Long-term Stability after Reduction of Mandible Fracture by Keyhole Plate: Evaluation at the Time of Plate Removal

Cheon, Kyeong-Jun,Cho, Seoung-Won,Jang, Won-Seok,Kim, Ju-Won,Yang, Byoung-Eun Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-

Background: Various types of miniplates have been developed and used for the reduction of facial bone fractures. We introduced Yang's Keyhole (YK) plate, and reported on its short-term stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of the YK plate, as a follow-up study, by examining the patients who had used the YK plate among the patients with the reduction of mandible fractures and who visited for plate removal. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a YK plate (group I) and 17 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a conventional plate (group II). Assessment was then made on malunion, occlusal stability, discomfort during the application, and clinical symptoms. Results: From January 2015 to December 2017, a total of 36 patients underwent mandibular fracture surgery using a YK plate. A total of 16 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 1 female. The average age was 26 years. The applied surgical sites were the 12 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of YK plate was an average of 335 days. During the same period, 45 people underwent surgery on the conventional plate. A total of 17 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 2 females. The average age was 36 years. The applied surgical sites were the 8 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of the conventional plate was an average of 349 days. No malocclusion occurred at the time of removal, and occlusion was stable. No patient complained of joint disease or discomfort. Conclusion: The YK plate system, in which the screw was first inserted and the plate was applied, for clinical convenience did not cause any particular problem and no significant difference from the conventional plate.

레진모형근관에서 엔진구동형 및 수동형 ProTaper 파일로 근관성형 후 근관형태 변화에 대한 비교연구

양인석,강인철,황윤찬,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.5

본 연구는 형태 및 재질이 동일한 엔진구동형 ProTaper 파일과 수동형 ProTaper 파일을 이용하여 레진모형근관을 성형한 후 근관형태 변화를 비교 분석하고자 시행되었다. 본 연구에서는 레진모형근관으로 총 40개의 J자와 S자의 근관형태가 재현된 ENDO-TRAINING BLOC을 사용하였다. 근관 성형 기구로는 엔진구동형 Ni-Ti 파일로 ProTaper^(TM), 수동형 Ni-Ti 파일로 ProTaper^(®) For Hand Use를 사용하였다. 사용된 레진모형근관과 파일의 종류에 따라 10개씩 4개의 그룹으로 나누어 근관성형을 시행하였다. 근관 성형 전 · 후 이미지를 스캐너 (Color scanner, UMAX Techologies, Inc., USA)를 이용하여 얻은 후, Photoshop 7.0 프로그램 (Adobe System Inc., USA)을 이용하여 이미지를 중첩하였다. 이미지 분석 프로그램 (Image-Pro^(®) Plus, Media Cybernetic, USA)을 이용하여 치근단 쪽에서부터 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 및 7 ㎜ 수준에서 근관 성형에 따른 근관의 내측 및 외측 폭경의 변화량, 근관 총폭경의 변화량, 근관 중심축의 변위량을 측정하였다. 또한 근관 성형 시간을 기록하였다. 두 기구 사이의 유의성 검정을 위해 독립 표본 t-검정을 시행하여, 근관 성형 시 수동형 ProTaper 파일에 엔진구동형 ProTaper 파일에 비해 근관 중심축의 변위가 유의하게 덜 일어나며 근관의 원래 형태를 더욱 잘 유지할 수 있지만, 근관 성형시간은 길어질 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다. The purpose of this study was to compare the canal configuration after shaping by ProTaper rotary files and ProTaper hand files in resin simulated canals. Forty resin simulated canals with a curvature of J-shape and S-shape were divided into four groups by 10 blocks each. Simulated root canals in resin block were prepared by ProTaper rotary files and ProTaper hand files using a crown-down pressureless technique. All simulated canals were prepared up to size #25 file at end-point of preparation. Pre- and post-instrumentation images were recorded with color scanner. Assessment of canal shape was completed with an image analysis program. Measurements were made at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 ㎜ from the apex. At each level, outer canal width, inner canal width, total canal width, and amount of transportation from original axis were recorded. Instrumentation time was recorded. The data were analyzed statistically using independent t-test. The result was that ProTaper hand files cause significantly less canal transportation from original axis of canal body and maintain original canal configuration better than ProTaper rotary files, however ProTaper hand files take more shaping time.

