Bloodstream Infections and Clinical Significance of Healthcare-associated Bacteremia: A Multicenter Surveillance Study in Korean Hospitals

Son, Jun Seong,Song, Jae-Hoon,Ko, Kwan Soo,Yeom, Joon Sup,Ki, Hyun Kyun,Kim, Shin-Woo,Chang, Hyun-Ha,Ryu, Seong Yeol,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Jung, Sook-In,Shin, Sang Yop,Oh, Hee Bok,Lee, Yeong Seon,Chung, Doo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.7

<P>Recent changes in healthcare systems have changed the epidemiologic paradigms in many infectious fields including bloodstream infection (BSI). We compared clinical characteristics of community-acquired (CA), hospital-acquired (HA), and healthcare-associated (HCA) BSI. We performed a prospective nationwide multicenter surveillance study from 9 university hospitals in Korea. Total 1,605 blood isolates were collected from 2006 to 2007, and 1,144 isolates were considered true pathogens. HA-BSI accounted for 48.8%, CA-BSI for 33.2%, and HCA-BSI for 18.0%. HA-BSI and HCA-BSI were more likely to have severe comorbidities. <I>Escherichia coli</I> was the most common isolate in CA-BSI (47.1%) and HCA-BSI (27.2%). In contrast, <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (15.2%), coagulase-negative <I>Staphylococcus</I> (15.1%) were the common isolates in HA-BSI. The rate of appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy was the highest in CA-BSI (89.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (76.4%), and HA-BSI (75.0%). The 30-day mortality rate was the highest in HA-BSI (23.0%) followed by HCA-BSI (18.4%), and CA-BSI (10.2%). High Pitt score and inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy were the independent risk factors for mortality by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, the present data suggest that clinical features, outcome, and microbiologic features of causative pathogens vary by origin of BSI. Especially, HCA-BSI shows unique clinical characteristics, which should be considered a distinct category for more appropriate antibiotic treatment.</P>

STS304와 S15C 이종마찰압접부의 접합계면 응력해석

오정국,차용훈,성백섭,박창언,김하식,김충환 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Friction welding has many merits such as energy efficiency, simple processing, etc. but it is difficult to obtain good welding at the welded interfaces and heat affected zone. It is discovered that stress singularity exists at the interfaces and heat affected zone. The computer program based on boundary element method is utilized in this study. A mathematical model is implemented based on results from several experiments performed at and around the welded interfaces and heat affected zone of disimilar metal under static and dynamic loadings. This study is to investigate the characteristics of the deformation and fracture behavior around interfaces for friction welded materials under static tensile load. Also, the stress distribution at the tip of crack is analyzed by using BEM based on Kelvin's solution of 2-dimensional binding zone. The results of BEM are identical with those in case of considering interfaces of both heat affected zone. Also, stress singularity at the tip of interfaces appears when the elastic modulus ration is 1.07.

