Ropivacaine 을 이용한 경막의 마취시 Clonidine 병용의 효과

김종일,조영훈,이상곤,민병우,이지향,반종석 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Effects of Clonidine Added to Ropivacaine in Epidural Anesthesia Young-Hoon Cho, M.D., Ji-Hyang Lee, M.D., Sang-Gon Lee, M.D., Jong-Il Kim, M.D.^*, Jong-Suk Ban, M.D., and Byung-Woo Min, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea ^*Kim Jong Il Pain clinic, Daegu, Korea Background: Clonidine has been regarded as an adequate supplementary anesthetic during epidural anesthesia and has been used with local anesthetics such as bupivacaine or lidocaine to support the effects of these anesthetics. The authors would examine whether clonidine is an adequate supplementary anesthetic when it is used with ropivacaine during epidural ane-sthesia. Methods: Thirty-two healthy patients undergoing a hip or lower limb surgery were diveded into two groups. In group 1, 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml was administered. In group 2, 0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml combined with clonidine 150 ㎍ was administered. Onset, duration and maximal height of sensory block were assessed. Sedation score, blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Results: Duration of sensory block of group 2 was significantly longer than that of group 1. Sedation score of group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1. Blood pressure of group 2 was sig-nificantly lower thatn that of group 1 at 50 min, 70 min and 90 min after epidural injection. No significant differences were observed in onset of sensory block and heart rate between the two groups. Conclusions: The addition of clonidine to ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia prolonged duration of sensory block and produced useful sedation. It caused relatively stable hemodynamic changes. These results suggest that clonidine is an adequate supplementary anesthetic when it is used with ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 428~433)

3,4‑Dichloroaniline promotes fatty liver in zebrafish larvae

Ji‑Seon Park,송정아,Jong‑Su Park,이상우,Jieon Lee,Han‑Jin Park,Woo‑Keun Kim,Seokjoo Yoon,Hang‑Suk Chun 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.2

Backgrounds 3,4-Dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is a transformation product of herbicides that is commonly used as a reference in developmental toxicity studies (OECD TG 236) (Bonnet et al. in Environ Toxicol 22:78–91, 2007). However, the mechanisms underlying 3,4-DCA-induced hepatotoxicity are not well known. Methods We exposed zebrafish larvae at 72 hpf to 3,4-DCA for 3 days and observed lipid accumulation in liver treated with 10-μM 3,4-DCA using oil red O staining. Subsequently, we performed qRT-PCR analysis to determine the genes involved in the observed lipid accumulation. Results We found that genes related to lipogenesis (srebp1, pparγ, lipin1, and scd1) and ER stress (bip, atf4, ddit3, dnajc3, and edem1) were significantly upregulated. In addition, we found that ROS generation increased in the larvae treated with 10-μM 3,4-DCA. Moreover, glutathione-S-transferase activity in these larvae was increased by 3,4-DCA in a dose-dependent manner, and the expression of the inflammation marker il-1β increased. Conclusion Our results indicated that exposure to 3,4-DCA induced fatty liver in zebrafish larvae and that this, in association with additional factors such as ER stress response, can promote liver damage. We accordingly suggest that 3,4-DCA could be used to induce fatty liver in zebrafish larvae.

다공질규소 다층 박막의 광학적 특성에 대한 컴퓨터 시늉내기

권인숙,김문원,홍사용,김영유,류지욱,이춘우 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1999 自然科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

다층 박막의 광학적 특성을 컴퓨터 시늉내기로 조사하기 위해 다층박막의 특성 매트릭스 (transfer matrix)를 세우고 이 것을 사용하여 전체 반사율을 계산하였다. 컴유터 시늉내기는 페브리-페로(FP)형 다중박막과 브래그(DBR)형 다중 박막에 대해 수행되었다. 각 경우에 대해 다양한 두께와 박막의 주기 수를 변화시키며 반사 스펙트럼을 조사하였다. 마지막으로 실제 결과와 비교하기 위해 다공질규소의 발광 스펙트럼을 가우스 함수로 근사하여 FP필터와의 전체 광학적 특성 결과를 얻었다. 그 결과 FP형 필터는 원하는 스펙트럼의 영역과 폭을 선택 할 수 있었다. 또한 FP형 필터의 성능은 반복되는 층의 수가 8개 이상이 되면 별로 향상되지 않았다. 따라서 실험적으로 적절한 층수는 8개 정도가 적절할 것이다. To simulate optical characteristics of multi-layers, we set up transfer matrices and constructed a total transfer matrix and calculated reflectivity of a system. The simulation was conducted on Fabry-Perot(FP) and Bragg reflector(DBR). For each case, numbers of layers and its thickness were varied to observe changes in its reflectivity. Finally, to compare our results with real data, we constructed a ps luminescence spectrum with two Gaussian functions and calculated output with various FP layers, in which indices of retraction were 1.27 and 2.24. We found FP type filter could select desired range and width of spectra. The ability of FP filters improves very little when a number of period in multi-layer was greater than 8. Therefore we suggest that 8 period FP filter is proper for experimental purpose.

