외부설비의 이용을 고려한 최적 설비용량 결정

장석화 ( Suk Hwa Chang ) 대한설비관리학회 2012 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The demand for facility is changed dynamically for discrete and finite time periods. The holding cost for excess facility is needed for periods that the facility capacity is greater than the demand for the facility, and the usage cost of the outside facility for shortage facility is needed for periods that the demand for facility is greater than the facility capacity. This paper addresses to determine the facility capacity of minimizing the sum of the facility capacity cost, the holding cost of the excess facility and the usage cost of the outside facility. The problem is analyzed. The characteristics of the optimal solution are analyzed, and a algorithm is developed. A numerical example is shown to explain the problem.

Uncertified Facility (BSL 2 plus): Its Journey through Life for Preparations and Setting up, Compliance with Biosafety Regulations, Implementation, and Registration of the Facility with the Ministry of Health, Singapore

( Tin Tun ),( Xander Sim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2021 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.53 No.1

An uncertified facility is a facility not certified, as defined in the Biological Agents and Toxins Act (BATA) in Singapore, but has met the requirements of the Ministry of Health to possess First and Fifth Schedule biological agents and toxins. This type of facility is also known as a Biosafety Level 2 Plus (BSL 2+) facility. Registration as an uncertified facility or a BSL 2+ facility requires a certain process and procedure to be sought with the Biosafety Branch of the ministry. This review, shares first-hand knowledge on the journey to achieving registration of the authors’ facility. The procedure involved considerable preparation, setting up facility requirements, biosafety precautions, procedures and practices, and training and competence of laboratory users. The ministry conducted a thorough onsite facility audit to ensure that the facility requirements and biosafety procedures and practices were in place. It then issued an approval letter of possession for the first-time use of biological agents and registered the laboratory as an uncertified facility. The expectation is that the comprehensive information shared may be of great benefit to other facilities with similar interests. Copyright Ⓒ 2021 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved.

