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洪始煥,朴寬燮,任文淳,全順任 건국대학교 1978 學術誌 Vol.22 No.1
Our country has many limestone caves. There are about two hundred and thirty caves all over the country. Among them ninth percentages are limestone caves. We divide them into four classes as the limestone cove, lava cave erosion cave. We dlassify them with the component of formation for example, the limestone cave in the Karst region, the erosion cave in the seaside and the lava cave around the volcanic zone in Jeaioo Island. With geographical distribution, we could discover the limestone eave generally around the Gangwon Province, the Gyungsang Province the Chungcheung Province and the lava cave in Jea boo Province. The erosion caves are developed along the coast. With the geological period, we could discover the limestone cave mainly in the Cambro-Oldovisian Stage. We can see the anvient creature in the cave, not discovered at the surface, because the living things in the cave were late for the development. And the direction of the cave has connection with geological features. Mainly it agree with a fault plane. Generally Caves maintain the temperature from 14 degrees to 17 degrees. Thus, the fried temperature is a character of the cave. From old time, cave is made use for the place of the residence. Academic study for the cave began in earnest at the late 19th century. Comparaticely spealcing, we started studying only ten years ago. We used only cave for the place of refuse. And the cave is used for storehouse or the place in order to train the mind. Now we had to study to utilize the cave in our new period. For the temperature of the cave is fixed, we can use the cave for store. Now we had to study to utilize the cave in our new period. For the temperature of the cave is fixed, we can use the cave for storehouse of the crops or of the military goods. It is important for the cave to use for the military strategy. And it is possible to captivate the mushroom in the cave. Besides, we can use the pond of the cave for fish-breeding, as Japan is utilizing the cave for a fry-breeding. It is vary important to investigate the size or form of our many caves so as to serve the national safety.
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GIS를 이용한 산림녹지역의 경관변화분석 : 식생지수(NDVI)중심으로
서주환,이시영,이종성,박남옥 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 1999 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.2 No.1
The purpose of this study is to find out Landscape Change Analysis of Forestland Using NDVI of Landsat TM on Suwon, Anyang, Sungnam, Ansan City as the subject of investigation. The characteristics of landscape change of them are as follows : 1. As a result of landcover classification in each area, the forestland decressed by 22.8% in Ansan, 21.2% in Suwon, 3.7% in Anyang and 3.1% in Sungnam. 2. By the change of landscape in NDVI indicated by band4 and band3 of Landsat TM, total incresmemt is Suwon(0.0155), Anyang(0.0239), Sungnam(0.0371), Ansan(0.0049) in 1993. therefore the quality of vegetation seems to be analysized as Sungnam > Anyang > Suwon > Ansan city. 3. In the 6, 7 level of NDVI which is very importance in enviromental impact asscesment, it is indicated that the place of some problem about landscape management in ecological health is Ansan city a mong of them because the area of that decreased in NDVI.
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洪始煥,朴冕用 건국대학교 1979 學術誌 Vol.23 No.2
This paper reviews the general status of stalactite caves which were found and are utilized for sight-seeing in Korea, and also summarizes the results of investigations on properties of natural stalactite caves. The cavernous phenomena such as the water quality, atmospheric phenomena, secondary grown products, ecological adaptation, environmental pollution and the breakage of stalactite are compared between those of cave a which are opened already sight-seeing and unresults are discussed and also compared with the caves in other countries. Environmental pollutions in Korean stalactite caves are as the following : The animate matters in caves are disappeared gradually from the time of exposure for sight-seeing. The kinds and abundance of the animate matters favoring the cavernous life or coming from the outside of caves have relativity to temperature, moisture and atmospheric conditions in caves. The water quality is consistent throughout the entire flow passage in a cave, but calcium content were less with the increase of flowing water volume in a cave. Atmospheric phenomena at entrance of a cave show a slight difference from the inner atmosphere, and the moisture content in cavernous atmosphere are increased with the cave depth. The secondary growth of stalactite are not taken place at the entry, because of low moesture content in air. However, stalactite secondary growth were prominent at inner cave where the moisture content is more than 90%. The temperature variation in the caves are negligible through all seasones in a year. The following conditions are critical to conserve the cavernous environmental pollution and the original form of caves. Some caves should not be exposed to the sight-seeing for academic studies. If the caves are open for sight-seeing, the entrance should be restricted with an adequate to limit the changes of atmospheric phenomena. In rainy season, the surface water flowing outside of cave should be protected from entering into the caves and water pool should be drained out to outside of cave. Proper number of waste cans should be provided along the pathway in the caves.
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조재환,김태균,박시현,박준형 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2003 농업경영정책연구 Vol.30 No.3
This paper analyzes urban residents' preference on rural tourism using a survey data. The results show that even though urban residents are unaware of rural tourism, people who have experienced rural tourism set a high value on it. Urban residents are willing to pay about 93,600Won for rural tourism. These results indicate that there is a lot of potential demand for rural tourism. The results of this paper could be an important information to develop the rural tourism.