백혈병환자에서 Liposomal Amphotericin B로 치료된 파종성 Fusarium 감염 1예

이지연,김성범,박대원,신성희,김용현,윤소영,엄중식,최철원,정희진,김우주,김준석,김장수,이갑노 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

Fusarium spp.는 사람에서 드물게 각막염, 조갑진균증, 상처나 화상부위감염 등을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있으나 최근에는 면역저하자에서 기회감염의 원인균으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 면역저하자에서 파종성 감염이 있는 경우에 예후는 치명적이나, 증례가 많지 않고 진단방법이 제한되어 있어 조기 진단과 신속한 치료가 쉽지 않다. 그러나 특징적으로 피부병변의 동반이 흔하여 면역저하자에서는 피부 병변의 면밀한 관찰과 함께 Fusarium 감염을 조기에 의심하여 피부생검이나 배양을 하는 것이 진단에 도움이 되리라 생각된다. 파종성 Fusarium 감염의 치료로는 감염 부위의 국소적 외과적 절제와 전신적 항진균제의 사용이 필요하고 현재까지는 amphotericin B가 비교적 효율적인 항진균제로 알려져 있으나 면역저하자에서 이에 반응을 하지 않는 경우가 많다. 저자들은 급성골수성백혈병 환자에서 관해유도화학요법 시행 후 호중구감소상태에서 피부병변과 폐침윤이 발견되었고 피부의 중심부 궤양을 동반한 구진성 병변에서 배양검사를 통해 파종성 Fusarium 감염을 진단하였으며 liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome )를 사용하여 성공적으로 치료한 예를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다. Fusarium spp., basically a superficial pathogen, is a newly emerging fungal pathogen of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. At present, although Fusarium spp. are relatively resistant to amphotericin B, the combination of amphotericin B and surgical debridement appear to be optimal treatment for disseminated infection. Recently we experienced a 32-year-old neutropenic patient after induction chemotherapy for acute myelocytic leukemia presented with skin lesions and infiltrations in both lungs. We diagnosed with disseminated fusariosis by skin culture and successfully treated the patient with liposomal amphotericin B. We emphasize a high index of suspicion for skin lesions especially in immunocopromised patients.

약초 추출액에 의한 향특소포자충 효과 및 대식세포의 면역활성

양용석,김인식,강성구,박주연,성호중,남호우,하지용 연세대학교 보건과학연구소 2001 보건과학논집 Vol.11 No.-

심한 골병변으로 발현된 기능성 낭종성 부갑상선 선종

전숙,김영희,박지영,고관표,박철영,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,고석환 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.2

낭종성 부갑상선 선종과 심한 골병변을 동반한 부갑상선 기능항진증은 매우 드문 질환으로서, 저자들은 양측 고관절의 통증을 초기 주소로 내원한 환자에서 고칼슘혈증과 부갑상선 호르몬 증가, 골병변의 방사선적 소견을 통해 부갑상선 기능항진증을 진단하고, 경부 초음파와 컴퓨터 단층 촬영, 부갑상선 스캔검사 및 수술중 부갑상선 낭종액 검사 등을 통해 기능성 부갑상선 낭종의 한 종류인 낭종성 부갑상선 선종을 진단하고 수술적 제거를 통하여 정상화된 1예를 경험하였다. A cystic parathyroid adenoma is rare. A case of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the cystic formation of a parathyroid adenoma and a severe bony lesion, is reported. A 52-year-old male was admitted due to pain in both hips and for evaluation of hypercalcemia. The plasma level of the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was elevated to 1424 pg/mL. Ultrasonography and the computed tomography revealed a parathyroid cyst on the left thyroid lower pole. Parathyroid scintigraphy detected a parathyroid adenoma. A radiograph showed a subperiosteal bone resorption on the phalanges, and a brown tumor (osteitis fibrosa cystica) on the femur shaft was noted. A surgical excision of the parathyroid adenoma was performed. The PTH level in the cystic fluid was increased. A histological examination confirmed a cystic parathyroid adenoma. The PTH level was normalized after the operation (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:214-220, 2003).

