주차원단위 산정 모형 개발에 관한 연구 -광주광역시 공동 주택 아파트를 대상으로-

권성대,고동봉,박제진,하태준,Kwon, Sung-Dae,Ko, Dong-Bong,Park, Je-Jin,Ha, Tae-Jun 대한토목학회 2014 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.34 No.2

도시의 급격한 팽창과 함께 주택부족 현상이 나타나게 되자, 정부는 주택부족 문제 해결을 위해 대규모 택지개발을 통하여 주택보급을 확대시켰다. 이러한 현상으로, 공동주택은 우리나라 전체 주택의 83% 수준을 유지하고 있고, 그 중 아파트가 차지하는 비중은 50%로 꾸준한 증가 추세를 보이고 있다. 이로 인해 아파트의 경우 입주민들의 승용차 보유 증가에 따른 아파트 단지 내 주차공간 부족문제 등 제반 주차 관련 문제가 발생하고 있다. 특히, 주차계획대수 수립 시 교통영향평가의 주차수요예측 중 전용면적을 고려한 주차원단위 산정 방법은 기존 계획보다 세대수는 증가하여도 전용면적이 작아지면 계획주차대수는 감소하는 것으로 나타나, 보다 현실적인 주차원단위 산정이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 공공주택 아파트를 대상으로 현실에 적합한 주차원단위를 산정하고자 한다. 현장조사 및 설문조사를 실시하고, 구득자료에 대한 분석을 수행함으로써, 기존 교통영향평가의 주차원단위 산정 문제점을 도출하였다. 또한, 주차수요예측에 영향을 미치는 요인 선정을 통해 주차원단위 산정모형을 개발하였다. 마지막으로 실제 조사된 아파트 주차원단위 자료를 통해 기존 교통영향평가의 주차원단위 산정과 본 연구에서 제시한 주차원단위 산정모형을 비교 분석하였다. 향후 본 연구에서 개발된 주차원단위 산정모형은 주차장법 기준 정립은 물론 보다 현실적인 주차수요예측 수행에 적극 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The rapid expansion of cities led to the shortage of housing in urban areas. The government compensated for this shortage through large scale residential developments that increased the housing supply. The supply of condominium apartments remains above 83% of the entire housing supply, and the proportion of apartments are at a steady increase, at about 50%. Due to the increase, illegally parked cars resulting from the shortage of parking spaces within the apartment complex have become increasingly problematic as they block the transit of emergency vehicles, and heighten the tension among neighboring residents in obtaining a parking space. Especially, the future residents are considered to plan the parking based on the estimated demand for parking. However, the parking unit method utilized to estimate the parking demand accounts for the exclusive use of space, which is believed to be far from the parking demands in reality. The reason for this discrepancy is that, as the number of households decrease, and area of exclusive space is expanded, the planned parking increases. On the other hand, when the number of households increase, and the area of exclusive space is reduced, the planned parking decreases, thus methods to recalculate the parking units based on estimated parking demand is an urgent concern. To estimate the parking units based on condominium apartments, this study first examined the existing research literature, and appointed the field of investigation to collect the necessary data. In addition, field study data and surveys collected and analyzed, in order to identify the problems underlying parking units, and problems regarding the current traffic impact assessment parking unit calculation method were deduced. Through identifying the influential factors on parking demand estimates, and performing a factorial analysis based on the collected data, the variables were selected in relation to the parking demand estimates, to develop the parking unit estimate model. Finally, through comparing and verifying the existing traffic impact assessment parking unit estimate against the newly developed model using collected data, a far more realistic parking unite estimate was suggested, reflecting the characteristics of the residents. The parking unit estimate model developed in this study is anticipated to serve as the guidelines for future parking lot legislature, as wel as the basis to provide a more realistic estimate of parking demands based on the resident characteristics of an apartment complex.

한국 국립공원 산림생태계의 수목 탄소저장량 평가

이상진,박홍철,박관수,김현숙,이창민,김진원,심규원,최승운,Lee, Sang-Jin,Park, Hong-Chul,Park, Gwan-Soo,Kim, Hyoun-Sook,Lee, Chang-Min,Kim, Jin-Won,Sim, Gyu-Won,Choi, Seung-Woon 한국환경복원기술학회 2022 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the amount of carbon storage for trees in forest ecosystem to support the foundation for carbon neutrality implementation in Korea National Park. It targeted 22 national parks designated and managed as national parks in Korea, and conducted research on forest trees in the terrestrial ecosystem among various natural and ecological carbon sink. The survey and analysis method followed the IPCC guidelines and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory in Korea. The amount of tree carbon storage in the forest ecosystem of Korea National Park was confirmed to be about 218,505 thousand CO₂-ton and the amount of carbon storage per unit area was 570.8 CO₂-ton per hectare. Compared to 299.7 CO₂-ton per hectare, the average carbon storage per unit area of the entire Korean forest, it was found that about twice as much carbon was stored when assuming the same area. In other words, it means that the tree carbon storage function of the national park is about twice as high as that of the average tree carbon storage function of entire Korean forest. It has great implications in Korea National Park not only provides biodiversity promotion and exploration services as a national protected area, but also performs excellent functions as a carbon sink.