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Effect of Sulfurization Temperature on Solution-Processed Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films.
Park, Si-Nae,Sung, Shi-Joon,Son, Dae-Ho,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Sim, Jun-Hyoung,Kang, Jin-Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.3
<P>Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells are attracting significant attention as an alternative to CIGS (Culn1-xGa(x)S2) solar cells because of the non-toxic and inexpensive constituent elements of CZTS. Recently, solution-based deposition methods are being developed because they have advantages such as suitability for use in large-area deposition, high-throughput manufacturing, and a very short energy payback time with drastically lower manufacturing costs. In this work, we fabricated solution-based CZTS thin films and investigated them in order to observe the effects of sulfurization temperature on CZTS thin films. We confirmed the grain size, morphology, chemical composition, crystallinity, and electrical properties of CZTS thin films depending on various sulfurization temperatures.</P>
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Shi Hyun Rhew,안영근,김민철,Su Young Jang,Kyung Hoon Cho,Seung Hwan Hwang,Min Goo Lee,고점석,Keun Ho Park,심두선,윤남식,윤현주,김계훈,홍영준,박형욱,김주한,정명호,조정관,박종춘,강정채 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2012 전남의대학술지 Vol.48 No.1
The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients without significant stenosis on a coronary angiogram comparison with the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with significant coronary artery stenosis. A total of 1,220 patients with AMI were retrospectively classified into Group I (≥50% diameter stenosis, n=1,120) and Group II (<50%, n=100). Group II was further divided into two subgroups according to the underlying etiology: cryptogenic (Group II-a, n=54) and those with possible causative factors (Group II-b, n=46). Patients in Group II were younger, were more likely to be women,and were less likely to smoke and to have diabetes mellitus than were patients in Group I. The levels of cardiac enzymes, LDL-cholesterol levels, and the apo-B/A1 ratio were lower in Group II. However, 1-month and 12-month rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were not significantly different between the two groups. The Group II-b subgroup comprised 29 patients with vasospasm, 11 with myocardial bridge, and 6 with spontaneous thrombolysis. Left ventricular ejection fraction and creatinine clearance were lower and levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were higher in Group II-a than in Group II-b. However, outcomes including MACE and mortality at 12 months were not significantly different between the two subgroups. The 1-year outcomes of patients in Group II were similar to those of patients in Group I. The clinical outcomes in Group II-a were also similar to those of Group II-b, although the former group showed higher levels of NT-proBNP and hs-CRP.
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Park, Si-Nae,Sung, Shi-Joon,Sim, Jun-Hyoung,Yang, Kee-Jeong,Hwang, Dae-Kue,Kim, JunHo,Kim, Gee Yeong,Jo, William,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Kyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Nanoscale Vol.7 No.25
<P>Nanoporous p-type semiconductor thin films prepared by a simple solution-based process with appropriate thermal treatment and three-dimensional (3D) p-n junction solar cells fabricated by depositing n-type semiconductor layers onto the nanoporous p-type thin films show considerable photovoltaic performance compared with conventional thin film p-n junction solar cells. Spin-coated p-type Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) thin films prepared using metal chlorides and thiourea show unique nanoporous thin film morphology, which is composed of a cluster of CZTS nanograins of 50-500 nm, and the obvious 3D p-n junction structure is fabricated by the deposition of n-type CdS on the nanoporous CZTS thin films by chemical bath deposition. The photovoltaic properties of 3D p-n junction CZTS solar cells are predominantly affected by the scale of CZTS nanograins, which is easily controlled by the sulfurization temperature of CZTS precursor films. The scale of CZTS nanograins determines the minority carrier transportation within the 3D p-n junction between CZTS and CdS, which are closely related with the photocurrent of series resistance of 3D p-n junction solar cells. 3D p-n junction CZTS solar cells with nanograins below 100 nm show power conversion efficiency of 5.02%, which is comparable with conventional CZTS thin film solar cells.</P>
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Investigation of crystallization behavior of CIG-Se bi-layer thin films.
Park, Mi Sun,Sung, Shi-Joon,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2012 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.12 No.4
<P>Copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGSe) thin film was fabricated via a thermal treatment of GIG-Se bi-layer thin films. A CIG layer was prepared first, by a chemical solution deposition (CSD) process. The Se layer was deposited separately on the CIG layer by evaporation. The GIG-Se bi-layer then underwent a thermal treatment to cause a reaction between the two layers. In order to investigate the mechanism of CIG-Se bi-layer crystallization, the thermal treatment temperature was varied. The properties of the prepared CIGSe2 thin films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and UV-visible spectrophotometry.</P>
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