사회복지시설 종사자의 사용자는 누구인가? - 사회복지시설 설치・운영 법인의 사용자성에 관한 고찰 -

장선미 한국입법학회 2023 입법학연구 Vol.20 No.1

Social welfare facilities, which play an important role in carrying out social services in South Korea are only ‘facilities’ rather than independent corporate entities under the Social Welfare Services Act, while there are separate operators of social welfare facilities. Both individuals and corporations can be operators of social welfare facilities, but in general, corporations establish and operate social welfare facilities. However, in practice, social welfare facilities perform social services with some degree of independence, and the directors of social welfare facilities often exercise discretion in managing and supervising social services carried out by the facilities. Employment-related matters of social welfare facility workers are often handled by the director, rather than the operator of the social welfare facility, and labor contracts of social welfare facility workers are often concluded in the name of the director of the facility. This type of work practice makes it difficult to clarify the legal rights and obligations by specifying the parties when social welfare facility workers claim rights under the Labor Standards Act or when legal disputes related to the Labor Standards Act occur. This study examines legal issues related to the conclusion of labor contracts of workers in social welfare facilities. It confirms that the ‘business owner’ who works in social welfare facilities is the installation and operator of social welfare facilities, not the head of social welfare facilities. To this end, the status of workers in social welfare facilities signing labor contracts is analyzed first, followed by a review of the legal status of social welfare facility installers and operators in these labor contracts (that is, the status of ‘business owners’ under the Labor Standards Act). In particular, since there is a large proportion of facility workers signing labor contracts with facility heads, in such cases, the legal status of social welfare facility installers and operators in the labor contract and the effect of the labor contract are also examined. Finally, issues relating to the business ownership are reviewed, since the ‘business owner’ of social welfare facilities means that social welfare facility installers and operators have rights and obligations under the labor relations legislation, which includes the Labor Standards Act and the Trade Union and Labor Relations Adjustment Act, etc. Therefore, if a social welfare facility installer or operator becomes a ‘business owner’ under the Labor Standards Act and actively intervenes in employment relations, problems such as open recruitment and the possibility of unfair personnel intervention for social welfare facility workers may arise. In discussing these issues, this article calls for alignment of labor relations of social facility workers under labor law. 우리 사회에서 사회복지사업을 수행하는 중요한 역할을 하는 사회복지시설은 「사회복지사업법」상으로는 독립된 법인격을 가진 사업주체가 아닌 ‘시설’일 뿐이며, 사회복지시설의 운영자는 따로 존재한다. 개인과 법인 모두 사회복지시설의 운영자가 될 수 있으나, 대체로 법인이 사회복지시설을 설치・운영하고 있다. 그러나 실무적으로는 사회복지시설이 어느 정도 독립성을 가지고 사회복지사업을 수행하며, 사회복지시설의 장이 시설 운영에 재량권을 가지고 시설이 수행하는 사업을 관리・감독하는 경우가 많다. 사회복지시설 종사자의 고용관련 업무 또한 사회복지시설의 설치・운영자가 아닌 시설장이 처리하는 경우가 많으며, 사회복지시설 종사자의 근로계약도 시설장 명의로 체결하는 경우가 많다. 이러한 방식의 업무처리는 사회복지시설 종사자가 「근로기준법」상 권리를 주장하거나 「근로기준법」 관련 법적 분쟁이 발생하는 경우 당사자를 특정하여 법적 권리・의무 관계를 명확히 하는데 어려움을 준다. 본 연구는 사회복지시설 종사자의 근로계약 체결과 관련된 법적 쟁점을 검토함으로써 사회복지시설에서 근로하는 종사자의 근로계약 상대방인 ‘사업주’는 사회복지시설의 시설장이 아니라 사회복지시설의 설치・운영자임을 확인하여 「근로기준법」상 책임의 소재를 분명히 함으로써 사회복지시설 종사자의 노동권 보장을 강화하고자 한다. 이를 위해 사회복지시설 종사자의 근로계약 체결 실태를 먼저 분석하고, 사회복지시설 설치・운영자의 근로계약상 법적 지위, 즉 「근로기준법」상 ‘사업주’ 지위에 관하여 검토한다. 특히 시설 종사자가 시설장과 근로계약을 체결하는 비율이 낮지 않기 때문에 이러한 경우 사회복지시설 설치・운영자의 근로계약상 법적 지위와 해당 근로계약의 효력 또한 함께 검토한다. 한편 사회복지시설 설치・운영자가 「근로기준법」상 ‘사업주’라는 것은 사회복지시설 종사자에 대한 노동관계법상 권리・의무를 갖게 된다는 것을 의미하며, 이는 구체적으로 사회복지시설 설치・운영자가 「근로기준법」을 비롯한 개별적 근로관계법이나 노동조합법을 비롯한 집단적 노사관계법상 권리・의무의 주체가 되어, 사회복지시설 종사자 등의 채용, 근로계약, 근로관계 유지 및 근로계약 해지 등 사회복지시설 종사자의 고용관계 전반에 걸쳐 사회복지시설 설치・운영자가 권리・의무를 갖는다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 사회복지시설 설치・운영자가 「근로기준법」상 ‘사업주’가 되어 고용관계에 적극 개입할 경우 공개모집, 사회복지시설 설치・운영자의 사회복지시설 종사자에 대한 부당한 인사 개입 가능성 등의 문제가 제기될 수 있다. 이에 관련된 쟁점에 대해서도 함께 검토한다. 끝으로 이러한 사회복지시설 종사자에 대하여 「근로기준법」이 적용되는 것은 자명하며, 사회복지시설의 설치・운영자가 법인인 경우 법인이 해당 사회복지시설 종사자의 사용자인 것 또한 매우 당연하다. 그럼에도 불구하고 사회복지시설 종사자의 고용관계에서 시설장이 사용자처럼 보이게 하는 외관을 만들어내는 상황이 일어나는 것은 이에 대한 당국의 관리감독 소홀과 보건복지부가 매년 발표하는 “사회복지시설 관리안내”의 불명확한 서술에 상당부분 책임이 있다. 따라서 이를 입법적으로 해소할 필요가 있으며, 「사회복지사업...