대학디자인교육에 있어서 뉴미디어 도입에 관한 연구

河相五 東亞大學校 大學院 1994 大學院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In the nowadays that there is called information-intensive Society. We are living among the torrent of information from TV, Radio, Newspaper and Magazine to a trifle leaflet. Moreover, by the development of the Communications satellite and the light-Communication, propration velocity of information is becoming guickning and its conveyance capacity also increasing overwhelimingly. With this development of the highly information intensive period was brought about new conception that was called the information value, and in case of consumer purchase the goods, "information value" is recognizing much more important value than inherently possessing "Material value". With such periodic aspect of information lopsided was come to an end of the uniformity of "Popularization period" which was liked together from Mass production to Consumption by mechanized era, and foresee any changes toward "small number of people period", which is based on the diversity that enjoy personality that possessed human individuality. and this would derived by the discrimination between the whole and the individual as a characteristic of the information-intensive, and furthermore, is also derived by the discrimination between the individual and the individual. Accordingly, since Herman Muthesius, the ideology of the normalization and the standardization that was formed as the idea of Mordern Design was become loose its light, and the induction of electronic technology was not only established the discrimination of the products, but also, the appearance of various indivisuality is forming new ideology of coming Morden Design. As it were, the electronic technology that was including "multimedia" made possible to the productive discrimination by get rid of unifrom production method in the mechanization period, and the conception of "discrimination=personaliztion" that was thought as one side of design to become embossed as a essential conception of modern design. New visual field for the design as above rise above the theory of "products=expenditure" which based upon for modern design, but it is giving suggestion that is changing activity dorm which related human's sensitivity living in the society in the same period. Among the situation of modern designis so rapidly changing, design education also ought to change, and early this century, it is becoming great key point that how to establish the doctrine of design education as a existing method in the "information net-work" society, where is premised on Computer and Telecommunication that aimed educational doctrine and system of upbringing of perfect person by the Bauhaus of German established. Especially, recently the universities that thave concerned with design in the world are changing design's production activity itself by the propagation of personal computer, and through the test of design education introduced new media machinery and tools, and introducing the information related educational process successively, and it is as an actual circumstance giving impetus to a realization of progressive design education. Amomg them, each university of Japan is estimating the apperance of highly informationed society, and to materialize the design education as actively, and from the later half of 1960's through establishment of「Design University」「University of Art & Design」and as a purpose of "humanization of technology" through intergration of Art and Science, it is becoming actualized by application of systematic educational process of new conceptional design education which will be coincide with electronics period. Those each College, for the purpose of adaptation of design education of the modern society that became information intensive, and through the contact of various field of media that followed by the development of information culture, and the school could to cope with such period, utilized from principal curriculum steps to Computer, Video, and Photo, and they consited not only course of study to accquire professional knowledge that related with information theory field, but also, on the other side, additionally they are performing History. Art, Society. Economy and Civic-Social Sciences, and keeping pace with knowledgeable thinking education, and by giving art's experience by the technical experience and training through laboratory work, atempts the unification of thinking and behabor and aims for upbringing talents who possessed real creativity. The course of study in this University of Industry and Art has some difference of course of study, with each College, but there is some point of sameness as follows. 1. Acquire information theory according to the high information society. 2. Basic modeling education utilizing multi-media. 3. Enforcement of communication capacity through various media experience. 4. Upbiringing international sensibility to prepare for global network period. As we know by the above description, the educational direction of realistic and progressive will be estimated much more be embosed with activation of multi-media, and it seems approched in the sight of its ideal and activation of modern design field. But computer can strengthen human's sensibility and intellectual ability, it can't alter human's imagend intellectual character as essentially. Human being oneself does not utilize his sensibility and intellectual ability to the utmost, it will results in only senseless upholding the expercation value on computer, but it is clear that it will larger for aspiration role to become designer. In the future, We will expect that the computer will develop sensitively as well as intelectually, and the applicational power for design would much more be enforced, and the Digital Design will be expected their relation to form mutual rapport and for the purpose of ideal materlization of human's sensibility and with desiner's close and valuable instrunm, it would construct new design process. Furthermore, in the high information-intensive period, main subject of the design education would try to find a direction that can fulfill in the educational system of the idea of humanity recovery and essential mission of design, which was endlessly pursued through the Bauhaus bigining with the activity of Artgcraft Movement by William Morris by get rid of the txchnologycal education for the sake of advantage of living, which brings overflowing in todays our whole society by electronical technology.

생쥐 중이와 상기도 점막의 섬모세포운동

정하원,오승하,유원석,이강수,모지훈,전상준,김인상,김종선 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.9

아스피린 불내성 천식환자에서 포도상구균에 대한 혈청 특이 IgE 항체 측정

오정미,김승현,윤성호,김상하,서창희,남동호,박해심 대한알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

비글개에서 신원방우황청심원의 급성 및 아급성독성시험

성하정,권오경,방명주,곽형일,이진영,신대희,박대규,정규혁,윤효인,조명행 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of New wonbangwoohwangchungsimwon (NSCH) which was used l-muscone as substitutive material of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs (3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with sinlge dose of 2,000 ㎎/㎏ and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of NSCH, 160 ㎎/㎏/day (low dosage group), 400 ㎎/㎏/day (middle dosage group), 1,000 ㎎/㎏/day (high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (1996. 4. 16). LD_50 value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ per oral for both male and females. In animals administered with NSCH, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical sign, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other fingings. No histological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggset that NSCH in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