Differential Manifestation of Ocular Phenotypes in TALEN-mediated p19arf Knockout FVB/N and C57BL/6J mouse lines

Jin‑Sung Park,Joo‑Il Kim,Hyun‑Jin Lim,Soo‑Kyung Ryu,Euna Kwon,Kang‑Min Han,Ki‑Taek Nam,Han‑Woong Lee,Byeong‑Cheol Kang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.9

Background p19arf, primarily known as a tumor suppressor, has also been reported to play an essential role in normal development of mouse eyes. Consistently, lack of p19arf has been associated with ocular defects, but the mixed background of the knockout (KO) mouse strain used raised a concern on the accuracy of the phenotypes observed in association with the targeted gene due to genetic heterogeneity. Object We carried out a study to investigate into the efect of genetic background on the manifestation of p19arf KO associated phenotypes. Methods We characterized the phenotypes of novel p19arf KO mouse lines generated in FVB/N and C57BL/6J using a transcription activator-like efector nuclease (TALEN) system in comparison to the reported phenotypes of three other p19arf-defcient mouse lines generated using homologous recombination. Results Ninety-fve percent of FVB/N-p19arf KO mice showed ocular opacity from week 4 after birth which worsened rapidly until week 6, while such abnormality was absent in C57BL/6J-p19arf KO mice up to the age of 26 weeks. Histopathological analysis revealed retrolental masses and dysplasia in the retinal layer in FVB/N-p19arf KO mice from week 4. Besides these, both strains developed normally from birth to week 26 without increased tumorigenesis except for a subcutaneous tumor found in a C57BL/6J-p19arf KO mouse. Conclusion Our fndings demonstrated surprisingly variable manifestation of p19arf-linked phenotypes between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice, and furthermore between our mouse lines and the established lines, indicating a critical impact of genetic background on functional study of genes using gene targeting strategies in mice.

Analysis of Short-Term Prestress Losses in Post-tensioned Structures Using Smart Strands

Sang?Hyun Kim,Sung Yong Park,Sung Tae Kim,Se?Jin Jeon 한국콘크리트학회 2022 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.16 No.1

Interaction of <i>Veratrum nigrum</i> with <i>Panax ginseng</i> against Obesity: A Sang-ban Relationship

Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-

<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>

일학습병행에서 학습기업의 재참여 의사에 미치는 영향 요인 탐색

조한진(Jo, Han-Jin),이선화(Lee, Seon-Hwa),박종성(Park, Jong-Sung) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.2

[연구목적] 기존 일학습병행에 참여한 학습기업의 재참여 활성화 방안에 앞서 학습기업의 재참여에 미치는 영향 요인을 구명하여, 학습기업 재참여 활성화 방안에 정책적 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. [연구방법] 독립변수는 총 11개로 범주형 4문항과 연속형 7문항으로 구성되어 있고, 종속변수는 범주형 1문항으로 구성되어 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 적용하였다. [연구결과] 전체적으로 학습기업의 재참여 의사에 영향을 미치는 요인은 참여 동기, 일학습병행 전반적인 만족, 현장훈련 시간 단축 필요성, 기업현장교사 양성교육 기간 적절성, 일학습병행 훈련과정 종료 후 유지 계획 유무, 참여유형의 6가지 변수로 나타났다. 참여유형을 재직자단계와 재학생단계로 나누어 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재직자단계에서 학습기업의 재참여 의사에 영향을 미치는 요인은 참여 동기, 일학습병행 전반적인 만족, 현장훈련 시간 단축 필요성, 기업현장교사 양성교육 기간 적절성, 일학습병행 훈련과정 종료 후 유지 계획 유무의 5가지로 나타났다. 둘째, 재직자단계에서 학습기업의 재참여 의사에 영향을 미치는 요인은 참여 동기, 학습기업 선정 절차 적절성, 학습기업 선정기준 적절성, 일학습병행 전반적인 만족, 일학습병행 훈련과정 종료 후 유지계획 유무의 5가지로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 일학습병행의 내실화를 위하여 학습기업의 재참여 활성화 방안을 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공하였다. [Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting re- participation of companies involved in apprenticeship before the revitalization of re-participation and to provide basic policy data to revitalize re-participation of companies involved in apprenticeship. [Methodology] There were 11 independent variables comprising four questions for categorical variables and seven questions for continuous variables. One dependent variable comprised one question for a categorical variable. The binomial logistic regression analysis was applied. [Findings] The factors affecting re-participation intention of companies involved in apprenticeship were six variables, including the motivation to participate, overall satisfaction about apprenticeship, need for the shortened time of on-the- job training, appropriate training period of in-company trainers, plan to maintain apprenticeship after the end of the training process, and participation type. The results of analyzing participation type First, there were five factors affecting re-participation intention of companies involved in the apprenticeship for students, including the motivation to participate, overall satisfaction about apprenticeship, need for the shortened time of on-the-job training, appropriate training period of in-company trainers, and plan to maintain apprenticeship after the end of the training process. Second, there were five factors affecting re-participation intention of companies involved in the apprenticeship for new workers, including the motivation to participate, appropriate procedure for selecting companies involved in apprenticeship, appropriate criteria for selecting companies involved in apprenticeship, overall satisfaction about apprenticeship, and plan to maintain apprenticeship after the end of the training process. [Implications] Policy implications were presented to substantialize apprenticeship and to revitalize re-participation of companies involved in apprenticeship.