日本語 音聲敎育에 있어서의 が行子音 考察

梁元碩 慶尙大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.17 No.2

It is natural that everyone should want to speak and write, using the correct, excellent words, expressions, an dpronounciations so far as he has affection for his native lantguage. Japanese consonant "/g/" among Japanese 50 sounds is pronounced generally as [g] in initial sound, including words of onomatopoeia and foreign origni. But the same consonant is also pronounced as [g] and [?] when it comes between vowels or under the phonological circumstance of /-NgV/. The Japanese standard sound claims it to be pronounced as [?], but the Japanese young generation tends to pronounce as[g]. In this study I put stress upon the problem how we should distinguish such a contradictive tendency of "/g/" pronounciation in our class room. I picked up only /g/, because /g/ has really two kinds of pronounciations as [g] and [?] in the same phonological circuumstance, but that does not cause a semantic opposition. I tried make it clear in this study why we must choose as a standard pronounciation for studying Japanese language in Korean. I also collected the words which are pronounced as [g] between vowels from "Japanese pronounciation dictionary." I hope it will be put into practice in learning Japanese.

Profile^(Ⓡ), ProTaper™ 및 K^(3TM) Ni-Ti파일의 과기구 조작이 치근단공 변위에 미치는 영향

양현,양인석,황윤찬,황인남,윤숙자,김원재,오원만 대한치과보존학회 2007 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.32 No.2

본 연구는 ProFile, ProTaper 및 K^(3)를 이용하여 과잉 기구 조작에 의해 근관 성형 시 근관의 만곡형태와 Ni-Ti 파일의 종류에 따라 치근단공이 어떻게 변위 되는지를 비교 분석하고자 시행되었다. 본 실험에서는 레진모형근관으로 J자와 S자의 근관 형태가 재현된 ENDO-TRAINING BLOC을 사용하였다. 근관 성형 기구로는 ProFile^(®), ProTaper™, K^(3TM)를 사용하였다. 총 60개의 레진모형근관을 사용하였으며, 사용된 레진모형근관 및 Ni-Ti 파일의 종류에 따라 10개씩 6개의 군으로 나누어 근관성형을 시행하였다. 근관 성형 전·후 이미지를 Image-analyzing microscope 100X를 이용하여 얻고 Photoshop 7.0 프로그램을 이용하여 중첩하였다. 이미지 분석 프로그램을 이용하여 근관 성형 전·후 치근단공의 중심으로부터의 직경 변화량과 면적을 측정한 결과 만곡된 근관의 성형시 치근단공이 주로 만곡의 외측으로 변위됨을 나타내며 ProFile이 ProTaper나 K^(3) 보다 통계적으로 유의성이 있게 작은 변화량을 나타내어 근관성형시 바람직한 기구임을 시사한다. This study was done to evaluate transportation of the apical foramen after 0.5 mm overinstrumentation by ProFile, ProTaper and K^(3) in simulated resin root canal. Sixty simulated resin root canal with a curvature of J and S-shape were divided into two groups. Each group consisted of three subgroups with 10 blocks according to the instruments used: ProFile^(®), ProTaper™, and K^(3TM). Simulated resin root canal was prepared by ProFile, ProTaper and K^(3) with 300 rpm by the crown-down preparation technique. Pre- and post-instrumentation apical foramen images were overlapped and recorded with Image-analyzing microscope 100X (Camcope, Sometech Inc, Korea). The amounts of difference in width and dimension on overlapped images were measured after reference points were determined by Image Analysis program (Image-Pro^(®) Express, Media Cybernetic, USA). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test. The results suggest that ProFile showed significantly less canal transportation and maintained original apical foramen shape better than K^(3) and ProTaper.

