controls. We evaluated associations between clinical covariates (age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen, Gleason score, tumor stage and aggressive) and 6 candidate PCa risk loci, genotyped by PCR- high resolution melting curve and sequencing methods. Results: Case-control analysis of allelic frequency of PCa associated with PCa showed that one of the 6 candidate risk loci, rs339331 in the RFX6 gene, was associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.57-0.94, P = 0.013) in northern Chinese men. In addition, subjects with CX (CC+TC) genotypes had a decreased risk for prostrate cancer compared to those carrying the TT homozygote (OR =0.64, 95% CI = 0.45- 0.90, P = 0.008). The TT genotype of 13q22 (rs9600079, T) was associated with tumor stage (P=0.044, OR=2.34, 95% CI=0.94-5.87). Other SNPs were not significantly associated with clinical covariates in prostate cancer (P > 0.05). Conclusions. rs339331 in the RFX6 gene may be associated with prostate cancer as a susceptibility locus in northern Chinese men.

Taxonomic Study of Peltigera (Peltigreaceae, Ascomycota) in Korea

Xin Li Wei,Xin Yu Wang,Young Jin Koh,Jae Seoun Hur The Korean Society of Mycology 2009 Mycobiology Vol.37 No.3

Probing the nature of high‐<i>z</i> short GRB 090426 with its early optical and X‐ray afterglows

Xin, Li‐,Ping,Liang, En‐,Wei,Wei, Jian‐,Yan,Zhang, Bing,Lv, Hou‐,Jun,Zheng, Wei‐,Kang,Urata, Yuji,Im, Myungshin,Wang, Jing,Qiu, Yu‐,Lei,Deng, Jin‐,Song,Huang, Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.410 No.1

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>GRB 090426 is a short‐duration burst detected by <I>Swift</I> (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu1.gif' alt ='inline image'/> s in the observer frame and <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu2.gif' alt ='inline image'/> s in the burst frame at <I>z</I>= 2.609). Its host galaxy properties and some gamma‐ray‐related correlations are analogous to those seen in long‐duration gamma‐ray bursts (GRBs), which are believed to be of a massive star origin (so‐called Type II GRBs). We present the results of its early optical observations with the 0.8‐m Tsinghua University–National Astronomical Observatory of China Telescope (TNT) at Xinglong Observatory and the 1‐m LOAO telescope at Mt Lemmon Optical Astronomy Observatory in Arizona. Our well‐sampled optical afterglow light curve covers from <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu3.gif' alt ='inline image'/> to 10<SUP>4</SUP> s after the GRB trigger. It shows two shallow decay episodes that are likely due to energy injection, which end at <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu4.gif' alt ='inline image'/> and 7100 s, respectively. The decay slopes after the injection phases are consistent with each other (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu5.gif' alt ='inline image'/>). The X‐ray afterglow light curve appears to trace the optical, although the second energy‐injection phase was missed due to visibility constraints introduced by the <I>Swift</I> orbit. The X‐ray spectral index is <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu6.gif' alt ='inline image'/> without temporal evolution. Its decay slope is consistent with the prediction of the forward shock model. Both X‐ray and optical emission are consistent with being in the same spectral regime above the cooling frequency (<IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu7.gif' alt ='inline image'/>). The fact that <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_17419_mu8.gif' alt ='inline image'/> is below the optical band from the very early epoch of the observation provides a constraint on the burst environment, which is similar to that seen in classical long‐duration GRBs. We therefore suggest that death of a massive star is the possible progenitor of this short burst.</P>

Efficacy and Safety of Sorafenib for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Wang, Wei-Lan,Tang, Zhi-Hui,Xie, Ting-Ting,Xiao, Bing-Kun,Zhang, Xin-Yu,Guo, Dai-Hong,Wang, Dong-Xiao,Pei, Fei,Si, Hai-Yan,Zhu, Man Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate sorafenib for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but the results for efficacy have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced NSCLC in more detail by meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed after searching PubMed, EMBASE, ASCO Abstracts, ESMO Abstracts, and the proceedings of major conferences for relevant clinical trials. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials. Outcomes analysis were disease control rate (DCR), progression- free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and major toxicity. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to sorafenib monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI to investigate the preferred therapy strategy. Results: Results reported from 6 RCTs involving 2, 748 patients were included in the analysis. Compared to sorafenib-free group, SBT was not associated with higher DCR (RR 1.31 (0.96- 1.79), p=0.09), PFS (HR 0.82 (0.66-1.02), p=0.07) and OS (HR 1.01 (0.92-1.12), p=0.77). In terms of subgroup results, sorafenib monotherapy was associated with significant superior DCR and longer PFS, but failed to show advantage with regard to OS. Grade 3 or greater sorafenib-related adverse events included fatigue, hypertension, diarrhea, oral mucositis, rash and HFSR. Conclusions: SBT was revealed to yield no improvement in DCR, PFS and OS. However, sorafenib as monotherapy showed some activity in NSCLC. Further evaluation may be considered in subsets of patients who may benefit from this treatment. Sorafenib combined inhibition therapy should be limited unless the choice of platinum-doublet regimen, administration sequence or identification of predictive biomarkers are considered to receive better anti-tumor activity and prevention of resistance mechanisms.