계룡산국립공원의 나비류 군집에 관한 연구

전성재 ( Sung Jae Jeon ),조영호 ( Young Ho Cho ),한용구 ( Yong Gu Han ),김영진 ( Young Jin Kim ),최민주 ( Min Joo Choi ),박영준 ( Young Jun Park ),남상호 ( Sang Ho Nam ) 한국환경생태학회 2012 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.26 No.3

고도의 변화는 종 다양성 및 풍부도 그리고 생물 종 구성에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 하는 요인으로 최근에는 나비를 비롯하여 곤충의 고도에 따른 분포 형태에 관하여 많은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 계룡산국립공원의 고도에 따른 나비분포를 조사하여, 종 보전 및 효율적인 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 고도가 증가함에 따라 종과 개체수가 감소하는 경향이 나타났으며, 이는 수관울폐로 인한 그늘의 증가가 원인일 것으로 사료된다. 고도의 영향 이외에도 종의 분포에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석한 결과, 경사도 및 식생군락 그리고 수계거리가 종의 분포 변화와 상관관계가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 종들은 먹이식물과 밀접한 관련이 있으므로 추후에 숲 내부의 변화를 감지하는데 적합한 생물지표종을 선정한다면 시간과 비용을 감소시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 효율적인 생물다양성 평가를 내릴 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 추후에 기후 및 미기후, 그리고 먹이식물과 같은 환경요인들의 자료를 축적하고 정량화 할 경우 나비 분포를 예측할 수 있어 종 보전에 있어 더 효율적이라고 사료된다. Altitude is a factor that plays an important role in the diversity, richness and composition of species. Recently, much attention has been paid to the distribution of butterflies and insects according to altitude. The purpose of this article is to propose a method to preserve and manage species efficiently by reviewing the distribution of butterflies according to different altitudes in Mt. Gyeryong National Park. This study found that the number of species and individuals decreased as the altitude increased, possibly due to the increased amount of shade caused by the crown density. When analyzing the factors influencing the distribution of species other than altitude, it was found that the slope, vegetative colonies and hydrosphere distance were correlated with the change in species distribution. As these species are closely related to food plants, it may save time and reduce the cost as well as allow an efficient evaluation of the bio-diversity if these species are selected as biological indicator species suitable for detecting the changes in the forest. It is judged to be a more efficient means of species preservation to accumulate and quantify the materials regarding environmental elements such as the climate, microclimate and food plants, as this would allow the butterfly distribution to be estimated.

Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4

The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.

한반도 서남부 지역에 서식하는 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans) 번식기 울음소리 연구

김성진(Sung-Jin Kim),박종길(Jong-Gil Park),홍길표(Gil-Pyo Hong),채희영(Hee-Young Chae) 한국조류학회II 2008 한국조류학회지 Vol.15 No.2