韓 ·日 兩國語의 呼稱에 對한 社會言語學的 考察 : 自稱 對稱을 中心으로 Largely on Oneself and the Other Person

梁元碩 慶尙大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.18 No.2

Though it can be said that the difficulties in learning of foreign languages arise from the different linguistic form and grammatical structure, the real factor of the difficulties may be the fact that it is difficult to understand the sociopsychological linguistic consciousness in the linguistic behavior of the people in question. While human thought is expressed in the objective and universal way in such languages as English, it is specifically expressed in the subjective way according to the environment in Korean and Japanese. This is aimed to study the Title of person( I(self) and You(the Prety)) related to the honorific expression in Korean and Japanese form a sociolinguistic point of view. We, first, intented to compare the forms of calling oneself and others in the home environment with the relationship between family members, and further, to examine wether the principle of home behavior hold in the social life. From this study we realized that two nations, Korean and Japan, share a great deal of the similarity in rank sense, especially of the upper and lower, which was caused by the class conciousness of the feudalistic social state and Confucian view of value acquired throgh their history. Another thing we can say is that their ways of expression are together dependent on a particular environment in the relationship between title and honorific expression, though they have a little difference. In addition, sociopsychological approach on linguistic behavior is required for further study.

거대 긴장성 낭종으로 내원한 폐 Langerhans 세포 조직주증

양석철,손장원,윤호주,신동호,박성수,함시영,장세진,박용욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2000 한양의대 학술지 Vol.20 No.1

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a hetergenous group of conditions of unknown etiology characterized by an abnormal proliferation of antigen presenting cell of bone marrow derivation known as Langerhans cells that invade and destroy distal bronchioles. The outcome is highly variable, ranging from rapid spontaneous resolution to irreversible respiratory failure. We describe a patient with biopsy-confirmed pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis who presented with large tension cyst, treated with pneumothorax tube with Heimlich flutter valve.

정맥내 통증자가조절법을 이용한 Nalbuphine-Ketorolac과 Butorphanol-Ketorolac의 술후 진통효과 비교

윤석화,이원형,손수창,신용섭,김윤희,양신영 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

This study aimed to compare analgegic efficacy, satisfaction score and side effect of nalbuphine-ketorolac and butorphanol-ketorolac by using intravenous patient controlled analgesia(IV-PCA) for postoperative anlgesia following a gastrectomy for stomach cancer. Ninety patients who had undergone gastrectomy for stomach cancer under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Each group recieived nalbuphine 50mg with ketorolac 150mg(Group 1, n=45) and butorphanol 5mg with ketorolac 150mg(Group 2, n=45) by using IV-PCA during postoperative 48hrs. Assessments for pain with numerical rating scale(NRS), and side effects were evaluated at 2hr, 6hr, 12hr, 24hr, 36hr and 48hr after the operation. There were no significant difference in NRS for pain during rest, but Group 2 requested significantly greater amount of supplementary diclofenac during first 24 hours. Side effects were higher Group 1 in pruritus, nausea and vomiting and Group 2 in sedation, nausea and vomiting. This study suggests that adding ketorolac with intravenous nalbuphine or butrophanol in using an intravenous PCA can decrease analgesics requirement and improve analgesic property without the major morbidity like respiratory depression, but needs for the careful observation and treatment on the side effects like nausea. vomiting, pruritis and sedation...