Genetic diversity and population structure of the amylolytic yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera associated with Baijiu fermentation in China

Wang Ju-Wei,Han Pei-Jie,Han Da-Yong,Zhou Sen,Li Kuan,He Peng-Yu,Zhen Pan,Yu Hui-Xin,Liang Zhen-Rong,Wang Xue-Wei,Bai Feng-Yan 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.8

The amylolytic yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is a predominant species in starters and the early fermentation stage of Chinese liquor (Baijiu). However, the genetic diversity of the species remains largely unknown. Here we sequenced the genomes of 97 S. fibuligera strains from different Chinese Baijiu companies. The genetic diversity and population structure of the strains were analyzed based on 1,133 orthologous genes and the whole genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Four main lineages were recognized. One lineage contains 60 Chinese strains which are exclusively homozygous with relatively small genome sizes (18.55–18.72 Mb) and low sequence diversity. The strains clustered in the other three lineages are heterozygous with larger genomes (21.85–23.72 Mb) and higher sequence diversity. The genomes of the homozygous strains showed nearly 100% coverage with the genome of the reference strain KPH12 and the sub-genome A of the hybrid strain KJJ81 at the above 98% sequence identity level. The genomes of the heterozygous strains showed nearly 80% coverage with both the sub-genome A and the whole genome of KJJ81, suggesting that the Chinese heterozygous strains are also hybrids with nearly 20% genomes from an unidentified source. Eighty-three genes were found to show significant copy number variation between different lineages. However, remarkable lineage specific variations in glucoamylase and α-amylase activities and growth profiles in different carbon sources and under different environmental conditions were not observed, though strains exhibiting relatively high glucoamylase activity were mainly found from the homozygous lineage.

Isolation, Characterization, and Application of Chitosan-Degrading Fungus from Soil

( Xin Lin Wei ),( Wei Chen ),( Ming Xiao ),( Jian Bo Xiao ),( Yuan Feng Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.7

Preventive Effect of Actinidia Valvata Dunn Extract on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced Gastrointestinal Cancer in Rats

Wang, Xia,Liu, Hao,Wang, Xin,Zeng, Zhi,Xie, Li-Qun,Sun, Zhi-Guang,Wei, Mu-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the preventive effect of Actinidia valvata Dunn (AVD) extract on an animal model of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis on the basis of changes in tumor incidence, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided into five different treatment groups with 15 rats in each group. Group I was given normal feed, whereas Groups II to IV were treated with 10% sodium chloride in the first six weeks and 100ug/mL of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in drinking water for 24 weeks. Group II was then given normal feed, whereas Group III was given AVD extract (0.24g/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Group IV was given AVD extract from the first week to the 36th week, whereas Group V was treated with AVD extract alone for 36 weeks. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the 36-week experiment and assessed for the presence of gastrointestinal tumors. The occurrence of cancer was evaluated by histology. Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and cyclinD1 were determined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. Results: The incidences of gastric cancer were 0% in Group I, 73.3% in Group II, 33.3% in Group III, 26.7% in Group IV, and 0% in Group V. Bcl-2 and cyclinD1 expression was decreased in AVD extract treated groups, whereas Bax and Caspase-3 expression was increased. Comparison with group II revealed significant differences (p<0.01). Conclusions: AVD extract exhibits an obvious preventive effect on gastrointestinal carcinogenesis induced by MNNG in rats through the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Comparison of Primary Breast Cancer Size by Mammography and Sonography

Wang, Jian-Tao,Chang, Li-Ming,Song, Xin,Zhao, Li-Xin,Li, Jun-Tao,Zhang, Wei-Guo,Ji, Ying-Bin,Cai, Li-Na,Di, Wei,Yang, Xin-Yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Purpose: To compare tumor size by mammography and sonography and align with pathological results in primary breast cancer cases. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 95 primary breast cancer patients who underwent mammography and sonography from January 2011 to June 2012. The largest tumor diameter was chosen as sizing reference for each imaging modality. The measurements of mammography and sonography were considered concordant if they were within the measurement of pathological results ${\pm}0.5cm$. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for imaging results. Results: The range of the maximum diameter was 0.6cm-10.5cm and mean value was $3.81{\pm}2.04cm$ by pathological results, 0.7cm-12.4 cm and $3.99{\pm}2.19cm$ by mammography, and 0.9cm-11.0cm and $3.63{\pm}2.01cm$ by sonography, respectively. Sonography (R: 0.754), underestimated tumor size, but had a better correlation with pathological tumor size compared to mammography (R: 0.676), which overestimated tumor size. Conclusions: Sonography is superior to mammography in assessment of primary breast cancer.