포획조사를 실시하여 동정된 개체를 대상으로 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans)의 번식기 울음소리를 녹음하였으며 다도해(홍도), 월출산(춘양리, 도갑사, 금릉경포대)으로부터 총 8개체 240 song을 녹음 분석하였다. 조사지역별 번식기 울음소리의 동질성 검사를 통해 통일 집단 여부 분석결과 다도해(홍도 n=3; 72 song)와 월출산(춘양리 n=3; 80 song, 도갑사 n=1; 68 song, 금릉경포대 n=1; 20 song)에서 모든 조사지역의 개체들이 동일 집단을 형성하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 동일 장소에서 녹음한 다도해 홍도 3 개체와 월출산 춘양리 3 개체만이 각각 동일 집단을 형성하였다. 번식기 울음소리의 유형은 다도해(홍도) 5 개, 월출산(춘양리) 5 개, 월출산(도갑사) 4 개, 월출산(금릉경포대) 4 개로 나타났다. 홍도와 춘양리 두 집단의 각각의 상관분석 결과 NNWP와 NNSP, COM이 강한 음의 상관관계(홍도 R=-0.97, 춘양리 R=-0.95)를 나타내었으며, NNSP와 COM이 일치하는 것(두 집단 모두 R=1.00)으로 나타나 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 번식기 울음소리의 경향을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 전체의 번식기 울음소리는 일관되게 A, B 유형의 두 가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 번식기 울음소리의 두 가지 유형을 T 검정 결과 NNWP, MIWP, DWP, NNSP, MASP, DSP, COM 요인에서 차이가 나타났다(P<0.01). 번식기 울음소리 유형의 조사지역별 및 각 집단 간의 차이는 동종 개체군간의 경쟁 및 번식 전략의 선택과 같은 생태학적 요인과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 번식기 울음소리 발달상의 변이에 의해 개체별 변이가 나타나는 것으로 판단된다. Communicative interaction are the essence of all animal societies, so it is appropriate to examine communication as a way to gain insight into social structure and thereby generate hypotheses about genetic structure. It is worth pointing out a suggestive pattern in the class Aves, with respect to the approach to genetic population structure by study of vocal communication. Last study of Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone overlooked for distribution and song structure between subspecies. This study is Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans distribution and song structure of the population in South-West Korea. Population distribution researched by banding. Identified Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans record total 8 individuals 240 songs in Hong island, Dadohae National Park and Chunyang-ri; Dogap temple; Kumneung Kyungpo post, Wolchulsan National Park. song homogenity (MANOVA) analyzed each study area. Only the individual which records from identical place formed identical group. Each study site has 5 song types in Hong island and Chunyang-ri, 4 song types in Dogap temple and Kumneung Kyungpo post. But analyzed of all Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song divided A or B type with parameters (NNWP, NNSP, and COM). Paired t-test against A or B type of song differed from most parameter significant (P<0.01). We analyzed correlation between Hong Is. and Cunyang-ri in sample size, each region was related to negative correlation (Hong Is.: R=-97, Chunyang-ri: R=-95; P<0.01). Moreover, we analyzed NNSP and COM which are accord with correlation (R=1.00). Difference of each study site of song type are thought to intra-species male-male competition and selection of breeding strategy. In addition, repertoire size difference in each site are thought to received the effect of the variation of song development and cultural mutation. Variable variation, that even only affected to song type and repertoire size, and so Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song study have to much investigation.

論文(론문) : 大腸正格證(대장정격증)과 장누수증후군(Leaky Gut Syndrome)과의 관계 考察(고찰)

이진철 ( Jin Cheoul Lee ),박상균 ( Sang Kyun Park ),방정균 ( Jung Kyun Bang ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2013 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.26 No.4

A Study on the Relationship between Dae-Jang-Jung-Gyeok(大腸正格) and Leaky Gut Syndrome Lee Jin-Cheoul1·Park Sang-Kyun2·Bang Jung-kyun3 *1Dept. of Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Kyunghee University 2Dept. of Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University 3Dept. of Korean Medical Classics and History, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University Objective: If the penetration ratio of the intestinal mucosa is increased, the toxic or unhealthy materials - which should not be absorbed into our bodies - will be come into our bodies. They cause a sort of anti-toxic response or confusion of the immune system, and ultimately bring various types of diseases. This syndrome is related "Poison in Excrement" or "Internal Damage(內傷發□)" and Leaky Gut Syndrome, so I will study on the relationship between them. Method: Study on the relationship between Dae-Jang-Jung-gyeok and Leaky Gut Syndrome. Result: Korean doctors in ancient times called this syndrome "Poison in Excrement" or "Internal Damage(內傷發□)" and treated it with "Dae-Jang-Jung-Gyeok(大腸正格)". Leaky Gut Syndrome is a sort of clinical lesion, which allows foreign and harmful toxins in and results in a disorder of the immune system due to the leaking intestinal mucosa. Conclusion: Based upon the analyses, Dae-Jang-Jung-Gyeok and Leaky Gut Syndrome are closely related. Therefore diseases caused by the Leaky Gut Syndrome might be expected to be cured by Dae-Jang-Jung-Gyeok. Particularly the use of treatments for self-immune diseases and allergic diseases such as atopyic dermatitis and articular rheumatism should be expected to reveal a new path of treatment for other disorders such as Leaky Gut Syndrome. Key Words: Poison in Excrement, Internal Damage(內傷發□), Dae-Jang-Jung-Gyeok(大腸正格), Leaky Gut Syndrome