한국판 니코틴 의존 증후군 척도의 표준화와 금연 예측 인자로서의 유용성

박재우,윤지영,김태석,김수진,김대진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : The Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale has been reported as valid and useful measure for assessment of the level and the pattern of nicotine dependence. The aim of this study is to prove the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale and find out its predictive effect on smoking cessation. Methods : 274 smokers who visited the public health center smoking cessation clinic were enrolled in this study. Fagerstrom test and K-NDSS were administered and the subjects started smoking cessation after basic assessment was done with the aid of bupropion and nicotine patch. Six month later smoking cessation success or failure was assessed through self report. Results : K-NDSS factor structure was very similar to the original version of NDSS and has proved to be valid and reliable. Cronbach's alpha for K-NDSS-Total was .90, and Cronbach's alpha for each sub-factors are ranged from .66 to .85. Sub-factor, continuity and stereotypy can predict the possibility of smoking cessation success or failure. Conclusion : K-NDSS was proved to be a valid and a reliable measure of nicotine dependence, and its sub-factor continuity and stereotypy has predictive characteristic on smoking cessation.

인체 간 Microsome에서의 우슬 추출물의 Cytochrome P450 약물 대사효소에 대한 억제작용

김경아,이지숙,박히준,김진우,김창주,심인섭,한승무,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective : Achyranthes bidentata radix (Usul) has been used as anti-arthritic, antiallergic, antidiuretic and so on Recently extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix have shown anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods : We therefore evaluated the inhibitory potential of ehtanol extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix on cytochrome P450(CYP) isoforms-catalyzecd reactions, which relate to causes of cancer and inflammation, including CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, CYP2C8, and CYP3A4, using human liver microsomal preparations. Results : The extracts showed weak or negligible inhibitory effects on CYP2C9-catalyzed (S)-warfarin 7-hydroxylation, CYP2C19-catalyzed S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylation, and CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation with each IC50 over 1750 g/㎖, respectively. However, it showed relatively significant inhibitory effect on CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation and CYP2E1-catalyzed chloizoxazone 6-hydroxylation with IC50s of 970.5 g/㎖ and 821.4 g/㎖, respectively. Conclusions : These results suggest that extracts of Achyranthes bidentata radix have inhibitory effects on CYP-catalyzed reactions, expeciallyCYP1A2 and CYP2E1, in human liver microsomes. These effects appear to relate to anti-inflammatory and cancer prevention following decrease of reactive oxygen species formed by CYP, especially CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, by Achyranthes bidentata radix. However, further evaluation is necessary to demonstrate and to confirm its effects in human.

대구 성서지역 악취 민원발생일의 기상학적 특성

김해동,구현숙,정우식,최성우,안지숙,박명희 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.10

We studied the relationship between a civil affair occurrence of bad smell and meteorological conditions around Seongseo district for recent 2 years. The results were as follows; (1) The civil affair occurrence days of bad smell were concentrated from May to August. (2) Daily mean temperatures were mostly 20~28℃ and daily mean relative humidities were 60~80%. (3) Wind speeds were mostly less than 2m/s(75%). and wind directions were southerly winds(50%). It was hardly occurred for relatively well-ventilated conditions in cases of wind speeds 2m/s over. And the Lagrangian particle dispersion model were used to figure out the transport route in a civil affairoccurrence days of bad smell. It was found that the south-western winds transported the bad smelling materials from Jungni-dong(the place of source) to the housing complex located along a piedmont district.

고혈압 환자에서 Nicardipine과 Esmolol의 병용 투여가 기관내삽관시 혈압과 심박수에 미치는 영향

김혜경,이지향,이상곤,반종석,민병우 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.5

Background: This study was designed to determine the efficacy of a combined use of esmolol and nicardipine for blunting hypertension and tachycardia after tracheal intubation in hypertensive patients. Methods: Forty-five hypertensive patients were randomly divided into three group: group E (esmolol 0.5 mg/kg, n = 15), group N (nicardipine 30㎍/kg, n = 15), group EN (esmolol 0.25 mg/kg, nicardipine 15㎍/kg, n = 15). All patients received midazolam 0.5 mg/kg, and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg IM for premedication. Fentanyl 1㎍/kg was injected before induction of anesthesia, and then esmolol, nicardipine, or the mixed drugs were administrated as an IV bolus and immediately followed by the induction drugs: thiopental 5 mg/kg, and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg. Endotracheal intubation was performed 90 seconds after injection of the experimental drugs. Thereafter 50% Nitrous Oxide in oxygen and 2 vol % enflurane were inhaled. BP and HR were recorded at the resting state, before fentanyl injection (base {T0}), after injection test drug (T1), after induction (T2), immediately after intubation (T3), 2 min (T4), 3 min (T5), 4 min (T6), and 5 min (T7) after intubation. Results: There was a significant attenuation in SBP, MBP, DBP after tracheal intubation on the nicardipine & mixed groups compared to the esmolol group. HR was significantly lower in the esmolol and mixed groups than in the nicardipine group after tracheal intubation. Conclusions: Combined administration of esmolol (0.25 mg/kg) and nicardipine (15㎍/kg) was effective in attenuating an increase of BP and HR during tracheal intubation in hypertensive patients. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 581~587)