사회복지시설의 유형에 따른 안전관리의 차이에 관한 연구

신효진,공하성 한국화재소방학회 2014 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.28 No.5

At a time of growing importance of safety management in the social welfare facility by the increase of social welfarefacilities, this study analysed safety perceptions about facility management, facility conditions, and facility structure andarrangement. This study sample consisted of 204 service providers and service users in 12 social welfare facilities. T-testand ANOVA were used to find the group differences among facility types. The findings were as follows. Firstly, safetyperceptions of the service providers were significantly higher than those of service users in terms of facility management,and facility structure and arrangement. Secondly, in terms of facility types, the respondents in the family service centerhad lower safety perceptions than the respondents in other service in all three areas. Thirdly, facilities that are of 10 yearsor older had higher safety perceptions than the respondents of facilities that are 6 to 10 years old in the area of facilitymanagement, and facility structure and arrangement. Fourthly, in regard to building heights, the respondents in 3 to 4story facilities had statistically higher safety perceptions than respondents in 1 story facilities. Finally, looking at the relationshipbetween floor area and safety perceptions, safety perceptions of the respondents of less than 400 m2 facilities or600 m2 and more facilities were significantly higher than those of 400 m2~less than 600 m2 facilities. 이 연구는 사회복지시설의 증가로 인하여 사회복지시설의 안전관리의 중요성이 대두되고 있는 현시점에서 사회복지시설의 안전관리인식, 안전관리실태, 시설구조 및 설비인식에 대한 분석을 하였다. 총 12개 사회복지시설에 소속된 204명의 시설이용자와 시설관리운영자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 사회복지시설의 유형에 따른 의미 있는 차이를알아보기 위해 평균차이검증(t-test)과 일원분산분석(ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 안전관리인식,안전관리실태, 그리고 시설구조 및 설비인식에 있어서 시설관리운영직원의 인식수준이 시설이용자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 시설유형에 따른 안전관리분석 결과는 건강가정지원센터 관리자 및 사용자의 안전 인식수준이 안전관리인식, 안전관리실태, 시설구조 및 설비인식의 모든 분야에 있어서 다른 사회복지시설의 응답자보다 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 6~10년 미만 시설의 응답자 보다 10년 이상 된 시설 응답자의 안전관리인식과 시설구조및 설비에 대한 인식이 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 건물높이에 따른 안전인식에 있어서는 3층과 4층이 1층보다 유의하게 높게나타났다. 마지막으로 바닥면적과 안전인식과의 관계를 살펴보면, 400 m2 미만 또는 600 m2 이상의 바닥면적을 가진 응답자들의 안전인식이 400 이상~600 m2 미만 응답자들보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다.