韓國新聞廣告 일러스트레이션(Illustration)의 變遷에 관한 硏究

河相五 東亞大學校 大學院 1986 大學院論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The newspaper advertisement illustrations in Korea has, from the early stage till to date, undergone from a numerous turbulences to a gradual refinement as the history of korea so begets thus far. The newspaper advertisement illustration was first emerged when, in 1896, the 「Doklip shinmun」 initiated the advertisement in the mere forms of public notice onto the foreign products because of the circumstances in-volved in these days. Form 「the Hwangsung shinmun」 or 「the daehan Daily」, thenceforth the volumes of the newspaper advertisement has gradually increased and thus eventually the above the 「Daehan Daily」 founded the 「Hansung Advertisement Agency」 to specialize the advertisement concerns and new era of specialized advertisement has begun. The new expressions in the advertisement with a personal touch and taste plus unique techniques on the illustrations were all observed from this stage. It must be, however, admitted that a notable development of the modern advertisement illustration is responsible during the early Japanese domination when a thick volume of products from Japan flowed into Korea along with its intense advertisement activities. And a few hints are noticed from the Japanese products advertisement which have appeared on the 「Maeil shinbo」 in 1930s of their effective visual presentations of the product concepts in their advertisement expressions all which indicate the directions of future newspaper advertisement illustrations of Korea. Following the Liberation in 1945, two major newspapers in Korea, the 「Dong-a Ilbo」 and 「Chosun Ilbo」, had resumed along with a numerous newspaers in Korea to bring forth a considerable expansion in quantity. Regret to admit the fact that the quality had been remarkably deteriorated by the reasons of the Korean conflict in 1950 followed by the armistice in 1953 in addition to a social upheavals. The political stabilization has realized from the latter part of 1950s when the national products start appearing in production, the newsparer advertisement illustrations were revitalized because the products must be known to the public through the advertisement illustration. In addition to this, during the 1960s, the similar products in various forms emerged to public consumers which should be advertised in the utilizations of unique expression in the advertisement on both commercial photo and illustrations. particularly in the medicine advertisments. The further encouragement of the newspaper ad illustrations was obtained by the estab-lishment of the「Cho Sun Ilbo advertising Awards」 by the 「Chosun Ilbo」 in 1964 to insure the development of the unique specialization in the newspaper ad illustrations which resulted the upgrade of the adversement and thus had contributed towa5rds effective visual knowledge for the public all wihc bear the significancs in the moderniazation of the newspaper advertisement illustrations of Korea.

전두유 생산을 위한 비지의 재활용 기술개발

오승훈,박기환,하상도 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2003 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 두유 제조 시 발생하는 부산물 인 비지를 활용한 전두유를 제조하기 위한 최적 효소처리 조건 개발을 목적으로 콩 전체를 이용한 전두유를 생산하기 위해서 비 지와 두유를 분리한 후 일정량 가수하여 효 소반응을 진행하였으며 10% 고형분의 효소 반응 비지유 페이스트를 제조하였다. 비지의 최적 효소반응 조건은 반응시간 60분(평균 입도 47㎛ ; 점도 1,130cp), 반응온도 50℃ (평균입도 46㎛), 효소사용량 0.2%(평균입 도 47㎛)였다. 호소반응 비지유와 두유를 혼합하여 멸균, 균질. 포장이 완료된 전두유 의 입도분석 결과는 1~150㎛ 범위. 평균 46㎛ 였다. 전두유는 고형분 10%, 점도 86cp. 단백질 함량 4.2g%로 대두분말 전두유, 일반두유보 다 영양학적, 물성적 품질 측면에서 건강음 료로 우수하였으며 색, 맛, 구매의사 등 관 능학적 측면에서도 우수하여 두유 제조 부 산물인 비지의 재활용은 매우 바람직하다고 판단된다. This study was carried out to develop the recycling technology for the production of whole soymilk from soywaste. Enzymic hydrolysis was conducted to produce whole soymilk containing 10% solid paste from whole soybean. Optimum condition of enzymic reaction for the production of soymilk was 60 min. of reaction time(average particle size 47um ; viscosity 1,130cp), 50'C of reaction temp. (average particle size 46rm), 0.2% of enzyme utilization (average particle size 47rm). The range of particle sizes of the mixture of enzyme reacted soywaste and soymilk were 1~150um and the average was 46um. The whole soymilk which have 10% solid, 86cp viscosity, 4.2% of protein was superior beverage to the general soymilk at the view points of nutritional, physicochemical and sensory characteristics.

Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117)에 의한 페놀화합물과 다환 방향족 탄화수소의 분해

권오성,윤경하 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Biodegradation capabilities of some phenolic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117) were investigated. When the strain was incubated with 100mg/l (final concentration) of vanillic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid and catechol at 30℃ for 20 days, the strain removed 92.3% of vanillic acid, 80.4% of ferulic acid, 76.2% of protocatechuic acid, 70.4% of syringic acid and 20.2% of catechol. When the strain was incubated with 10mg/L(final concentration) of anthracene, phenantthrene and benzo(a)pyrene at 30℃ for 20 days, the strain removed 47.7% of anthracene, 79.8% of phenanthrene and 71.7% of benzo (a) pyrene.

비글개에서 신우황청심원의 급성 및 아급성독성시험

권오경,성하정,곽형일,방명주,신대희,이진영,박대규,정규혁,윤효인,조명행 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of New Woohwangchungsimwon (NWCH) which was used l-muscone as substitutive material of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs(3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with single dose of 2,000 ㎎/㎏ and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of NWCH, 160 ㎎/㎏/day(low dosage group), 400 ㎎/㎏/day (middle dosage group), 1,000 ㎎/㎏/day (high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (1996. 4. 16). LD_50 value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ per oral for both male and females. In animals administered with NWCH, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical sign, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other fingings. No histological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggset that NWCH in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.