安城川의 流量變化에 따른 水質 汚染度

安元植,梁祐碩 수원대학교 산업기술연구소 1995 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.10 No.-

Generally, as the fluid volume increases, the degree of contamination should decreases. However in the target area of this study which involves Anseong River, as the fluid volume increases from the draught vol., degree of contamination has increased also. The results of this study has been found as the following. 1) As the fluid vol., increases from low flow vol., average flow vol., self-purification capacity of the river increases and the degree of contamination shoud decrease. But as the fluid vol. increases, we see that the degree of contamination increases prapartionately and this is assumed to be due to NPS and the phenomenon of flatation of contamination sediments on the bottom of the river. 2) We are able to determine the flow in propotion to quality of load quantity through an anniversary of analysis revealed linear relationship. 3) Using an anniversary of analysis, we were able to predict seasonal amount of floating contaminants per fluid vol. 4) Using this result, we determined the amount of diluting agent (base on the 2nd. degree of water according to Environment preservation directive) to be increasing in linear relation to the fluid vol. of the river and seasonal changes would be expected to have a similar effect.

유년기 Ⅲ급 부정교합자에서 이모장치의 치료 효과에 관한 연구

남동석,서정훈,양원식,장영일 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.4

본 연구는 유년기의 하악 전돌성 III급 부정교합자에게 이모장치를 착용하여 치료하였을 때 나타나는 변화를, 보다 적절한 대조군을 이용하여 알아보고자 시행하였다. 이모장치를 이용하여 치료한 하악전돌의 골격성 III급 부정교합자중에서 치료 시작 시기가 약 7세경인 29명(남자 14명, 여자 15명)을 실험군으로 하였고, 비슷한 연령으로 골격적 상태가 유사하며 어떤 형태의 교정치료도 받지 않은 III급 부정교합자 21명(남자10명, 여자11명)을 대조군으로 하였다. 2년의 관찰 기간을 거쳐, 초기 및 2년 후의 두부방사선사진을 계측 분석하여 그 변화량을 비교한 결과 (t-test, p<0.05) 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 이모장치를 착용하지 않은 대조군에서는 악골의 부조화가 개선되지 않고, 심화되는 방향으로 성장하였다. 즉, 치료하지 않은 하악 전돌성 III급 부정교합자는 성장에 의해 개선이 일어나지 않음을 나타내었다. 이모장치를 착용한 실험군에서는 전후방 골격 부조화가 감소하였으며, 하악 전돌감이 개선되었다. 2. 두개저와 상악골의 성장은 이모장치에 의해 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 3. 이모장치의 하악골 성장억제 효과를 인정할 수 없었으나, 하악골의 성장 방향의 변화 및 성장 형태의 변화가 관찰되었다. 4. 이모장치 착용시 수직적 성장 경향이 증가하였다. 5. 연구 성적을 종합적으로 검토한 결과, 이모장치의 주된 치료 기전은 하악골의 후하방 회전과 변위이며, 성장 방향과 형태의 변화가 부분적으로 기여한다고 볼 수 있었다. 위의 결과를 종합해 보면 이모장치의 치료효과는 하악 골격 성장의 억제효과라기 보다는 하악골의 후방 회전과 변위에 의한 것이며 성장기 하악 전돌성 III급 부정교합자에서 골격 부조화의 개선 및 전돌감 해소에 유용한 장치라고 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the craniofacial skeleton subsequent to chincap therapy in the juvenile skeletal Class III malocclusion with more appropriate control samples. The experimental group consisted of 29 Korean children(14 males, 15 females) who had skeletal Class III malocclusion with prognathic mandible and were undergone chincap therapy from the beginning of treatment. The control group was composed of 21 Korean children(10 males,11 females) who had no orthodontic treatment, but with similar skeletal discrepancies to experimental group. Lateral cephalometric radiographs at the age of 7, and 2 years later were analyized and compared with student`s t-test(p<0.05). The results of this study were as follows; 1. The control group without chincap therapy had not shown any improvement of the skeletal discrepancies, but had grown to be much severe. This means that the untreated Class III patient with prognathic mandible would not be corrected by growth. For the experimental group with chincap therapy, the anterior-posterior skeletal discrepanices and mandibular prognathism were both improved. 2. Neither significant restraint nor acceleration of growth was found in the cranial base and maxilla by chincap treatment. 3. The inhibition of mandibular growth could not be accepted, but the changes of the direction of growth and morphological changes were found. 4. Vertical growth tendency was increased with chincap therapy. 5. When putting together the results of the analyses, it seems to be the rotation and displacement of the mandible that the major treatment effects of chincap are. The changes of the direction of growth and the morphological changes also seems to contibute to the treatment effect partly. In summary, the chincap doesn`t restrain the mandibular growth. But, it is considered as a useful treatment modality for correction of skeletal discrepancies and reduction of mandibular prognathism in growing Class III patients with madibular prognathism.