체육시설업에 대한 규제개선과 자율규제

김상태 한국법정책학회 2024 법과 정책연구 Vol.24 No.1

체육시설업과 같은 민간체육시설은 공공체육시설과 비교하여 가격은 비싼 편이나 다양한 프로그램, 쾌적한 공간 및 시설, 질 높은 서비스를 제공하고 있어서 최근에는 그 이용률이 공공체육시설의 이용률 보다 앞서고 있다. 그래서 공공체육시설이 모든 국민에게 제공할 수 없다면 많은 사람들이 편리하게 이용할 수 있는 민간체육시설을 충분히 제공할 필요가 있다. 이를 위해 체육시설법을 비롯한 개별 법률에서의 체육시설업에 대한 규제를 재검토하여 체육시설업이 활성화될 수 있는 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다. 체육시설업에 대한 규제의 재검토는 단순히 규제 완화나 규제 강화의 문제가 아니다. 규제의 흠결이 있다면 보완하기도 하고 필요하다면 규제를 완화하기도 하고 강화할 수도 있다. 규제를 함에 있어서 이용자의 안전도 중요하지만, 체육시설업자의 영업의 자유나 재산권도 고려해야 하기 때문에 규제 완화와 규제 강화를 어느 하나의 기준으로 정할 수는 없다. 이러한 측면에서 일방적인 정부규제가 아닌 안전을 고려하되 체육시설업을 활성화할 수 있는 다양한 관리방식이 모색될 필요가 있다. 그래서 현 시점에서 검토할 수 있는 방안이 자율규제 도입이다. 체육시설업에 대한 자율규제는 다양한 형태로 활용될 수 있는데, 그 사례로서 체육시설 안전경영 인증제도를 제안할 수 있다. 체육시설 안전경영 인증제도는 체육시설업의 자율적인 안전관리 시스템 구축과 안전문화 정착을 위한 제도라고 할 수 있다. 체육시설업에서 이러한 자율규제 체계가 효과적으로 구축될 경우, 체육시설업 관련 환경의 변화에 효과적이고 신속하게 대응할 수 있다. 또한, 자율규제는 체육시설업자들의 자발적인 참여를 이끌어 낼 수 있는데, 이러한 자발적 참여를 통해 정부규제가 충분한 역할을 하지 못한 부분을 보완할 수도 있다. Recently, as people have more spare time and more interest in quality of life and healthy life, an increasing number of people participate in sports activities. As a result, the sports facility industry continues to grow. Private sports facilities in the sports facility industry are more expensive to use compared to public sports facilities, but they offer a variety of programs, comfortable spaces and facilities, and high-quality services. Thus, in recent years, the utilization rate of private sports facilities is higher than that of public sports facilities. If public sports facilities are not available to all citizens, it is necessary to provide enough private sports facilities that many people can use conveniently. To this end, it is necessary to re-examine the regulations on the sports facility industry in individual acts, including the Installation and Utilization of Sports Facilities Act, to find ways to revitalize the industry. Re-examination of such regulations is not simply a matter of deregulation or strengthening of regulations. If there is a flaw in the regulations, they may be supplemented, and if necessary, may be mitigated or strengthened. Some may argue that regulations such as safety standards should be strengthened, and others may argue that the current legal regulations should be mitigated because they are overregulated. The safety of users is an important factor in the regulations, but the freedom of business and property rights of sports facility operators must also be considered. So, deregulation and strengthening of regulations cannot be determined based on a certain standard. In this respect, various management methods should be sought that can revitalize the sports facility industry while considering user safety, rather than unilateral government regulations. Self-regulation is presented as a counterplan. Self-regulation can be utilized in various forms for the sports facility industry; an example is the safety management certification system for sports facilities. The safety management certification system for sports facilities is a system for establishing an autonomous safety management system and a safety culture in the sports facility industry. If a self-regulation system is established effectively in the sports facility industry, it can respond effectively and promptly to changes in sports facility industry-related environments. In addition, self-regulation can lead to voluntary participation of sports facility operators, and this can make up for the shortcomings of government regulations.

開發地域의 學校設立 問題點과 學校施設 確保 方案

김민배(Min Bae Kim) 한국토지공법학회 2007 土地公法硏究 Vol.37 No.2

In compliance with a large scale housing site development and a city development, the necessity and demand of school founding are increasing. But the land which is necessary to school founding does not buy. It is because the educational finance which is necessary to the school land and a facility is insufficient. Recently National Assembly, the government, Office of Education, with the problem of school establishment it comprehends the core awaking. In limit of region educational finance about lower school founding which is necessary cannot become accomplished in proper time and impossibly, it became. The result it is because shows the sign which will raise its head with the social problem which is serious. Solves a problem the alternative for has two. The my method is the plan which opens a court a relation law. Different my method leads and agreement and regulations it is a plan which secures a school facility. In order for the development business owner to donate a school facility, description below hazard must use the incentive system which stands. The case school facility site expense charge problem solving which includes the school in category of public facilities and establishment of the school building see come to be easy. The problem of school establishment seriously, becoming in compliance with a Constitutional Court decision the school land charge expense receives an unconstitutionality judgement, from all. It is not competent the finance which is necessary to the school establishment which it follows in that after urban development enterprising back. The case where the development business owner donates a school facility, there is a necessity which will investigate the reflection degree of breach of the constitution possibility and residential sale in lots price. And is what kind of problem to actuality and school founding of educational finance. Is the free scope of compulsory education at constitution which degree. It will be able to include a school facility in public facilities. It investigated like this point. When considering the present condition of educational finance and school facility, that the next plan is necessity, it got off a conclusion from this dissertation. 1) artificial flower of school facility and public facilities 2) principled application of cause sleeping charge and receiver charge 3) sale in lots application of rise prevention and incentive system 4) housing site development and school facility free base plan 5) the school facility security plan in compliance with a regulations and an agreement. Actually like this plans security of school facility hazard necessity are demonstrated a point.

주차장 부대시설의 법적 문제에 대한 시론적 고찰 - 대법원 2015. 7. 9. 선고, 2015두39590 판결 -

안기수 서울시립대학교 서울시립대학교 법학연구소 2016 서울법학 Vol.23 No.3

Recently the Supreme Court made important judgment on the case of 'Naegog-dong Audi Service Center' which is the case related to the subsidiary facility of an urban planning facility. This article introduces the purpose and contents of the subject precedent of the Supreme Court and aims at reaching to effective settlement of the pertinent dispute in the future through theoretical review on the legal issues related to it. The subsidiary facility of an urban planning facility means the facility which is subordinate to a main facility as a facility necessary for the functioning and use of the main facility designated as an urban planning facility. On the land for urban planning facility, the facilities other than urban planning facilities in question are not allowed to be installed in principle. However, on an exceptional basis, the facility, which may supplement the utility of the main facility being incidental to it, is allowed to be installed in the name of subsidiary facility. The automobile maintenance service facility in question in this case is the facility installed incidental to a parking lot which is an urban planning facility. The judgment of the Supreme Court made in this case seemed to have clarified the purpose and intent of the legal fictitious system of permits and approvals and to have established comparatively strict requirements and procedures for the allowance of an automobile maintenance service facility installed as a subsidiary facility of an urban planning facility. It is anticipated that this judgment will get over conceptual ambiguity related to the installment of subsidiary facilities under current laws and regulations, eradicate diversified aspects of law evasions which have been tacitly practiced so far and have big significance in setting clear standards for the deviation and abuse of discretionary power of an administrative agency as a subject of control and regulation. 최근 대법원에서는 도시계획시설의 부대시설과 관련된 사건인 소위 ‘내곡동 아우디 정비센터’에 대한 흥미로운 판결을 내렸다. 이 글에서는 대상 대법원 판결의 취지와 내용을 소개하고 쟁점화 된 법적 문제를 이론적으로 검토하여 향후 관련 분쟁의 효과적인 해결을 도모하고자 한다. 도시계획시설의 부대시설은 ‘도시계획시설로 정해진 주된 시설의 기능발휘와 이용을 위하여 필요한 시설로서 주된 시설에 종속되는 시설’을 의미한다. 도시계획시설부지에는 원칙적으로 당해 도시계획시설 외의 시설물을 설치할 수 없으나, 예외적으로 주된 시설에 부대해서 그 효용을 보완해 줄 수 있는 시설물을 부대시설이라는 명분하에 허용하고 있는 것이다. 본 사안에서 문제된 자동차 정비시설은 도시계획시설인 주차장에 부대해서 설시된 시설이다. 이번 대법원 판결은 인․허가 의제제도의 목적과 취지를 명확히 하고 도시계획시설의 부대시설로 설치된 자동차 정비시설의 허용 요건과 절차를 비교적 엄격하게 수립한 것으로 보인다. 이는 현행법령상 부대시설의 설치와 관련된 개념적 모호성을 극복하고 그간 암묵적으로 이루어져 왔던 다양한 탈법적 양상을 근절하여 관리․규제의 주체로서의 행정청의 재량권 일탈․남용의 기준을 명확히 설정함에 큰 의의를 가질 것으로 기대된다.