악교정 수술후 골격성 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자의 하악운동 변화에 관한 연구

남동석,양원식,서정훈,장영일 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자에서 악교정 수술 전후의 하악운동 양상을 관찰하여 수술에 의한 하악운동의 변화를 평가하기 위하여 시행되었다. 서울대학교병원 교정과에서 골격성 III급 부정교합으로 진단받고 수술 전 교정치료를 받은 후, 동 병원 악안면구강외과에서 악교정 수술을 시행한 20명(남;9명, 여;11명)을 대상으로 수술 직전과 수술 2-7개월 후에 Sirognathograph와 BioPak EGN을 이용하여 최대 개폐구 운동과 시상면, 전두면, 수평면에서의 하악한계운동을 기록하고 21개의 항목을 계측하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수술 후에 가장 큰 변화를 보인 항목은 시상면상 전방 운동각도로서, 수술 전 17.4°에서 수술 후 38.8°로 증가하였다. 또한 전치 유도가 형성됨에 따라 전방운동 궤적도 일직선에서 상악 절치의 형태에 따른 곡선으로 변하였다. 2. 수술 전후를 비교할 때 p<0.01 수준에서 유의성을 보인 항목들은 최대 개폐구 운동시 최대 개구량과 최대 전후방 운동량, 시상면상 최대 개구량, 전두면상 좌측방 운동각도의 4항목이었다. 3. 수술 전후를 비교할 때 p<0.05 수준에서 유의성을 보인 항목들은 전두면상 최대 좌우 운동폭, 수평면상 최대 우측방 운동거리, 최대 좌측방 운동각의 3항목이었다. 4. 최대 개폐구 운동시 최대 개구량과 최대 전후방 운동량은 수술 후 측정시간에 따른 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 즉 2, 3개월군에서보다 5, 6, 7개월군에서 더 많은 운동량 회복을 나타내었다. 5. 수술 전 불규칙하던 개폐구시 운동 궤적은 수술 후 개구로와 폐구로가 일치하며 부드러운 곡선을 이루었는데, 이는 악교정 수술에 의해 교합장애가 제거되었기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in mandibular movement patterns after orthognathic surgery in skeletal Class III patients. The sample consisted of 20 Class III malocclusion patients(9 males, 11 females). Just before and after(2-7months) surgery, maximum opening & closing movement, mandibular border movement on sagittal, frontal and horizontal planes were recorded using Sirognathograph & BioPak EGN. On each record, 21 items were measured and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. Angle of protrusive movement on sagittal plane showed greatest change after surgery. Also, as the incisal guidance was established by surgery, straight path of protrusive movement became curved line. 2. Maximum opening distance and maximum antero-posterior distance on maximum opening & closing movement, maximum opening distance on sagittal plane, angle of left lateral excursion on frontal plane were statistically significant after surgery(p<0.01). 3. Maximum width of lateral excursion on frontal plane, distane of right lateral excursion and angle of maximum left lateral excursion on horizontal plane were statistically significant after surgery(p<0.05). 4. Maximum opening distance and maximum antero-posterior distance on maximum opening % closing movement showed significant differences according to post-surgical time(p<0.05). More recovery of range of movement occured in 5-7month group than in 2-3month group. 5. As the occlusal interferences were removed by orthognathic surgery, irregular opening & closing path became smooth curve.