장애인체육시설 수용에 대한 집단ㆍ지역이기주의

김기섭(Kim Ki-Sup) 한국체육과학회 2009 한국체육과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The core categories that can be drawn up after the analysis of the research topic through theoretical sensitivity are equality, indifference, multipurpose facilities, maintenance, resolving conflicting opinions, advanced notification, systematic policy measures, and respect for self-reliance. The data collected for close examination of collective selfishness shown toward the construction of a sports facility for the disabled shows that research participants L1 and H, who both experienced friction that stemmed from collective selfishness, equates the disabled to nondisabled people. On the other hand, participant L2, who never encountered friction due to collective selfishness, was merely aware of the discriminatory treatment that the disabled received in society through media outlets. Participant S was found to have no interest toward the disabled. Overall, the analysis results show that direct or indirect experiences with the disabled can have positive effects for nondisabled people to understand people with disabilities. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to create policies and foundations to raise public awareness toward the disabled and thus make it possible for awareness education to be carried out at public facilities, such as at schools. Second, the analysis of opposing and supporting data toward the sports facility for the disabled shows that the majority of the research participants want the facility to be built, only with consideration to the residential area and if it is open to both the disabled and nondisabled people. They also hoped for a thorough maintenance of the facility, but participant S expressed doubt toward the overall effectiveness of the facility. Participant H, who experienced friction stemming from collective selfishness, exhibited fears toward people with mental disabilities and called for not only a thorough maintenance of the facility but also a strict supervision over people with disabilities. The remarks given by participants S and H shows how previous policies regarding welfare for the disabled were arbitrarily led by the government and that they failed to receive public trust. In the case of participant H's fear of people with mental disability, it has been analyzed that the fear has stemmed from direct or indirect experiences of getting harmed by a person or people with mental disability. Third, after analyzing the suggestions for improvements, most of the research participants were found to be hoping for the construction of a sports facility for the disabled if the plans were to be notified to the residents of the community in advance and if the conflicting views were to be resolved beforehand. Participant H hoped for a change in public perception of the disabled, through government policy measures and hoped for the measures to become institutionalized. Participant L1 hoped for the public to first respect the self-reliance of the disabled and wanted the facility to be disability-friendly. Therefore, the analysis suggests the public and the government should first acknowledge the self-reliance of the disabled and the government should lead in building a disability-friendly facility after notifying the construction plans in advance and resolving the conflicting opinions of the public. In other words, the government should develop relevant programs that can provide the public with systematic measures to solve the collective selfishness shown toward the construction of facilities for the disabled. After conflicting opinions are resolved, a disability-friendly facility can be built. The public must respect the self-reliance of the disabled and the facility should be open to both the disabled and nondisabled people.

도시철도 차량 실내의 이용자 시설 평가와 개선방향

문서현(Moon, Suh-Hyun),김구슬(Kim, Gu-Seul),신경주(Shin, Kyung-Joo) 한국실내디자인학회 2010 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.19 No.5

User-oriented Design is necessary in planning the interior design of Metropolitan Railroads trains, since this is a typical means of transportation in this modern society and all ages people with different body scale use this facility. However, there are little studies about facility panning and zoning of Metropolitan Railroads train considering users. Therefore, in this study, after completing the checklist based on the current legal standards of facility installation of South Korea and Japan, we examined user’s facility and suggest several improvement of the opening 14 metropolitan railroad lines in Seoul. Then, we evaluated this facilities according to 41 standards; general facility(24 standards), safety facility(4 standards), guide facility(11 standards), other facility(4 standards). The result of this study may be summarized as follows. 1) General facility has to be designed to obtain lots of room for storage and this facility should be fixed up tightly with secure system. 2) Safety facility should be designed to minimize a difference of floor-level between threshold of train and ground. Also, using various color and material could help passengers to distinguish different space and facility. 3) Guide facility should be designed to guide passengers to the accurate direction with proper sign design in the pathway of Metropolitan railroad train. Also, more various color, which based on the research about physiological and psychological effect, should be used to guide people. 4) Other facility should equip more visual system using common good and informative contents. Through this study, we try to understand the current interior physical condition of Metropolitan Railroads trains. However, for future studies, it is expected to supplement evaluation standards considering aesthetic design, environmental improvement of indoor air quality and the satisfaction and demand of Metropolitan Railroads trains.

항만시설사용허가 대리신청인에 대한 사용료 부과의 문제점과 개선방안

장정원(Jang, Jeong-Won),이향숙(Lee, Hyang-Sook) 한국물류학회 2021 물류학회지 Vol.31 No.4

선주나 화주는 항만을 이용하여 선박을 입출항하고, 화물을 옮기는 과정에서 항만시설을 사용하게 되는데 이 경우 항만시설을관리하는 자에게 사용 허가를 받아야 하고, 사용의 대가로 항만시설사용료를 납부하여야 한다. 다만, 항만시설사용 허가 신청을선주나 화주가 직접 수행하지 않고 항만하역사업자나 해운대리점이 대리하는 경우가 있는데, 이 경우 항만시설에 대한 사용허가신청을 한 자와 실제 항만시설을 사용한 자가 다르다는 점에서 신청인과 사용인 중 누가 항만시설사용료 납부의무자인지에 대한다툼이 있어왔다. 이에 대하여 해양수산부는 선주나 화주, 항만하역사업자와 해운대리점 모두 항만시설사용료를 납부할 의무가있다고 인정하고, 실제로 대리인인 항만하역사업자와 해운대리점에게 항만시설사용료를 부과하고 있으나, 우리나라 법원은 1996 년, 2001년의 판결을 통하여 항만시설사용료를 납부할 의무자는 항만시설사용으로 인해 실질적인 편익을 얻는 선주나 화주에 한정되고, 항만하역사업자와 해운대리점은 단순히 허가 신청 절차를 대리하는 자에 불과하므로 허가 신청 절차를 대리하면서 수수료를 얻는 등의 이익을 얻고 있다고 하더라도 항만시설사용료를 납부할 의무는 없다고 판단하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 항만시설사용료 납부의무자에 대한 해양수산부의 태도와 법원의 판결을 소개하고, 항만시설사용료의 납부의무자에 대한 확립된 법리에따라 항만하역사업자와 해운대리점에 대한 부당한 사용료 청구 지양 및 실제 항만시설사용자인 선주나 화주에 대한 사용료 징수를 위한 항만시설사용 허가 신청 방식 변경을 제안하였다. Shipowners and shippers use port facilities in the process of their vessels entering and leaving the port and transporting cargo. For this purpose, a permit to use the port facility must be obtained from the person who manages the port facility, and a usage fee must be paid. However, there are cases where the shipowners or shippers do not directly apply for a permit to use the port facilities but have a port cargo handler or a shipping agency act on their behalf. It has been disputed whether the agent or the user is obliged to pay for the usage fee, given that the person who applied for the port facility use permit is different from the person who actually used the facility. In response, the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries recognizes that shipowners and shippers, port cargo handlers and shipping agencies are all obligated to pay the port facility usage fees, and indeed imposes the fees on their agents, who are the port cargo handlers and shipping agencies. However, according to the court rulings in 1996 and 2001, the duty to pay the port facility usage fee is limited to the shipowner or shipper who obtains substantial benefits from using the port facility, since the port cargo handlers and the shipping agencies are merely proxy applicants for the permit application process, and it was judged that there is no obligation for port cargo handlers and shipping agencies to pay the fees even if profits in the form of commissions are accrued to them while acting as agencies for the permit application process. Therefore, in this study, the viewpoints of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries about those obligated to pay port facility usage fees and the court rulings are reviewed. Given that it is necessary to avoid unreasonable charges for port cargo handlers and shipping agencies in accordance with the established legal principles on payment of port facility usage fees, this study proposes changes in the practice of applying for port facility usage permit to collect usage fees from the shipowners or shippers who are the de facto port facility users.